第五章 安装Cisco设备 172.16.0.0 255.255.255.240

本章目标 通过本章的学习，您应该掌握以下内容: 能够识别路由器或交换机之间连接所需要的连接组件，并能正确连接 能够识别通过串口或ISDN BRI口连接WAN所需要的连接组件，并能正确连接 在路由器或交换机与一个终端之间建立控制台连接 Purpose: this figure states the chapter objectives. Emphasize: Read or state each objective so each student has a clear understanding of the chapter objectives.

连接典型网络 图例 快速以太网/ 以太网 ISDN 专线 核心 服务器 专线/ 帧中继 ISDN 云 Purpose: this figure highlights the LAN network. In this section, students will learn how to cable the LAN. Note: The figure illustrates two workgroup LANS, both connecting into core switches. core_sw_a 专线/ 帧中继 ISDN 云

LAN的物理层实现 物理层实现多种多样 有些物理层实现方式支持多种物理介质 802.3 数据链路层 (MAC子层) Ethernet 物理层 Emphasize: You may want to explain how cable names are determined. They follow the following pattern: The first number describes the speed of the cable. The next word describes whether it is baseband or broadband cable. The final letter(s) describe the media. 100 Mbps cables are used for Fast Ethernet. T represents twisted pair media. F represents fiber. For example, 10BaseT is 10 Mbps baseband twisted-pair cable. Ethernet 物理层 10Base2 10Base5 10BaseT 10BaseF 100baseTX 100baseFX 100baseT4 DIX 标准 802.3 说明了10mb 以太网规范 802.3u 说明了100mb (快速) 以太网规范 802.3z 说明了1000mb (Gibit) 以太网规范

典型网络中的以太网定位 以太网定位 快速以太网定位 Access Layer Distribution Layer Core Layer 提供端接用户设备与访问层交换机之间的连接. 为高性能PC和工作站提供对服务器的高速(100-Mbps)访问. 访问层 Distribution Layer 一般不会本层使用. 提供访问层与分布层之间的连接. 提供从分布层到核心层的连接. 提供从服务器群到核心层的连接. Emphasize: The table in the figure, compares 10baseT and Fast Ethernet. It also describes where in the hierarchical model Ethernet and Fast Ethernet can be seen. 分布层 提供交换机间的互连. 一般不会在本层使用. 核心层 Core Layer

以太网介质比较 10Base5 10BaseT 100BaseTX 100BaseFX EIA/TIA 3, 4, 5 类双绞线 2 对 62.5/125 微米多模光纤 50-欧姆 同轴电缆 (粗) 使用介质 最大段长 500 米 100米 100米 400米 Purpose: This figure further compares various Ethernet options. 拓扑类型 总线 星形 星形 点到点 双工型介质接口连接器 (MIC) ST ISO 8877 (RJ-45) ISO 8877 (RJ-45) 连接器 AUI

连接器和插孔比电话连接器RJ-11和插孔略大 区分不同的连接类型 ISO 8877 (RJ-45) 连接器和插孔比电话连接器RJ-11和插孔略大 AUI 连接器是DB15 Purpose: This figure illustrates the different ports used in Ethernet. Emphasize: RJ-45 ports are common on Cisco platforms. Some devices also offer DB-15 interfaces for AUI. If the cable is fiber, the port will look different. Point each port out to the students. Note: If you have devices available that have the various ports, show the actual ports to your students. 光纤连接器接口

Unshielded Twisted Paired(UTP) 线对 T 代表发送 R 代表接收 针 1 线对2 T2 2 线对2 R2 1 3 线对3 T3 Purpose: This figure illustrates an unshielded twisted-pair RJ-45 connector. Emphasize: the RJ-45 has eight pins. Some are for tip (T) and some for ring(R). 4 线对1 R1 8 5 线对1 T1 6 线对3 R3 7 线对4 T4 RJ-45 连接器 8 线对4 R4

