Environmental accounting Chapter 2e Environmental accounting Yin Wen 0132288 Li Siwen 0132291 Cai Jun 0132312
Environmental accounting Why What How ISO14000
Environment accounting? Why we need Environment accounting? 1~ Environment costs are becoming huge for some companies.Once identified,environmental cost can be controlled and reduced. 2~There is increasing worldwide regulation and a need for regulatory reporting of environmental cost. 3~Ethical issues--business should be aware of how their production methods will affect the environment.(eg.Carbon emissions) 4~Improved brand image--'green' ways of doing business can be a selling point. 5~Associating environmental costs with individual products will lead to more accurate pricing and improved profitability. To DO:
我国环境会计政策 会计实务--还没有系统的环境会计和信息披露的制度或规范及配套的实践模式。 会计理论--许多研究与探索,吸取国外经验。 在环境信息披露方面,只在中国证监会发布的《公开发行证券的公司信息披露内容与格式准则第1号——招股说明书》中有两处涉及环保问题。仅在企业“管理费用”会计科目中设置了“排污费”和“绿化费”项目。 会计理论--许多研究与探索,吸取国外经验。 2001年6月成立“环境会计专业委员会”。 环境会计报表 编报企业: 年 月 日 单位: 项目 行次 本期数 本期累计数 环境资源收益 减:环境资源损耗 环境资源成本 环境资源效益
环境会计制度和信息 要素变化--资产“环境资产”“环境资产损耗准备”“环境资产净值”;负债“环境负债”(应付环境资源损耗费、应付环境资源保护费和应付环污染治理费);所有者权益“环境资本”;收入“环境收入”(企业因采取环境保护和环境治理而由国家给予的补贴、奖金和税收减免,企业回收处理的“三废收入”,其他单位和个人交来的环境损害赔偿或罚款收入)费用“环境费用”,利润“环境利润”。 假设变化--会计主体、持续经营、会计分期和多元计量。多元计量假设是指在绿色会计核算中,以货币计量为主,但考虑到环境因素的复杂性,很多时候不能以货币计量,因此应以实物、百分数或指数计量等作为辅助方式,在某些时候,还可以用图表和文字附注加以说明。 原则变化--政策性原则、社会性原则、强制性和自愿性相结合的原则。 附注: 1.环境资源负债金额及明细资料。 2.企业对环境资源的损害,治理及投资情况。 3.企业环保措施及长远发展目标。 4.其他需要说明的重要事项。
中华人民共和国环境保护部 Environment 环境法律法规 《中华人民共和国环境保护法》《清洁生产促进法》《环境影响评价法》《水污染防治法》《城市规划法》《矿产资源法》 《关于贯彻信贷政策与加强环境保护工作的有关问题的通知》 Environment 中华人民共和国环境保护部
Environment
Environment
Environment
Defining and controlling Environment costs
Four types of cost To DO: 1~ conventional costs (material and energy) 2~potentially hidden costs(general overhead) 3~contingent costs(future date) 4~image and relationship costs(reputation) To DO:
Environment management system 1/Defining,identified 2/Pinpoingting and allocating
policy life-cycle Management system To DO: Adherence to external standards Regulatory compliance Eco-lable application policy life-cycle (1)life-cycle assessment (2)Maintenan-ce (3)Pollution prevention Objectives and target Impact assessment R&D To DO:
How to account for environmental cost
To DO: Input/output analysis Flow cost accounting Environmental activity-based costing Environmental life-cycle costing To DO:
Input/output analysis what comes in must go out process finished output input scrape waste
Flow cost accounting
Environmental activity-based costing Environmental life-cycle costing
ISO 14000 An environmental policy statement An assessement of environmental aspects and legal and voluntary obligations A management system Internal audits and reports to senior management A public declaration that ISO 14001 is being complied with
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