TVUEnglish2 第八讲 辅导教师：毕霞

内容: 1.Grammar: A：间接引语 B：间接疑问句 2.Vocabulary: 3.Reference: A: 学生用书 B:教学平台 http://open.mastvu.ah.cn C：教学资源库

rainy climate package tour alone rain cats and dogs set foot make up one’s mind to sth.&make up one’s mind about sth. make out

    Grammar:                                            直接引语与间接引语 1、直接引语与间接引语都是宾语。一字不改地引述别人的话，叫直接引语；直接引语一般皆置于引号之内，第一个词的首字母须大写。 He said ，“She is learning English．” 2、用说话人自己的话转述别人的话，叫间接引语；间接引语通常在句中以宾语从句的形式出现。 He said that she was learning English. 3、两种引语皆须由动词引述，这种动词叫做引述动词。如say, tell, ask, declare ,remark,                                    

reply, think, write等。引述动词及其主语可置于直接引语之前、之后、之中。引述动词如果是一般时或一般过去时，而主语为名词时，则常可以倒装。 He said ,"I will come in the evening ." "I'm very grateful," said I gravely. "Henceforth," he explained ,"I shall visit you tomorrow." "My wife always drinks coffee for breakfast," said John.　

One day, while Alan was away on holiday, he phoned his friend James One day, while Alan was away on holiday, he phoned his friend James. James told another friend, John, what Alan said. He said the weather was awful. It was freezing cold and it had been raining cats and dogs for a week. He told James he’d caught a cold. Before he went he said he was sure that the weather would be good at this time of the year. He mentioned that he’d been going there for years and he’d never had a rainy day.

     Grammar：                    直接引语变间接引语 直接引语为陈述句，变为间接引语时，常由从属连词that引导（口语中可省略），同时，根据主句的要求，间接引语须在人称、时态及其它方面作相应的变化。 1、人称的变化。 The teacher said ,"John , you must bring your book to the class." The teacher told John that he must bring his book to the class.（别人说） The teacher said that you must bring your book to the class.（别人对约翰说） The teacher said that I must bring my book to the class.（约翰对自己说）

2指示代词，时间状语，地点状语的变化： This-that these-those now-then yesterday-the day before Today-that day tomorrow-the next day next week-the next week ago-before here-there 3时态的变化：时态的变化：主句中的谓语动词如是过去时态，一般现在时变为一般过去时。（如果是一般的真理，一般现在时则不变。）现在进行时变为过去进行时；现在完成时变为过去完成时；一般过去时变为过去时完成时；过去完成时则不变；一般将来时变为过去将来时。

He said he was sorry. He said , "You haven't changed much He said he was sorry . He said , "You haven't changed much ." He said that I hadn't changed much She said , "He is waiting . She said that he was waiting. He said , " I shall have finished reading the book by the end of that week." He said that he would have finished reading the book by the end of that week. He has said to me , " I'm tired." He has said to me he is tired.

He will say , " The boy was lazy He will say , " The boy was lazy ." He will tell you that the boy was lazy . "The earth moves around the sun ," the teacher told us. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.（客观事实）                         直接引语是祈使句时，变为间接引语时将动词原形变为动词的不定式，并在前加tell, ask, order, command. “Don’t be late again,Frank,” the teacher said.” The teacher told Frank not to be late again.

将下列句子变为间接引语： She said, “John left for Shanghai two days ago.” Mary said to me, “I’ll go and see my Chinese teacher tomorrow.” He said, “Pleases sit down.” “Don’t be late again, Frank,” the teacher said.” Tom said, “I’m listening to the radio now.” Key

Key: She said that John had left for Shanghai two days before. Mary told me that she would go and see her Chinese teacher the next day. He asked us to sit down. The teacher told Frank not to be late again. Tom said that he was listening to the radio.

rainy adj. “下雨的，多雨的” rainy season; a rainy day （引申义）萧条的时候。 save against a rainy day末雨绸缪 rainy是由名词加后缀-y构成的，表示“有；满是…的；充满…的;具有…性质的；象…的。 类似的词有：windy; sunny; cloudy; thirsty; hairy; etc. climate&weather 前者指“长时间的天气变化及其规率。” 后者指较短时间的天气变化情况。 e.g. What’s the climate like in your country?

We have got bad weather today . package tour指旅行社包办的旅行。所有吃，喝玩住都由旅行社代办理，旅游者只交一定的费用即可。 e.g. We wished he had gone to Beijing on a package tour. alone adv.&adj.单独，独自。 e.g. He lives alone. I was alone in the house. Note: alone,solitary,lone,lonely &lonesome alone不表示好也不表示坏。 solitary和lone指物时表示只有一个。指人时与同义。表示“孤独，愁闷。”

e.g. a solitary/lone tree in the courtyard Will you come and see me? I’m feeling a bit solitary/lonely/lonesome. rain cats and dogs下倾盆大雨。该词组为英语习语，形容雨势之大，常用于进行时中。 e.g. It was raining cats and dogs as he leaving. set foot迈步，抬脚落于…。该词组后常接介词，意思很灵活。 e.g. He lived in Beijing for years without ever setting foot in the Forbidden City. He was the first person to set foot on the moon.

make up one’s mind to sth. &make up one’s mind about doing sth e.g. He has made up his mind to go to abroad to study. James told him to phone them when he’d made up his mind about coming back. make out理解，了解。该词组为及物，后接宾语，相当于comprehend。 e.g. It’s sometimes difficult to make out what is said over an airport loudspeaker. I can’t make out if Tom likes him or not.

间接疑问句： 一：一般疑问句变为间接引语时，须有连词whether 或if引导whether与if之前ask,wonder, enquire等动词引导。 二：直接引语如果是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时须有疑问词引导。 三：在间接疑问句中用陈述句语序。

将下列句子变成间接疑问句。 1.Jane asked me, “Do you study English now.” 2. Mary asked, “Are you learning Chinese at Nanjing University now,Bob?” 3. Anne asked, “Where did you finding your course book, Mary?” 4. “Have you had your lunch?” Li Ming asked me. Tom asked me, “Did you live in Beijing or in Shanghai three years ago?” key

Key: Jane asked me whether (if) I studied English then. Mary asked Bob if he was learning Chinese at Nanjing University then. Ann asked Mary where she had found her course book. Li Ming asked me if I had my lunch. Tom asked me whether I had lived in Beijing or in Shanghai three years before.