UTP实现直连线 直连10BaseT/ 100BaseT 直连线 两端的线序相同 针 线 针 线 1 RD+ 1 TD+ 2 RD- 8 1 集线器/交换机 服务器/路由器 8 针 线 1 TD+ 2 TD- 3 RD+ 4 NC 5 NC 6 RD- 7 NC 8 NC 1 针 线 1 RD+ 2 RD- 3 TD+ 4 NC 5 NC 6 TD- 7 NC 8 NC 8 1 棕 白 蓝 绿 橙 8 1 棕 白 蓝 绿 橙 Emphasize: Make sure each student has seen a Cat 5 cable. Describe the test for straight through cable determination. If you hold the two ends of an RJ-45 cable side by side, you'll see eight colored strips, or pins, at each end. If the order of the colored pins is the same at each end, then the cable is straight through. If the order of the colors is reversed at each end, then the cable is crossed over or rolled. Straight-thru Ethernet uses pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. Straight-thru cables are used for switch to router cabling, switch to PC or server cabling, or hub to PC or server cabling. 两端的线序相同

UTP实现交叉线 交叉连接10BaseT/ 100BaseT 交叉线 部分线序交叉 集线器/交换机 集线器/交换机 针 线 针 线 8 1 针 线 1 RD+ 2 RD- 3 TD+ 4 NC 5 NC 6 TD- 7 NC 8 NC 针 线 1 RD+ 2 RD- 3 TD+ 4 NC 5 NC 6 TD- 7 NC 8 NC 1 8 8 1 8 1 Emphasize: Make sure each student has seen a Cat 5 cable. Describe the test for crossover cable determination. If you hold the two ends of an RJ-45 cable side by side, you'll see eight colored strips, or pins, at each end. If the order of the colored pins is the same at each end, then the cable is straight through. If the order of the colors is reversed at each end, then the cable is crossed over or rolled. Ethernet uses pins 1, 2, 3, and 6. For crossover, pin 1 is connected to 3, and oin 2 is connected to 6. Crossover cables are used for switch to switch cabling, PC to PC cabling, switch to hub cabling, hub to hub cabling, or router to router cabling. 棕 棕 白 绿 蓝 蓝 白 绿 白 橙 橙 白 棕 棕 白 橙 蓝 蓝 白 橙 白 绿 绿 白 部分线序交叉

UTP直连线与交叉线对比 有且仅有一个端口标记有“ X”时使用直连线. 两个端口均标有或均没标有“X”时用交叉线. Purpose: This figure describes a simple way to determine whether one should use a crossover or straight thru cable. 1x 2x 3x 4x 2x 3x 4x 1x 两个端口均标有或均没标有“X”时用交叉线.

连接典型网 决定使用10mb或100mb的物理介质 确认面板上的端口，查看是否标记“ X” 指明需要使用什么线类 指明需要使用交叉线或直连线 100 Mbps 5类交叉线 Emphasize: Highlight the various cables and the devices they connect. Reference: for more information, the following URL providees more information on LAN cabling: http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/701/14.html Also see the Cable Specifications appendix that is included in most Installation and configuration guides. 10 Mbps 3, 4, 5类交叉线 10 Mbps 3, 4, 5类直连线 100 Mbps 5类直连线 10 Mbps 3, 4, 5类直连线

连接广域网 图例 快速以太网/ 以太网 ISDN 专线 ISL 核心 服务器 core_sw_b core_sw_b 专线/ 帧中继 Purpose: This figure highlights the WAN network. In this section, students will learn how to cable the WAN. Note: The figure illustrates two workgroup WANs. One is an ISDN connection to a home office. The other illustrates a serial Frame Relay or leased line connection to a branch office. core_sw_a 专线/ 帧中继 ISDN 云

注意: 插脚引线不同于 典型网中用到的RJ-45 WAN物理层实现 物理层实现多种多样 连线规范定义了连接速率 HDLC PPP 帧中继 ISDN BRI (用PPP协议) Purpose: This figure illustrates the various WAN standards. Emphasize: The serial standards presented in this course, are presented in the figure. For ISDN, use an RJ-45 port. The cable differs from ports used for serial connections. Note that RJ-45 connections will fit into an RJ-48 and vice versa. Tell students not to connect an ISDN cable into anything other than an ISDN port. EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449 X.121 V.24 V.35 HSSI RJ-45 注意: 插脚引线不同于 典型网中用到的RJ-45

