國立台灣師範大學 資訊教育系 葉耀明 ymyeh@ice.ntnu.edu.tw 從SCORM數位學習到ebXML儲存庫 國立台灣師範大學 資訊教育系 葉耀明 ymyeh@ice.ntnu.edu.tw

內容大綱 SCORM數位學習標準 CORDRA: ADL's Federated Content Repository Model ebXML Registry/Repository ebXML和SCORM比較

SCORM：e-Learning整合平台 The Sharable Content Object Reference Model (SCORMTM) defines a Web-based learning “Content Aggregation Model” and “Run-time Environment” for learning objects. ADL(Advanced Distributed Learning) initiative(1997成立)訂定的標準 美國國防部主導和支持 SCORM 1.2: 2001/10/1 (SCORM 1.0:2000/1) SCORM2004: 2004/1

eXtensible Markup Language (XML) SCORM的系統架構 IEEE LTSC ARIADNE IMS Content Aggregation Model (LOM) eXtensible Markup Language (XML) ADL Java API Run-time Environment AICC

整合現有e-Learning技術和標準 LOM (Learning Object Metadata) : XML the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) Learning Technology Standards Committee (LTSC) the Alliance of Remote Instructional Authoring & Distribution Networks for Europe (ARIADNE) the IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc., Run-time Environment(Common Launch & API): Java the Aviation Industry CBT (Computer-Based Training) Committee (AICC)

SCORM Evolution

SCORM 2004新增內容 新增 更動 新增

即時整合網路教材

Content Aggregation Model Content Structure Content Aggregation Aggregation Learning Resource Asset SCO Asset Aggregation Asset Learning Resource SCO Learning Resource SCO Learning Resource Asset Asset Learning Resource Asset Asset

SCO(Shareable Content Object) Asset JPEG XML Doc WAV Flash Object JAVA Script Functions GIF HTML Fragment

Content Aggregation Packaging in XML

Learning Management Systems Local Content Repository Testing/Assessment Service Sequencing Service Remote Content Repositories Selection SCORM Content Packages Course Administration Service Content Management Service Launch Learner Profiles Service Tracking Service SCORM Content (SCOs & Assets) Delivery Service Browser (Presentation) Generalized Learning Management System Model SCORM Tracking Data SCORM API API Adapter

eLearning Three Layer Structure Application Layer Learning Technology System Authoring, Delivery, Management Learning Agents Application Tool Layer Lecture, Present, Assessment, Simulation, Collaboration Common Application Layer Sequencing User Profile, Tracking Knowledge Mgmt, Content Mgmt Learning Services Basic Services Layer Resolution, Query/Update Right Mgmt, Logging Storage, Role, Authentication Web Services Layer Workflow (BPEL,BPSS) Discovery (ebXMLRR,UDDI) Description (WSDL,CPPA) Messaging (SOAP,ebMS,XMLP) Infrastructure Internet Layer HTTP,FTP,SMTP TCP/IP

CORDRA Content Object Repository Discovery and Resolution Architecture Content Object Repository Discovery and Registration Architecture Learning Systems Architecture Lab Carnegie Mellon University

Overall CORDRA Model

Key CORDRA Operations Register a content object in the Content Catalog for later search and retrieval Search the Content Catalog; it returns content objects (via their IDs) and metadata Register a content repository in the Repository Registry by specifying local data and rules Query the Repository Registry for the operational, policy and business rules

Content Object Creation Create Content Assign ID 100.xyz/cp Publish in Repository

Content Object Registration Identify Content in Repository for Registration Get Content ID Extract Metadata 10.xyz/cp Register Content Deposit Metadata

Content Object Search Enter Search Criteria Search Catalog 100.xyz/cp Search Catalog Select Content 100.abc/cp1 100.abc/cp2 100.xyz/cp 100.qrs/cp Return Content IDs

Content Object Access Identify Content 100.xyz/cp Determine Repository and Access Methods Resolve Identifier 100.xyz/cp Access Content in Identified Repository Retrieve Content

Repository Registration Create Repository Metadata Assign ID 100.reg/rep Register

