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Published byGordon Atkinson Modified 6年之前
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潘爱民 2002-11-15 http://www.icst.pku.edu.cn/CompCourse
COM开发 潘爱民
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内容 Win32 SDK和MFC介绍 MFC对COM的支持 用MFC开发COM组件 ATL对COM的支持 用ATL开发COM组件 布置作业
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Win32 SDK: Windows程序结构 入口函数WinMain 应用初始化 主窗口的创建及显示 消息分发循环 程序结束处理
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Win32 SDK对COM的支持 Win32 SDK包括COM库函数的支持
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利用宏描述接口 DECLARE_INTERFACE_(IClassFactory, IUnknown) {
STDMETHOD(QueryInterface) (THIS_ REFIID riid, LPVOID FAR* ppvObj) PURE; STDMETHOD_(ULONG,AddRef) (THIS) PURE; STDMETHOD_(ULONG,Release) (THIS) PURE; STDMETHOD(CreateInstance) (THIS_ LPUNKNOWN pUnkOuter, LPVOID FAR* ppvObject) PURE; STDMETHOD(LockServer)(THIS_ BOOL fLock) PURE; };
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VC提供的用于描述接口的宏
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MFC基础 应用类 窗口类 AfxGetApp CWinApp::InitInstance CWinApp::ExitInstance
CWinApp::OnIdle CWinApp::Run CWnd *m_pMainWnd 窗口类 AfxGetMainWnd
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MFC的消息处理机制 ——消息映射表 在CWnd派生类定义中加入声明: 在类的实现文件中加入表和表项的定义:
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP() 在类的实现文件中加入表和表项的定义: BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(theClass, baseClass) ...... END_MESSAGE_MAP
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消息映射表示例 BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(theClass, baseClass)
//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(theClass) ON_WM_SETFOCUS() ON_WM_CREATE() ON_WM_DESTROY() ON_WM_CLOSE() ON_WM_SIZE() ON_MESSAGE(WM_COMMANDHELP, OnCommandHelp) ON_MESSAGE(WM_HELPHITTEST, OnHelpHitTest) ON_UPDATE_COMMAND_UI(ID_VIEW_STATUS_BAR, OnUpdateControlBarMenu) ON_NOTIFY_EX_RANGE(TTN_NEEDTEXTW, 0, 0xFFFF, OnToolTipText) //}}AFX_MSG_MAP END_MESSAGE_MAP
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MFC应用类型 常规应用:MDI应用、SDI应用、基于对话框程序
DLL应用:静态连接MFC库的正规DLL、动态连接MFC库的正规DLL、MFC扩展DLL 其他应用: 支持OLE服务或者包容器的SDI应用 支持OLE服务或者包容器的MDI应用 支持自动化(Automation)服务的SDI或者MDI程序 ActiveX控制应用(OCX应用)
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MFC库结构
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MFC对COM应用的支持
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用嵌套类实现COM接口 未完 class CDictionary { …… //构造函数和析构函数
HRESULT __stdcall QueryInterface(REFIID iid, void** ppvObj); ULONG __stdcall AddRef(); ULONG __stdcall Release(); class XDictionaryObj : public IDictionary { public: CDictionary * m_pParent; virtual HRESULT __stdcall QueryInterface(REFIID iid, void** ppvObj); virtual ULONG __stdcall AddRef(); virtual ULONG __stdcall Release(); virtual BOOL __stdcall Initialize(); …... virtual void __stdcall FreeLibrary(); } m_dictionaryObj; 未完
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用嵌套类实现COM接口(续一) 续 class XSpellCheckObj : public ISpellCheck { public:
CDictionary * m_pParent; virtual HRESULT __stdcall QueryInterface(REFIID iid, void** ppvObj); virtual ULONG __stdcall AddRef(); virtual ULONG __stdcall Release(); virtual BOOL __stdcall CheckWord (String word, String *); } m_spellCheckObj; private : struct DictWord *m_pData; char *m_DictFilename[128]; int m_Ref ; int m_nWordNumber, m_nStructNumber; };
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用嵌套类实现COM接口(续二) CDictionary::CDictionary() { ....... // Initializtion
m_dictionaryObj. m_pParent = this; m_spellCheckObj. m_pParent = this; }
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用嵌套类实现COM接口(续三) HRESULT CDictionary::QueryInterface(const IID& iid, void **ppvObj) { if (iid == IID_IUnknown || iid == IID_Dictionary) { *ppvObj = &m_dictionaryObj; AddRef(); return S_OK; } else if (iid == IID_SpellCheck) { *ppvObj = &m_spellCheckObj; } *ppv = NULL; return E_NOINTERFACE ;
