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高中英语阅读讲座（一） 主讲： 六合高级中学 周有美 2006-03-27
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讲座主要内容 谈谈高中英语阅读 1 、常见题材 2 、常见体裁 3 、测试要求 第一讲：阅读中的细节型试题 第二讲：阅读中的生词词义猜测
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高中英语阅读常见题材 天文地理、科学技术 政治历史、文化教育 风土人情、生活常识 人物传记、新闻报道、、、
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高中英语阅读常见体裁 1 、记叙文 2 、说明文 3 、应用文 4 、议论文 5 、图表、、、
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高中英语阅读测试要求 1 、直接题 事实细节文中找 切莫自己凭想象 2 、间接题 词语结构同义换 生词上下文中猜
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高中英语阅读测试要求 3 、推理判断题 事物发展合逻辑 文中寓意细领会 4 、主旨大意题 段落大意需归纳 中心思想领全文
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第一讲：阅读中的细节题 明确中心内容，把握辨证关系， 体会作者意图，判断文章主题。 细节孤立无意义，全文呼应有精彩， 正确答案文中藏，错误选择怪猜想。
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细节型试题常见提问形式 *According to the passage, when (where,why,how, what, which, how many, how often …) *Which of the statements is true? *Which of the statements is not true? *Which of the statements is not mentioned in the passage? *In the passage the writer states that… *What is the right order of the event?…
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细节型试题的几种解答方法 1 、 词、句转换法 不可否认，细节题在文章中一定能找 到答案，但是正确选项与文中原句往 往不会一模一样，命题者常以释义 （ paraphrase) 或重述（ restatement) 的 形式来设计题目。因此， 熟记近义词 及词组，熟悉句型转换是正确解 答此类题的关键。
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例 1 ： According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids don’t need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them. Q: How do children learn how to lie? A. Instructions from parents B. School education C. Social experiences D. Basic instinct
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According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids don’t need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them. “It is not parents or teachers that teach children how to lie.” 从最后一句更清楚的知道说谎是天生的，是 一种本能，所以正确答案是 D 。 “instinct” 即 “ 本能的 ” 的意思。
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According to Dr. Wendy Gamble of the university of Arizona, kids don’t need any instructions in lying. It comes naturally to them. Q: How do children learn how to lie? A. Instructions from parents B. School education C. Social experiences D. Basic instinct
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例 2 ： Sally arrived early. As she walked around the old house, she couldn’t help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had failed and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.
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Q: Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house? A: Because her grandmother had died. B: Because her family were in heavy debts. C: Because she knew she could pay for the quilt. D: Because her family had to sell her grandma’s belongings.
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Sally arrived early. As she walked around the old house, she couldn’t help feeling sad because of what was about to happen. It was almost a year since her dear grandmother had passed away in this house at the age of ninety-two. The family had very much wanted to keep all her things. Unfortunately, the family business had failed and left them with heavy debts. The bank now forced them to have an auction sale to repay their debts. The auction was to be held today.
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Sally’s grandmother had passed away and she left all her belongings. Sally’s family’s business had failed and they were in heavy debts. They had no choice but to sell what Sally’s grandma had left to whoever offered the most money for it. an auction sell=selling something to a person who offers the most money for it. Sally felt very sad.
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Q: Why did Sally feel sad when she came to the old house? A: Because her grandmother had died. B: Because her family were in heavy debts. C: Because she knew she could pay for the quilt. D: Because her family had to sell her grandma’s belongings.
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2 、排除式结构 仔细阅读 4 个选项，带着选项的 内容再去阅读短文。 一旦遇到与选项相似的信息，马 上在这些信息下划线作为排除的内 容。 排除 3 项与原文有关的内容后， 所剩选项的内容确定在原文中找不 到相应信息，即是正确答案。
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常见的排除式结构的提问方式： 1. According to the passage, all of the following are true except that… 2. In the passage, which of the following statements is not true? 3. What is not mentioned in the passage? 4. We can infer from the passage that… …
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例 3 ： Every August on the island of Heimaey, off the southern coast of Iceland, young people often take a walk along the streets throughout the night. What’s more, their parents allow them to stay out. Why? The children of Heimaey are going to save young puffins—small black and white seabirds.