区分不同的WAN串行连接器 连接到路由器 端接用户设备 DTE CSU/ DSU DCE 服务商 通过CSU/DSU接入网络 Purpose: This section describes the various serial standards that support leased line connections. Emphasize: The same 60-pin end that attaches to a Cisco device supports all standards illustrated. CSU/ DSU DCE 服务商 EIA/TIA-232 EIA/TIA-449 V.35 X.21 EIA-530 通过CSU/DSU接入网络

串行连接中的DTE和 DCE比较 DTE/DCE—责任分界点 Data Terminal Equipment 数据终端设备 WAN连接中用户方的最后设备 Data Communications Equipmen 数据通讯设备 WAN服务商方的最后通讯设备 DCE提供时钟 调制解调器 通道服务单元/ 数据服务单元 DTE DCE Purpose: This section describes the DTE and DCE. Emphasize: The DTE end attached to your router and the DCE end attaches the the CSU/DSU (or modem) which is attached to the service provider’s network. DTE and DCE do not refer to male and female connectors. Note: Data switching equipment (DSE) is an additional term sometimes used to describe the switch components that appear inside the cloud. The DSE adds and removes channels assigned inside the WAN. The DSE connects traffic from various sources to their final destinations through other switches. S S S S S S DTE DCE DCE DTE DTE/DCE—责任分界点

固化的端口 WAN串口可以采用固化方式 2500 路由器—背板一览 Purpose: This figure shows fixed interface router such as a 2500. Emphasize: The router in the figure is a Cisco 2500 router with Ethernet, serial, and ISDN interfaces.. A fixed interface router requires no additional hardware interfaces to operate. However, once you acquire a fixed component router such as a 2500, you cannot change interfaces. Note: Show students the physical router used in the laboratory exercise. WAN串口可以采用固化方式

模块化端口 WAN串口可以采用模块化方式 1603 路由器—背板一览 WAN 接口卡 模块 3640 路由器— 背板一览 10BaseT以太网口 AUI以太网口 ISDN BRI S/T 控制口 3640 路由器— 背板一览 Purpose: This figure shows modular interface routers. Emphasize: A modular interface router requires additional hardware network modules and/or WAN interface cards. This generally costs more than a fixed interface router. However, you have the flexibility to change the interface components as your network scales. When configuring an interface on a fixed configuration router, some interfaces must be called out with the slot and port. Note: The figure displays a 1603 router with a 60-pin WAN interface card. It also displays a 3640 with an 8 port serial network module. The laboratory exercise suggests the use of a 3640 as the core router. If you use this router, show the students the various network modules you have installed.

控制台连接 PCs需要一个将RJ-45转换到DB-9或DB-25的转换器 带控制口的设备 PCs需要一个将RJ-45转换到DB-9或DB-25的转换器 通讯口设置为9600波特率, 8个数据位, 不设奇偶校验位, 1个停止位, 不设流量控制 这是通过控制口的一种管外管理方式 AUX端口用于调制解调器的远程连接访问 Emphasize: Rollover cables are not the same as crossover cables. The pinouts for a rollover cable are 1-8, 2-7, 3-6, 4-5, 5-4, 6-3, and so on. Students must also set up a HyperTerminal console session if they are on a Microsoft Windows ‘95 platform. The instructions to establish a console session using HyperTerminal are in the HyperTerminal appendix.

本章总结 通过本章的学习，您应该掌握以下内容: 能够识别路由器或交换机之间连接所需要的连接组件，并能正确连接 在路由器或交换机与一个终端之间建立控制台连接 Purpose: Review the summary items with your students. Emphasize: Read or restate the summary statements. By now, your presentation and classroom discussion should have students able to meet the chapter learning objectives.

问题回顾 1. 说明实现以太局域网所基于的三个标准. 2. 如果需将交换机之间的连接升级到100BaseT, 应该选择什么线类? 3. 判断下列引脚情况是直连线或交叉线或翻转线? 4. 下列各类连接器分别可用于哪些介质? 8 1 w 0 o w b w g g br w br 8 1 w g g w b w o o br w br Purpose: Review the chapter with open ended questions. Note: The questions in this section are open ended questions designed to foster further discussion. Answers the the review questions are in the “Answers” appendix. A B C