Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator (ISEE) Luca Sabatini, Managing Director ， Department for Income support benefits and ISEE ， INPS, Italy 2015 EU-China High Level Forum on Social Protection Reform Challenges for Legal Framework of Social Assistance Beijing, September 15 th -16 th, 2015

经济状况等值指标（ ISEE ） 卢卡 · 萨巴迪尼 意大利社会保障署收入福利与 ISEE 司执行司长 2015 年中欧社会保障改革高级别会议 社会救助法治化进程中的问题与挑战 2015 年 9 月 日 北京

Page 3 Index ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Definition and features Main goals Key calculation factors 2013 reform Data and insights Example ISEE-based social benefits and providers ISEE request and calculation flow ISEE information flows and controls The role of ISEE in the Italian Social Assistance framework

Page 4 索引 ISEE- 经济状况等值指标 定义和特点 主要目标 主要计算因素 2013 年改革 数据和见解 示例 基于经济状况等值指标的社会福利和提供者 经济状况等值指标申请和计算流程 经济状况等值指标信息流和控制 经济状况等值指标在意大利社会救助框架中的作用

Page 5 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Definition and features In Italy, since 2000, the means test for social assistance benefits and services is based on an economic indicator called ISEE (Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator). It is calculated with the same rules throughout the whole national territory and its validity has no territorial restrictions. ISEE It considers the household composition and its economic situation It supports Policy Makers in the definition and development of the social assistance framework aligned to the real citizens’ economic situation and social assistance needs It is used by social assistance public administrations (both at central and local level) to verify the applicants’ requirements to access to benefits and services ISEE MAIN FEATURES

Page 6 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 定义和特点 自 2000 年起，意大利开始根据被称为经济状况等值指标（ ISEE ）的经济指标进 行支付能力调查，从而决定是否发放社会救助福利，以及提供服务。整个意大利 实行同样的计算规则，且该指标的有效性没有地域限制。 经济状况 等值指标 它考虑了家庭结构和家庭经济状况。 它协助决策者依据公民的实际经济状况和社会救助 需求明确、制定社会救助体制。 它被社会救助公共管理部门（包括中央级和地方级） 用来验证申请人对福利和福利需求的真实性。 经济状况等值指标的主要特点

Page 7 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Main goals ISEE supports the central and local government (Regions, Municipalities, etc.) in clustering the population in terms of income brackets, social assistance needs and beneficiaries Support to the evolution of the social benefits and services framework, in order to effectively meet the citizens’ needs Identification of households’ social assistance needs Monitoring the national households’ wealth trend and analyzing the families’ composition evolution Addressing the social assistance budget to the most requested social benefits and services or neediest territories ISEE GOALS

Page 8 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 主要目标 经济状况等值指标协助中央和地方政府（区级和市级等）根据收入档次、社会救 助需求和受益者对人口进行分类。 促进社会福利和服务框架的发展，进 而有效地满足公民的需求 确定每户人家的社会救助需求 监测国内每个家庭的财富趋势， 并分析家庭结构的演变 将社会救助预算用于最急需的社会 福利和服务或最贫困的地区 经济状况等值 指标的目标

Page 9 ISEE is calculated by INPS taking into account different factors, in order to determine a comprehensive indicator of the actual household condition: ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Key calculation factors Incomes from working and not working activities, including welfare allowances Deductions: house rent, presence of people with disabilities, health expenses etc. INCOMES OF EVERY HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AND DEDUCTIONS APPLICABLE ASSETS OF EVERY HOUSEHOLD MEMBER AND DEDUCTION APPLICABLE Properties: Houses, lands, etc. Financial assets: cash deposits, stocks, bonds, etc. Deductions: decrease of the household house value, etc. Number of people Presence of minors Family peculiarities: large family, single-parent family, presence of children under age of 3, etc. HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS

Page 10 经济状况等值指标由 意大利国家社会保障署 在考虑了不同因素的情况下计算得出， 为的是确定反映实际家庭条件的综合性指标。 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 主要计算因素 工作收入和非工作收入，包括福利津贴收 入 扣减：房租、残疾人的存在和医疗费用等 每位家庭成员的收入和相关扣 减 每位家庭成员的资产和相关扣 减 财产：房屋和土地等 金融资产：现金存款、股票和债券等 扣除：房屋减值等 家庭成员人数 未成年人的存在 家庭的特殊性：大家庭、单亲家庭以及 存在不满 3 岁的儿童等 家庭特点

Page 11 In 2013, in order to make the indicator as much fair and representative of the actual household condition, five new ISEE were introduced besides the ordinary one ORDINARY OR STANDARD ISEE UNIVERSITY ISEE ISEE FOR HEALTH CARE FOR DISABLES ISEE FOR CHILD/STUDENTS WITH PARENTS NOT MARRIED AND NOT LIVING TOGETHER “CURRENT” ISEE Each ISEE is based on the same formula but it is customized on the social measure or services the citizen is applying to and/or the household peculiarities (e.g. disables, child whose parents are not married and do not live together, etc.) ISEE FOR RESIDENTIAL HEALTH CARE FOR DISABLES ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator 2013 Reform