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The cliffs above the town are home to a large group of puffins. The birds dig holes all around the cliffs. These holes are their homes. The young birds stay in the holes for about seven weeks. Then they begin to leave. Some move slowly on their undeveloped wings and feet down to the northern Atlantic Ocean that surround Heimaey. There, they swim, which they can do naturally, and learn to dive for fish. Others, however, may lose their way at night and find themselves in the town instead. On the ground, the young seabirds are in trouble. Because their wings are not fully developed, they cannot take off quickly to sea and safety. The birds then become a good meal for cats and other animals.
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For many years, islanders have helped the young puffins. Early at night in the late August, children carrying thick paper boxes and lights hurry to the seashore to catch puffins. They spend most of the night running after the birds. They put the birds they’ve caught in boxes and take good care of them. The next morning the children take the puffins to the ocean and set them free. The birds will live at sea until they are at least two years old. Then they will return to the cliffs to build homes of their own for their families. Will the children of Heimaey always come to save puffins? “Yes,” answer the boys. “We look forward to it. The best time for us is setting the birds free.”
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Q: According to the passage, which of the following is not true? A. Once in a year the children are allowed to stay out to have a good time with birds, cats, and animals. B. The earliest home for the young puffins is in the cliffs, not in the sands of beaches. C. Some young puffins make their way down to the ocean when they are about seven weeks old. D. The young birds that get to the sea will stay there for at least two years.
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The cliffs above the town are home to a large group of puffins. The birds dig holes all around the cliffs. These holes are their homes. The young birds stay in the holes for about seven weeks. Then they begin to leave. Some move slowly on their undeveloped wings and feet down to the northern Atlantic Ocean that surround Heimaey.
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Because their wings are not fully developed, they cannot take off quickly to sea and safety. The birds then become a good meal for cats and other animals. There, they swim, which they can do naturally, and learn to dive for fish. Others, however, may lose their way at night and find themselves in the town instead. On the ground, the young seabirds are in trouble. Because their wings are not fully developed, they cannot take off quickly to sea and safety. The birds then become a good meal for cats and other animals.
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The next morning the children take the puffins to the ocean and set them free. The birds will live at sea until they are at least two years old. Then they will return to the cliffs to build homes of their own for their families. Will the children of Heimaey always come to save puffins? “Yes,” answer the boys. “We look forward to it. The best time for us is setting the birds free.”
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Q: According to the passage, which of the following is not true? A. Once in a year the children are allowed to stay out to have a good time with birds, cats, and animals. B. The earliest home for the young puffins is in the cliffs, not in the sands of beaches. C. Some young puffins make their way down to the ocean when they are about seven weeks old. D. The young birds that get to the sea will stay there for at least two years.
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例 4 ： In the past 200 years, Australia has lost 19 species of animals and 76 species of plants. The Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service estimates that between 100 and 250 million species of animals and plants have lived on Earth since life began about 3.5 million years ago. Today, there are 5 and 10 million species, of which up to 1 million species could be extinct by the year 2000.
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The first species to disappear after the European arrival in Australia were the lesser stick-nest rat, the big-eared hopping mouse and the Darling Downs hopping-mouse. This occurred in about 1840. Today the council of state and federal ministers responsible for conservation has produced a list of currently endangered fauna, which includes a range of bettors, wallabies, and the numbest. Three species of whale, various birds, a number of frogs, snakes and fish are also on the list.
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But there is some cause for optimism. Several species previously believed extinct have reappeared in recent years. Recently, survey parties in remote areas have even found new species of marsupials, and reptile species are regularly discovered. This could mean that other “extinct” species may yet surface—even the Tasmanian tiger, which some authorities believe still exist in the remote regions of Tasmania.
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Q: Which of the following is not true? A. During the past two centuries, 19 species of animals have disappeared in Australia. B. Life on Earth is about 3.5 million years old. C. At least 250 million species of animals and plants could live on earth. D. By the end of 2000 about 1 million species could become extinct.
