HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. IPv6 路由基础

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2 前言 在企业网络中， IPv6 技术的应用越来越普及。 IETF 组织针对 IPv6 网络制定 了两种路由协议 RIPng 和 OSPFv3 。

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 3 学习目标 学完本课程后，您应该能： 掌握 RIPng 和 OSPFv3 的工作原理 掌握 RIPng 和 OSPFv3 的配置

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. RIPng Page ::1/ ::2/ :1::a/64 (loopback 0) 2001:2::b/64 (loopback 0) RTA RTB ff02::9/8 主机 A 主机 B fe80::fe03:e24f/64 fe80::fe03:c3fb/64 fe80::fecf:94e/64 fe80::fecf:e20f/64 RIPng 发送路由更新的目的地址为组播地址 ff02::9/8 。 RIPng 中的路由条目下一跳地址是 0::0 或者链路本地地址。

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. RIPng 报文格式 Page 5 UDPIPRIPng Unused Command Route Table Entry 1 Version … Route Table Entry n IPv6 Prefix Route Tag Prefix Length Metric RIPng 的路由表项中包含目的 IPv6 地址、路由标记、前缀长度以及度量 值。

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. RIPng 配置 Page 6 [RTA]ipv6 [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address auto link-local [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ripng 1 enable [RTA-LoopBack0]ipv6 enable [RTA-LoopBack0]ipv6 address 2001:1::1/64 [RTA-LoopBack0]ripng 1 enable RTA RTB G0/0/0 2001:1::1/64 (loopback 0) 2001:2::1/64 (loopback 0) fe80::fe03:e24f/64 fe80::fe03:c3fb/64

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 配置验证 Page 7 [RTA]display ripng Public vpn-instance RIPng process : 1 Preference : 100 Checkzero : Enabled Default-cost : 0 Maximum number of balanced paths : 8 Update time : 30 sec Age time : 180 sec Garbage-collect time : 120 sec Number of periodic updates sent : 217 Number of trigger updates sent : 1 Number of routes in database : 1 Number of interfaces enabled : 2 Total number of routes : 0 Total number of routes in ADV DB is : 1 …… [RTA]display ripng Public vpn-instance RIPng process : 1 Preference : 100 Checkzero : Enabled Default-cost : 0 Maximum number of balanced paths : 8 Update time : 30 sec Age time : 180 sec Garbage-collect time : 120 sec Number of periodic updates sent : 217 Number of trigger updates sent : 1 Number of routes in database : 1 Number of interfaces enabled : 2 Total number of routes : 0 Total number of routes in ADV DB is : 1 ……

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. OSPFv3 Page 8 fe80::fe03:ce78/64 fe80::fe03:5499/64fe80::fe03:77a9/64 fe80::fe03:28f5/64 RTA RTD RTC RTB RID: RID: RID: RID: :1::a/64 (loopback 0)2001:3::c/64 (loopback 0) 2001:4::d/64 (loopback 0)2001:2::b/64 (loopback 0) ff02::5/8 ff02::5 是为 OSPFv3 路由协议预留的 IPv6 组播地址。 OSPFv3 中的路由条目下一跳地址是链路本地地址。

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. DR&BDR RTA RTD RTC RTB RID: RID: RID: RID: DR BDR Priority 0 （不参与 DR&BDR 选举） ff02::6/8 Priority 1 Router ID 在 OSPFv3 中必须手动配置。 在 NBMA 和广播型网络中 OSPFv3 选举 DR 和 BDR 的过程与 OSPFv2 相似。 Page 9

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 基于链路运行 Page 10 (fe80::fe03:ce78/10) (fe80::fe03:5499/10)(fe80::fe03:77a9/10) (fe80::fe03:28f5/10) RTA RTD RTC RTB RID: RID: RID: RID: :1::a/642001:3::c/ :4::d/ :2::b/64 OSPFv2 是基于网络运行的， OSPFv3 的实现是基于链路的。

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. OSPFv3 认证 Page 11 OSPFv3 协议本身不提供认证功能，而是通过使用 IPv6 提供的安全机制 来保证 OSPFv3 报文的合法性。 RTA RTD RTC RTB IPOSPFv3 AH ESP

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. OSPFv3 配置 Page 12 [RTA]ipv6 [RTA]ospfv3 [RTA-ospfv3-1]router-id [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 enable [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ipv6 address fe80::1 link-local [RTA-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospfv3 1 area [RTA-LoopBack0]ipv6 enable [RTA-LoopBack0]ipv6 address 2001:1::1/64 [RTA-LoopBack0]ospfv3 1 area RTARTB G0/0/0 RID: RID: :1::1/64 (loopback 0)2001:2::1/64 (loopback 0) fe80::1 fe80::2

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 配置验证 Page 13 [RTA]display ospfv3 Routing Process "OSPFv3 (1)" with ID Route Tag: 0 Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled SPF Intelligent Timer[millisecs] Max: 10000, Start: 500, Hold: 2000 LSA Intelligent Timer[millisecs] Max: 5000, Start: 500, Hold: 1000 LSA Arrival interval 1000 millisecs Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2 Number of AS-External LSA 0. AS-External LSA's Checksum Sum 0x0000 Number of AS-Scoped Unknown LSA 0. AS-Scoped Unknown LSA's Checksum Sum 0x0000 Number of FULL neighbors 1 Number of Exchange and Loading neighbors 0 …… [RTA]display ospfv3 Routing Process "OSPFv3 (1)" with ID Route Tag: 0 Multi-VPN-Instance is not enabled SPF Intelligent Timer[millisecs] Max: 10000, Start: 500, Hold: 2000 LSA Intelligent Timer[millisecs] Max: 5000, Start: 500, Hold: 1000 LSA Arrival interval 1000 millisecs Default ASE parameters: Metric: 1 Tag: 1 Type: 2 Number of AS-External LSA 0. AS-External LSA's Checksum Sum 0x0000 Number of AS-Scoped Unknown LSA 0. AS-Scoped Unknown LSA's Checksum Sum 0x0000 Number of FULL neighbors 1 Number of Exchange and Loading neighbors 0 ……

Copyright © 2013 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 14 总结 RIPng 用来接收路由更新的端口号是多少 ? OSPFv3 用来唯一标识一台路由器的参数是什么 ?

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