Page 年，为了使该指标更具公平性，且更能体现代表性的实际家庭情况，除了通 用指标外，还引进了五种新的经济状况等值指标。 通用或标准经济状况等值 指标 大学经济状况等值 指标 残疾人医疗保健经济状况等值 指标 父母未婚且分居的子女 / 学生的 经济状况等值 指标 “ 趋势 ” 经济状况等值 指标 每种经济状况等值指标的计算公式都相同，但因公民申请的社会措施或服务的不同与 / 或家庭 特殊性（比如家里有残疾人以及父母未婚且分居的子女等情况）而具有个性化。 残疾人居家医疗保健经济状况 等值 指标 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 2013 年改革

Page 13 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Data and insights (1/3) Note: data updated at 30 th June 2015 In the first semester of 2015 roughly 3 million of households have requested the ISEE calculation. Although in 2014 there 6 million ISEE were calculated by INPS, it must be remarked that since this year it is possible to request more ISEEs at the same time if needed (e.g. Ordinary ISEE and University ISEE) Ordinary ISEE ISEE for child with parents not married and not living together University ISEE Other ISEE

Page 14 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 数据和见解（第 1 页 共 3 页） 注：数据于 2015 年 6 月 30 日更新 2015 年上半年，约 300 万户人家已申请经济状况等值指标计算。尽管在 2014 年， 意大利国家社会保障署 为 600 万户家庭计算了经济状况等值指标，但必须指出，从 今年开始，如果需要的话，可以同时申请不止一种经济状况等值指标（比如通用 经济状况等值指标和大学经济状况等值指标）。 通用经济状况等值指标 父母未婚且分居的子女 / 学生 的经济状况等值 指标 大学经济状况等值 指标 其他经济状况等值 指标

Page 15 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Data and insights (2/3) The following chart shows the percentage distribution of ISEE calculated by INPS in terms of ISEE values’ ranges, comparing years 2014 and 2015 Half of the ISEE calculated by INPS in the considered period is under € Year 2014 Year 2015 Note: data updated at 30 th June 2015

Page 16 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 数据和见解（第 2 页 共 3 页） 下图对比了 2014 年和 2015 年 意大利国家社会保障署 计算得出的经济状况等值指标 的百分比分布情况，反映了经济状况等值指标的取值范围。 在给定时段内，意大利国家社会保障署计算得出的经济状况等值指标一半都在 欧元以 下。 Year 2014 Year 2015 注：数据于 2015 年 6 月 30 日更新

Page 17 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Data and insights (3/3) The following chart shows the percentage distribution of households’ composition in terms of number of people for the ISEE calculated in 2015 by INPS For the same household, when requesting more ISEE (e.g. ordinary ISEE and ISEE for health care for disables) the household composition may differ from the actual one Note: data updated at 30 th June 2015

Page 18 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 数据和见解（第 3 页 共 3 页） 下图说明了 2015 年 意大利国家社会保障署 计算经济状况等值指标所依据的家庭机构 （也就是家庭成员人数）的百分比分布情况。 当同一户家庭申请多种经济状况等值指标时（比如通用经济状况等值指标和残疾人 医疗保健经济状况等值指标），其家庭结构可能不同于一般的家庭成员构成。 注：数据于 2015 年 6 月 30 日更新

Page 19 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator Example Spouse Giulia Rossi ROSSI FAMILY Minor child Mattia Rossi University Student Alessio Bianchi Disabled Grandfather Giuseppe Rossi Applicant Mario Rossi Depending on the social benefits they apply to (and consequently the different beneficiary), different ISEE are needed: The same household has can have different ISEE depending on the social benefits or services they are applying to General social benefits (e.g. electricity facilitations) Health benefits for disables University taxes facilitations ORDINARY OR STANDARD ISEE ISEE FOR STUDENT WITH PARENTS NOT MARRIED AND NOT LIVING TOGETHER ISEE FOR HEALTH CARE FOR DISABLE ,98 €3.500 €44.028,57 € Rossi family is made up by 5 people: the applicant, his spouse, his disabled father and two sons:

Page 20 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 示例 妻子 Giulia Rossi ROSSI 家 未成年子女 Mattia Rossi 上大学的子女 Alessio Bianchi 残疾人父亲 Giuseppe Rossi 申请人 Mario Rossi 根据他们申请的社会福利，即针对不同的受益者，需采纳不同的经济状况等值指标 一户人家根据他们所申请的社会福利或服务，可享有不同的经济状况等值指标。 一般社会福利 （例如用电便利服务） 残疾人医疗福利 高校税收便利 通用或标准经济状况等值指 标 父母未婚且分居的学生经济 状况等值指标 残疾人医疗保健经济状况等 值指标 ,98 欧元 欧元 ,57 欧元 Rossi 家共有 5 口人：他本人、他妻子、他的残疾人父亲和两个儿子。