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In the past 200 years, Australia has lost 19 species of animals and 76 species of plants. The Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service estimates that between 100 and 250 million species of animals and plants have lived on Earth since life began about 3.5 million years ago. Today, there are 5 and 10 million species, of which up to 1 million species could be extinct by the year 2000.
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Q: Which of the following is not true? A. During the past two hundred centuries, 19 species of animals have disappeared in Australia. B. Life on Earth is about 3.5 million years old. C. At least 250 million species of animals and plants could live on Earth. D. By the end of 2000, about 1 million species could become extinct.
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3 、长句结构法 为提高试题难度，命题人就 “ 事实与细 节 ” 命题时，经常针对句子结构比较复杂 的长句来设计问题。在面对这种题设时， 学生应首先找出原文中长句的主干成分： 主、谓、宾；分清次要成分，如：定语、 状语、插入语等，然后对照选项来进行 选择，判断该问题加上正确选项能否准 确地表达原句的信息值。
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例 5 ： Twenty students had just climbed their way to the top rung out of four million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest on Tuesday evening at Jintan County, Jiangsu Province.
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Q: This news story is mainly about_____. A. When the contest started B. How the contest got its name C. The 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest D. The Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest.
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通过分析细节的办法来理解第一句 话的语法结构，再联系全文，问题也就 迎刃而解了。 Twenty students had just climbed their way to the top rung out of four million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest on Tuesday evening at Jintan County, Jiangsu Province.
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首先，全句可缩略成： “They climbed their way to the top rung.” 细节部分如下： How many: twenty out of four million What thing: the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest Doing what: taking part in the …contest When: Tuesday evening Where: Jintan County, Jiangsu Province
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Q: This news story is mainly about_____. A. When the contest started B. How the contest got its name C. The 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest D. The Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest.
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例 6 ： Ken Roberts found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill in Bedfordshire and thought he must have buried the gold hare in a place he knew well but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
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Q: The stone crosses in Ampthill were built ___ A. to tell about what happened in 1773 B. to show respect for Henry VIII’s first wife C. to serve as a road sign in Ampthill Park D. to inform people where the gold hare was
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Ken Roberts found out that Kit Williams had spent his S V （宾语从句） O childhood near Ampthill in Bedfordshire and thought V that he must have buried the gold hare in a place he knew （宾语从句） O （定语从句） well but he still could not see the connection with Katherine S V （宾语从句） O of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives, until one day （同位语） A he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773. （时间状语从句）
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通过正确分析句子结构可以正确理解 句子大意 Ken Roberts 发现 Kit Williams 曾在 Bedfordshire 的 Ampthill 度过了自己的童 年，并以为他必定是把他的金兔藏在了 一个他很熟悉的地方，但 Ken 仍然不明 白这和 Aragon 的 Katherine 有什么关系？ 直到有一天他偶尔在 Ampthill 公园看到 两个石制的十字架，才得知它们是于 1773 年为纪念 Katherine 而建造的。
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Ken Roberts found out that Kit Williams had spent his childhood near Ampthill in Bedfordshire and thought he must have buried the gold hare in a place he knew well but he still could not see the connection with Katherine of Aragon, the first of Henry VIII’s six wives, until one day he came across two stone crosses in Ampthill Park and learnt that they had been built in her honor in 1773.
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Q: The stone crosses in Ampthill were built ___ A. to tell about what happened in 1773 B. to show respect for Henry VIII’s first wife C. to serve as a road sign in Ampthill Park D. to inform people where the gold hare was
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4 、查阅法 学生从文中获得所需信息，有时不需要 阅读整篇文章，而只需找出能包含所需信 息的那部分，然后加以仔细阅读就行。查 阅过程中应注意文章的结构及顺序排列。 弄清文章的排列顺序能帮助学生在回答细 节问题时做到高效省时，准确无误，所以 学生必须掌握扫读的本领，在最短的时间 内找到所需的答案。
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查阅法典型题型 1 、数据推算题 要求学生按文章提供的数据，以及 数据与文中其他信息的关系做简单的计 算和推算。 * 要抓住并正确理解与数据有关的信息的含义。 * 弄清众多信息中哪些属于有用信息，哪些属于 干扰信息。 * 不要孤立看待数字信息，而要抓住一些关键 用语的意义。
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例 7 ： The film “Titanic” received 14 nominations for the 70 th Academy Award and it is not the only one that has been given such an honor. The following is a list of films receiving 12 or more Academy Award nominations and the number of Oscars they ended up winning:
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“Titanic”(1997), 14 nominations, 11awards. “All About Eve”(1950), 14 nominations, 6 awards. “Gone with the Wind”(1939), 13 nominations, 8awards. “Mary Poppins”(1964), 13nominations,5 awards. “Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf”(1966), 13 nominations, 5 awards.