Repository Query Enter Search Criteria Search Catalog Obtain Repository Metadata

Overall CORDRA Model Collection of local content repositories Implementation-specific system repositories Master catalog (content registry) Repository registry System registry Identifier Infrastructure Common Services Applications

ebXML Registry/Repository 服務基礎架構(SOA) 服務註冊技術 內容服務註冊技術使用情境 內容服務註冊功能

ebXML：全球電子市集 ebXML 是一套集合模組化電子交易架構的詳細規格。 ebXML能使各種規模、各種領域的全球企業，以符合企業管理流程的方式經由XML-based的資訊交換，透過電子市集的仲介與其他企業形成交易。 ebXML是由 United Nations (UN/CEFACT) and OASIS這兩大組織所共同發起及贊助。 ebXML1.0: 2001年5月公佈

ebXML的核心概念 ebXML的核心概念是定義出全球電子市集中企業間(跨國界跨行業)的商業交易(Business Transaction)的模式(Modeling Methodology) 是電子商務領域的重要分水嶺 電子商務理論(學術界) 企業e化(企業界)

ebXML之演進 ebXML之兩大應用領域 eGovernment eBusiness (B2B) UMM UML Registry/Repository XML, SOAP UN/CEFACT OASIS 二組織分裂 復合? EDI UN/EDIFACT ebXML ebXML Extension 1976 2001/5 2002 2003 2004 2005 1999/11

服務基礎架構(SOA)

Web Services 技術概念： SOA: Services Oriented Architecture Service Broker WSDL 新型態的入口網站： - 給程式(Web Service)用的 UDDI Publish Request SOAP Service Requester Service Provider Bind and Request Reply UDDI 2.0: Universal Description, Discovery and Integration (2001/6) WSDL: Web Service Description Language SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol (2001/7)

電子化政府服務基礎架構 (eGov SOA) 平台管理觀點 內容/服務仲介者 國民服務觀點 內容/服務要求者 政府作業觀點 內容/服務提供者 內容/服務發佈 內容/服務查詢 eGOV 儲存庫 內容/服務回覆 內容/服務連結與要求

內容服務註冊技術標準 UN/CEFACT註冊/儲存庫： (未成熟) OASIS ebXML註冊/儲存庫： (發展中) 以UMM為核心；最高等級國際標準 採用CCTS資訊模型：適合內容物件 OASIS ebXML註冊/儲存庫： (發展中) 以Extended SOＡ為概念：ebRS；業界標準 採用ebRIM資訊模型：適合內容物件 UDDI註冊/儲存庫： (發展競爭中) 以SOA為概念 採用白頁/黃頁/綠頁的資料結構：適合服務但不適合內容

UN/CEFACT CCTS (Core Component Technical Specification)

ebXML Registry Information Model

UDDI Registry Data White Pages Yellow Pages Green Pages Business Units Taxonomies Green Pages Descriptions of Services

內容服務註冊使用情境分析 提交 註冊服務處 查詢 內容擁有單位 內容規範 民眾 eGov 驗證 入口網站 企業 核準/駁回 儲存庫 註冊中心 CS 註冊服務處 儲存庫 提交 驗證 核準/駁回 註冊中心 內容擁有單位 民眾 企業 查詢 eGov 入口網站 內容註冊 / 內容規範

內容註冊服務處功能 內容註冊(Content Registry) 內容發現(Content Discovery) 內容註冊和驗證程序和介面 內容發現(Content Discovery) 內容查詢的使用者介面和應用程式介面 內容管理(Content Management) 內容生命周期管理 事件通告(Event Notification) 內容事件控制和服務及流程整合 系統安全功能(Security Enforced) 內容為主之數位簽章和角色權限控制 註冊服務處聯合互作功能(Registry Federation) 彈性的分散式註冊服務處系統架構

內容註冊物件生命周期 提交 核準 廢棄 移除

ebXML Registry 查詢

ebXML Registry 內容物件編輯

ebXML Registry 內容物件語意關連

ebXML和SCORM的比較 SCORM ebXML e-Business的標準 Learn from EDI Vertical Specification Horizontal Specification Fundamental Standard Learn from EDI Business Collaboration UML, UMM Business Knowledge ? UMM CCTS Repository 結合Web Services e-Learning的標準 ? SCORM Fundamental Standard Learn from ? education Learning Knowledge LOM + ? Repository… Run-time Environment API ? Web Services Part of Human Resource System