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关于非典型性肺炎 Atypical pneumonia.

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Presentation on theme: "关于非典型性肺炎 Atypical pneumonia."— Presentation transcript:

1 关于非典型性肺炎 Atypical pneumonia

2 非典型肺炎尸解标本中分离培养到的衣原体样颗粒药敏实验初步结果
非典型肺炎尸解标本中分离培养到的衣原体样颗粒药敏实验初步结果     中国疾病预防控制中心病毒病预防控制所的科学家在非典型肺炎病人尸解标本中分离培养出衣原体样颗粒。经对这些衣原体样颗粒进行体外药敏实验,初步结果如下:    

3     ⑴能抑制病原生长的有:         抗生素:阿奇霉素(最小有效浓度:31.25μg/ml)、盐酸四环素(最小有效浓度:1.45μg/ml)、左氧氟沙星(最小有效浓度: 5.9μg/ml)、多西环素(最小有效浓度:0.15μg/ml)、利福平(最小有效浓度:375μg/ml)、红霉素(最小有效浓度:46.88μg/ml)     抗病毒药物:更昔洛韦(最小有效浓度:23.44μg/ml)    

4 ⑵不能抑制病原生长的药物         抗生素:克林霉素     抗病毒药物:利巴韦林、阿糖胞苷    

5 冠状病毒CORONAVIRUS

6 2003,4,14宣布 基因序列已研究清楚(加拿大) 检测病毒的试剂盒研制成功
WHO:Canadian scientists working around the clock have completed full sequencing of the genome of the SARS virus. This is a major step forward that will boost the development of better diagnostic tests and underpin work on a vaccine.

7 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
(SARS)

8 WHO:Situation in China
China has today reported 109 new probable cases of SARS and 6 deaths, bringing the cumulative total to 1418 cases and 64 deaths. The largest number of cases occurred in Shanxi Province, where 47 new cases were reported. In addition, two provinces reported SARS cases for the first time – 10 in Inner Mongolia and 3 in Fujian. 14, April

9 Update on cases and countries
As of today, a cumulative total of 3169 cases of SARS, with 144 deaths, have been reported to WHO from 21 countries. This represents an increase of 213 cases and 25 deaths since the last update on Saturday.

10 2003,4,17 命名SARS 病毒 基因图谱显示:以前在人类身上从未发现有该病毒 可能病毒来自动物身上

11 新华网北京4月20日电 国务院新闻办20日下午在新闻发布会上散发的材料显示,截至18日,在中国大陆报告的非典型肺炎病例中,广东1304例,北京339例,山西108例,内蒙古25例,广西12例,湖南6例,四川5例,福建3例,上海2例,河南2例,宁夏1例。   

12 香港媒体4月22日 援引美国疾病控制及预防中心专家的最新研究成果称,“非典”病毒在无生命物体表面的存活时间可长达24小时,这比此前专家们普遍所说的这种病毒只能存活3小时要长得多。      

13

14 如何确定病原体与疾病的关系 1、同样的病原体必须在每一个病人身上出现; 2、该病原体必须能从病人身上分离出来并可在培养基中培养成功;
3、从纯培养中取出的病原体接种到健康易感动物体内必须引起与人类相同的疾病; 4、该病原体必须从动物身上分离出来并证明是原病原体。

15 《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》法规定管理的传染病
   甲类传染病是指:鼠疫、霍乱。 乙类传染病是指:病毒性肝炎、细菌性和阿米巴性痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒、艾滋病、淋病、梅毒、脊髓灰质炎、麻疹、百日咳、白喉、流行性脑脊髓膜炎、猩红热、流行性出血热、狂犬病、钩端螺旋体病、布鲁氏菌病、炭疽、流行性和地方性斑疹伤寒、流行性乙型脑炎、黑热病、疟疾、登革热。   

16 丙类传染病是指:肺结核、血吸虫病、丝虫病、包虫病、麻风病、流行性感冒、流行性腮腺炎、风疹、新生儿破伤风、急性出血性结膜炎、除霍乱、痢疾、伤寒和副伤寒以外的感染性腹泻病。 说明艾滋病、炭疽(肺炭疽)属乙类传染病甲类管理。

17 WHO:Virus survival in stool and urine
Virus is stable in faeces(and urine) at room temperature for at least 1-2 days. Virus is more stable (up to 4 days) in stool from diarrhea patients (which has higher ph) than in normal stool where it could only be found for up to 6h.

18 Only minimal reduction in virus concentration after 21 days at 4。C and -80oC.
Reduction in virus concentration by one log only at stable room temperature for 2 days. This would indicate that the virus is more stable than the known human coronaviruses under these conditions. Heat at 56oC kills the SARS coronavirus at around units per 15 min (quick reduction).


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