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“Forest Gump”(1994), 13nominations, 6 awards. “On the Waterfront”(1954), 12nominations, 8 awards. “Ben-Hue”(1959), 12 nominations,11awards. “My Fair Lady”(1964), 12nominations, 8awards. “Dances with Wolves”(1990), 12 nominations,7 awards. “Schindler’s List”(1993), 12nominations, 7 awards. “The English Patient”(1996), 12 nominations, 12 awards.
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Q1: From this passage, we learn that the Academy Award came into being in ___. A. 1928 B. 1919 C. 1927 D. 1898 The film “Titanic” received 14 nominations for the 70 th Academy Award and it is not the only one that has been given such an honor. The following is a list of films receiving 12 or more Academy Award nominations and the number of Oscars they ended up winning: “Titanic”(1997), 14 nominations, 11awards. 1997 年的 “Titanic” 是 70 届， 1997—70=1927 ，由此得 出结论该奖项从 1927 年开始。所以 “C” 是正确答案。
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Q2: The list shows that___. A. “Titanic” receives more awards than any other film. B. “Forest Gump” receives the fewest awards. C. “Ben=Hur” must have been very successful. D. The nominations are unfair.
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“Titanic”(1997), 14 nominations, 11awards. “All About Eve”(1950), 14 nominations, 6 awards. “Gone with the Wind”(1939), 13 nominations, 8awards. “Mary Poppins”(1964), 13nominations,5 awards. “Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf”(1966), 13 nominations, 5 awards.
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“Forest Gump”(1994), 13nominations, 6 awards. “On the Waterfront”(1954), 12nominations, 8 awards. “Ben-Hue”(1959), 12 nominations,11awards. “My Fair Lady”(1964), 12nominations, 8awards. “Dances with Wolves”(1990), 12 nominations,7 awards. “Schindler’s List”(1993), 12nominations, 7 awards. “The English Patient”(1996), 12 nominations, 12 awards.
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Q2: The list shows that___. A. “Titanic” receives more awards than any other film. B. “Forest Gump” receives the fewest awards. C. “Ben=Hur” must have been very successful. D. The nominations are unfair.
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2 、图、表解意题 要求学生通过图表、插图等信息，对 文字作进一步的理解。 把文章与图示结合起来，图文互相 参照，互相验证。
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例 8 ： “Have a party at home usually requires a lot of running around on the part of the parents, and often the birthday boy or girl gets lost in wild excitement. But it really doesn’t have to be that way,” said Anaclerio. Last summer, Anaclerio and her friend Jill Carlisle, a Northbrook mother of a 2- year-old, founded a home party-planning business called “A Party in a basket.” Their goal is to help parents and children share in the fun part of party planning, like choosing the subject or making a cake, while they take care of everything.
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Drawing on their experiences as mothers, they have created 10 ready-to-use, home party packages. Everything a family needs to plan a party, except the cake and ice cream, is delivered to the home in a large basket. “Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject. For example, at the Soda Shoppe party the guests become waiters and waitresses and build wonderful ice cream creations. …
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Q: Which of the following is most likely to be a party planner?
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“Have a party at home usually requires a lot of running around on the part of the parents, and often the birthday boy or girl gets lost in wild excitement. But it really doesn’t have to be that way,” said Anaclerio. Last summer, Anaclerio and her friend Jill Carlisle, a Northbrook mother of a 2-year-old, founded a home party-planning business called “A Party in a basket.” Their goal is to help parents and children share in the fun part of party planning, like choosing the subject or making a cake, while they take care of everything.