Page 21 Using the appropriate ISEE, citizens can apply to several social benefits that are granted by different institutional providers: SOCIAL BENEFITS PROVIDERS SOCIAL BENEFITS AND SERVICES EXAMPLES Low income elderly vouchers to sustain basic needs Home care services for disables Contributions to personal services (care and hygiene interventions in favor of persons at marginalization risk, etc.) … INPS ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator ISEE-based social benefits and providers Scholarships Facilitations for university taxes Meal allowance and accomodations for students … UNIVERSITIES Household allowance Moterhood and family allowance Monetary contributions for transport and mobility Facilitations for utilities (electricity, energy, ect.) Kindergarten facilitations … MUNICIPALITIES AND LOCAL ADMINISTRATIONS

Page 22 通过运用适当的经济状况等值指标，公民可以申请由不同机构提供的多种社会福 利。 社会服务提供者 社会福利和服务示例 向低收入老人发放代金券，以维持他们的基本生活需要 为残疾人提供家庭护理服务 资助个人服务（对边缘人群和其他人士采取护理和卫生干预措施） …… 意大利国家社会保障署 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 基于经济状况等值指标的社会福利和提供者 奖学金 高校税收便利 向学生发放膳食补贴，并安排住宿 …… 高校 安家费 单亲妈妈补助和家庭补助 交通和出行资助 公共事业服务便利（电费和能源费 能） 幼儿园便利 …… 市政府和地方行政部门

Page 23 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator ISEE request and calculation flow Applicants can use different channels to supply INPS the necessary data needed to calculate ISEE that cannot be found in Revenue Agency’s or INPS databases: assisted web application available on the INPS website; intermediaries and tax assistance centers; municipalities. The following picture describes the whole ISEE request and calculation flow:

Page 24 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 经济状况等值指标申请和计算流程 申请人可通过不同的渠道向意大利国家社会保障署提供经济状况等值指标计算所需的，但在 税务局或意大利国家社会保障署数据库中找不到的数据： 意大利国家社会保障署网站上的辅助网络应用程序 中介机构和税务救助中心； 各市政府。 下图描绘了经济状况等值指标申请和计算的整个流程。 社会福利申请人 经济状况等值 指标计算所需 的资产和住户 数据 经济状况等值 指标 经济状况等值指 标数据库 经济状况等值指 标计算所需的收 入数据 税务局数据库

Page 25 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator ISEE information flows and controls Several controls are carried out in order to identify frauds attempts and to use only real information to calculate the indicators All the information flows needed to provide INPS the necessary data to calculate ISEE are totally digitalized and no paper forms are used. AUTOMATIC CONTROLS: personal data number of assets and their value actual existence of the household’s members AUTOMATIC CONTROLS: income data tax-deducible expenses amount

Page 26 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 经济状况等值指标信息流和控制 实施多重控制，以确定企图欺诈的行为，并且只使用真实信息计算指标。 向 意大利国家社会保障署 提供经济状况等值指标计算所需数据的所有必要信息流均 已数字化、无纸化。 自动控制： 个人数据 资产数量及其价值 实际家庭成员人数 自动控制： 收入数据 可免税费用金额 社会福利申请人 经济状况等值 指标计算所需 的资产和住户 数据 经济状况等值 指标 经济状况等值指 标数据库 经济状况等值指 标计算所需的收 入数据 税务局数据库

Page 27 ISEE - Equivalent Economic Situation Indicator ISEE role in the Italian Social Assistance framework Social Assistance Database: collects all the information related to social assistance benefits provided to citizens by INPS, Central and Local Administrations, etc.; offers information concerning the social benefits and services expenditure; may support the analysis of overlapping of social benefits and ”cliff effects” due to the grant of several social benefits to the same beneficiary because this database returns all the social benefits and service the same person or family has applied to.

Page 28 ISEE – 经济状况等值指标 经济状况等值指标在意大利社会救助框架中的作用 社会救助数据库： 收集与意大利国家社会保障署、中央和地方管理部门等向公民提供社会救助福利相关的所 有信息； 提供社会福利和服务支出信息； 可以辅助分析，避免社会福利的重叠和 “ 悬崖效应 ” ，出现向同一名受益者发放多种社会福利 的现象，原因在于该数据库能够返回某人或某个家庭申请的全部社会福利。 社会福利申请人 根据经济状况 等值指标提出 社会福利和服 务申请 以经济状况等值 指标为基础的社 会福利和服务 意大利国家社会保 障署、中央和地方 管理部门和其他社 会福利提供者 以经济状况等值 指标为基础的社 会福利和服务数 据 社会福利和服务 数据和见解 社会救助数 据库

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