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Drawing on their experiences as mothers, they have created 10 ready-to-use, home party packages. Everything a family needs to plan a party, except the cake and ice cream, is delivered to the home in a large basket. “Our parties are aimed for children 2 to 10,” Anaclerio said, “and they’re very interactive and creative in that they build a sense of drama based on a subject. For example, at the Soda Shoppe party the guests become waiters and waitresses and build wonderful ice cream creations.
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Q: Which of the following is most likely to be a party planner? (A)
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第二讲：阅读中的生词 词义猜测 上下文中词义猜，解释说明前后找； 近反义词不错过，构词方法记心间； 因果比较关系多， 句法功能齐参与。
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1 、上下文为线索猜测词义 一个单词在句中并非是孤立的成分， 它同句中的其他单词有着密切的关系， 即上下文线索，理解单词、词组、句子 的意思，一定要结合上下文来领会其深 层含义，在这过程中尤其要注意一词多 义的现象。
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例 9 ： Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instructional support-financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduce stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
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Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions”? A. Lays the foundation for B. Lessens the effect of C. Adds up to D. Does away with
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Social support cushions stress in a number of ways. First, friends, relatives, and co-workers may let us know that they value us. Our self-respect is strengthened when we feel accepted by others despite our faults and difficulties. Second, other people often provide us with informational support. They help us to define and understand our problems and find solutions to them. Third, we typically find social companionship supportive. Engaging in leisure-time activities with others helps us to meet our social needs while at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles. Finally, other people may give us instructional support-financial aid, material resources, and needed services—that reduce stress by helping us resolve and cope with our problems.
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Q: Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cushions”? A. Lays the foundation for B. Lessens the effect of C. Adds up to D. Does away with 考虑一下结构，就会发现这是一段很典型的总分结构的说明 法，先提出观点： social support cushions stress, 再 first, second, third, finally 分层次说明，到最后一句终于露出真面 目： support that reduces stress by …, 于是，我们就可以得 出： cushion stress = reduce stress 而 reduces = lessens the effect of
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2 、解释、说明为线索猜测词义 有时作者对文中出现的一些较难 理解的词，往往会做进一步的解释、 说明我们可以以此为线索来猜测词 义。有时还可以通过同位关系来猜 测词义。
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例 10: Mary played a dual role in the party. In the first act she was a middle-school student, and in the second act she was an old woman. Q: What is the meaning of the word “dual” here?
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Mary played a dual role in the party. In the first act she was a middle-school student, and in the second act she was an old woman. Q: What is the meaning of the word “dual” here? 通过后两个句子的说明，不难猜到 该词的意思是 “ 双重的 ” 。
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例 11 ： There are three kinds of snow. One is a fluffy snow that is somewhat dry and feathery. Another kind is damp and sticks together. There is also a light powdery snow that looks like flour. Q: The meaning of the word “fluffy” is ____.
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There are three kinds of snow. One is a fluffy snow that is somewhat dry and feathery. Another kind is damp and sticks together. There is also a light powdery snow that looks like flour. Q: The meaning of the word “fluffy” is ____. 从 fluffy snow 后的定语从句可以得知： “fluffy” 的意思是： “ 像羽毛般的 ”
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例 12 ： Alexander Graham Bell was born in 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland. His father was an expert in phonetics, the study of the sounds of language. Q: What is “phonetics”____? 通过该词后面的同为语就可以推测出： phonetics 是指 “ 语言学 ” 。 解释和说明的信号词常有： is, are, is(are) called, mean, refer to, known as, that is to say, in other words, namely …
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3 、近反义词为线索猜测词义 有时作者为了说明相反或相同的人 或事，经常会使用一些反义词来进行 对比或使用同义词来避免重复，我们 可以通过这种正反关系的对比来猜测 词义。
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例 13 ： The exhausted man was so tired that he could not move another step. 从 “so…that…” 的句型知道：他是如 此累以致于不能再挪动脚步了。推测出： “ exhausted” （ 近义词）是 “tired”; “ exhausted” 即： “ 筋疲力尽 ” 的意思
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例 14 ： Unlike his grandpa, who was quite friendly and loveable, Micheal’s grandfather was quite standoffish. friendly and loveable （反义词） standoffish; Standoffish 即： “ 冷淡的 ”
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例 15 ： He had been getting better, but during the night his condition deteriorated. get better （反义词） deteriorated; deteriorated 即： “ 恶化 ”
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例 16 ： His father despises him, while his mother loves him very much. despise （反义词） love despise 即： “ 厌恶 ” ， “ 不喜欢 ”
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4 、因果关系猜测词义 当生词出现在含有因果关系的句 子中，可通过这种关系，结合自 身的生活经验或一般常识，对生 词进行猜测。
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例 17 ： All the houses in the city collapsed during the earthquake. “earthquake” 这一原因得知倒塌 “collapse” 这一结果
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例 18 ： He poured a basin of water on the fire, which was extinguished immediately. 因为泼了水，所以火被 extinguished“ 熄灭 ”
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5 、构词法猜测词义 遇到陌生的词或短语时，应注 意前缀、后缀和词根，以此来猜 测词义。
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例 19 ： Thirty years ago, if a crime was committed, society was considered the victim. Now, in a shocking reversal, it’s the criminal who is considered victimized. In the sentence, the word “victimized” means _____. A. to be responsible B. to suffer unfairly C. to be criticized D. to be the cause of the crime
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“victim” 是 “ 受害者 ” 的意思， -ize 是 “ 使 … 化， 使成为 ” 的动词后缀，结合起来看， “victimize” 是 “ 成了受害者或牺牲品的意思 ” In the sentence, the word “victimized” means _____. A. to be responsible B. to suffer unfairly C. to be criticized D. to be the cause of the crime
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例 20 ： Finally, renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop. One form of these is geothermal energy. In certain parts of the world the temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees centigrade with each kilometer down. At six kilometers, therefore, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To get the heat, water is pumped down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain countries.
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The underlined words “geothermal energy” in the passage mean _____. A. renewable source B. underground source C. heat inside the earth D. temperature of the earth
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“geothermal” 是个生词，但它有一个典型的 英语术语前缀，即 geo- （地球，大地）。 在高考英语词汇手册中有 geography （地理） 和 geology （地质学）这两个词。 常见的还有： geochemistry （地球化学）， geodynamics （地球动力学）， geophysics （地球物理学），等等。
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Finally, renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop. One form of these is geothermal energy. In certain parts of the world the temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees centigrade with each kilometer down. At six kilometers, therefore, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To get the heat, water is pumped down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain countries.
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这个词与地球、地质有关。而且下文又介 绍说，在地球上的某些地方每深入地下 1 公里， 地温就升高 30 度。在结尾处，作者还说，地 热在有些国家已得到了利用。 由此可见， geothermal energy 是一种 产 自地下的热能。 A. renewable source B. underground source C. heat inside the earth D. temperature of the earth
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Ex Everyone knows that college students drink wine in part to escape the pressure of studying. Drinking is a good way to forget about chemistry or composition for a while, right? Well, this generalization may not be true. Drs. Elizabeth Parker and Ronald Alkana ran experiments showing that ethanol—pure booze— might aid memory if it is taken in moderate amounts immediately after learning something. At least that is what seems to have happened with drinking mice: they remembered an electric shock for an average of 110 seconds longer than their sober friends. So if alcohol affects human beings as it does mice, we may one day be drinking to remember rather than to forget. As is used in the passage, the word “sober” can be described as ____. A.drunk B. not drunk C. awake D. sleepy
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Everyone knows that college students drink wine in part to escape the pressure of studying. Drinking is a good way to forget about chemistry or composition for a while, right? Well, this generalization may not be true. Drs. Elizabeth Parker and Ronald Alkana ran experiments showing that ethanol—pure booze— might aid memory if it is taken in moderate amounts immediately after learning something. At least that is what seems to have happened with drinking mice: they remembered an electric shock for an average of 110 seconds longer than their sober friends. So if alcohol affects human beings as it does mice, we may one day be drinking to remember rather than to forget. As is used in the passage, the word “sober” can be described as ____. A.drunk B. not drunk C. awake D. sleepy
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