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用嵌套类实现COM接口(续四) ULONG CDictionary::XDictionaryObj::QueryInterface(const IID& iid, void **ppvObj) { return m_pParent->QueryInterface(iid, ppvObj); } ULONG CDictionary::XDictionaryObj::AddRef() return m_pParent->AddRef(); ULONG CDictionary::XDictionaryObj::Release () return m_pParent->Release ();
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“用嵌套类实现COM接口”原理 CDictionary Vtable for IDictionary
vptr m_pData m_DictFilename[128] m_Ref m_nWordNumber m_nStructNumber QueryInterface AddRef Release …… m_dictionaryObj vptr m_spellCheckObj Vtable for ISpellCheck QueryInterface AddRef Release …… QueryInterface AddRef Release ……. CDictionary的非虚函数
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MFC:接口映射表 CCmdTarget类 CCmdTarget::m_dwRef为引用计数 接口映射表与消息映射表非常类似
接口映射表:记录了CCmdTarget类中每一个嵌套类的接口ID以及接口vtable与父类this指针之间的偏移量 offsetof宏:成员类与父类之间的偏移值
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DECLARE_INTERFACE_MAP
#define DECLARE_INTERFACE_MAP() \ private: \ static const AFX_INTERFACEMAP_ENTRY _interfaceEntries[]; \ protected: \ static AFX_DATA const AFX_INTERFACEMAP interfaceMap; \ static const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* PASCAL _GetBaseInterfaceMap(); \ virtual const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* GetInterfaceMap() const; \ struct AFX_INTERFACEMAP_ENTRY { const void* piid; size_t nOffset; }; struct AFX_INTERFACEMAP { #ifdef _AFXDLL const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* (PASCAL* pfnGetBaseMap)(); #else const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* pBaseMap; #endif const AFX_INTERFACEMAP_ENTRY* pEntry; };
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接口映射表定义 BEGIN_INTERFACE_MAP(CDictionary, CCmdTarget)
INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, IID_IDictionary, Dictionary) INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, IID_ISpellCheck, SpellCheck) END_INTERFACE_MAP()
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接口映射表的宏定义 #define BEGIN_INTERFACE_MAP(theClass, theBase) \
const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* PASCAL theClass::_GetBaseInterfaceMap() \ { return &theBase::interfaceMap; } \ const AFX_INTERFACEMAP* theClass::GetInterfaceMap() const \ { return &theClass::interfaceMap; } \ AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF \ AFX_INTERFACEMAP theClass::interfaceMap = \ { &theClass::_GetBaseInterfaceMap, &theClass::_interfaceEntries[0], }; \ AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF AFX_INTERFACEMAP_ENTRY theClass::_interfaceEntries[] = \ { \ #define INTERFACE_PART(theClass, iid, localClass) \ { &iid, offsetof(theClass, m_x##localClass) }, \ #define END_INTERFACE_MAP() \ { NULL, (size_t)-1 } \ }; \
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MFC版本的字典对象类定义 class CDictionary : public CCmdTarget {
DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CDictionary) CDictionary(); // protected constructor used by dynamic creation DECLARE_INTERFACE_MAP() ...... // IDictionary BEGIN_INTERFACE_PART(Dictionary, IDictionary) INIT_INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, Dictionary) STDMETHOD_(BOOL, Initialize)(); …… STDMETHOD_(void, FreeLibrary)(); END_INTERFACE_PART_STATIC(Dictionary) // ISpellCheck BEGIN_INTERFACE_PART(SpellCheck, ISpellCheck) INIT_INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, SpellCheck) STDMETHOD_(BOOL, CheckWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR *); END_INTERFACE_PART_STATIC(SpellCheck) };
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MFC版本的字典对象类实现 METHOD_PROLOGUE_EX_宏定义:
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CDictionary::XDictionary::AddRef() { METHOD_PROLOGUE_EX_(CDictionary, Dictionary) return pThis->ExternalAddRef(); } METHOD_PROLOGUE_EX_宏定义: #define METHOD_PROLOGUE_EX(theClass, localClass) \ theClass* pThis = ((theClass*)((BYTE*)this - m_nOffset)); \ AFX_MANAGE_STATE(pThis->m_pModuleState) \ pThis; // avoid warning from compiler \
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CCmdTarget类实现IUnknown
public: // data used when CCmdTarget is made OLE aware long m_dwRef; LPUNKNOWN m_pOuterUnknown; // external controlling unknown if != NULL DWORD m_xInnerUnknown; // place-holder for inner controlling unknown // advanced operations void EnableAggregation(); // call to enable aggregation void ExternalDisconnect(); // forcibly disconnect LPUNKNOWN GetControllingUnknown(); // get controlling IUnknown for aggregate creation
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CCmdTarget类实现IUnknown(续)
public: // these versions do not delegate to m_pOuterUnknown DWORD InternalQueryInterface(const void*, LPVOID* ppvObj); DWORD InternalAddRef(); DWORD InternalRelease(); // these versions delegate to m_pOuterUnknown DWORD ExternalQueryInterface(const void*, LPVOID* ppvObj); DWORD ExternalAddRef(); DWORD ExternalRelease();
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CCmdTarget中QueryInterface实现
DWORD CCmdTarget::InternalQueryInterface(const void* iid, LPVOID* ppvObj) { // check local interfaces if ((*ppvObj = GetInterface(iid)) != NULL) { // interface was found -- add a reference ExternalAddRef(); return S_OK; } // check aggregates if ((*ppvObj = QueryAggregates(iid)) != NULL) // interface ID not found, fail the call return (DWORD)E_NOINTERFACE;
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CCmdTarget中ExternalXXX成员实现
DWORD CCmdTarget::ExternalAddRef() { // delegate to controlling unknown if aggregated if (m_pOuterUnknown != NULL) return m_pOuterUnknown->AddRef(); return InternalAddRef(); } DWORD CCmdTarget::ExternalRelease() // …... // QueryInterface that is exported to normal clients DWORD CCmdTarget::ExternalQueryInterface(const void* iid, LPVOID* ppvObj) return m_pOuterUnknown->QueryInterface(*(IID*)iid, ppvObj); return InternalQueryInterface(iid, ppvObj);
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嵌套类内部实现IUnknown的成员函数
STDMETHODIMP_(ULONG) CDictionary::XDictionary::QueryInterface ( const void* iid, LPVOID* ppvObj) { METHOD_PROLOGUE_EX_(CDictionary, Dictionary) return pThis->ExternalQueryInterface (iid, ppvObj); }
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COM引出函数和类厂实现 在AppWizard中选中“Automation”检查框
STDAPI DllGetClassObject(REFCLSID rclsid, REFIID riid, LPVOID* ppv) { AFX_MANAGE_STATE(AfxGetStaticModuleState()); return AfxDllGetClassObject(rclsid, riid, ppv); } STDAPI DllCanUnloadNow(void) return AfxDllCanUnloadNow(); // by exporting DllRegisterServer, you can use regsvr.exe STDAPI DllRegisterServer(void) COleObjectFactory::UpdateRegistryAll(); return S_OK;
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COleObjectFactory 通用的类厂,实现了IClassFactory2接口
COleObjectFactory的主要信息是对象的CLSID和对象的类型信息。 它利用MFC的动态对象创建机制: DECLARE_DYNCREATE 对象方面的支持: DECLARE_OLECREATE(...),定义如下 #define DECLARE_OLECREATE(class_name) \ public: \ static AFX_DATA COleObjectFactory factory; \ static AFX_DATA const GUID guid; \
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MFC中组件对象的创建支持 DECLARE_OLECREATE(...) IMPLEMENT_OLECREATE
#define IMPLEMENT_OLECREATE(class_name, external_name, l, w1, w2, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8) \ AFX_DATADEF COleObjectFactory class_name::factory(class_name::guid, \ RUNTIME_CLASS(class_name), FALSE, _T(external_name)); \ AFX_COMDAT const AFX_DATADEF GUID class_name::guid = \ { l, w1, w2, { b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8 } }; \ 状态结构:AFX_MODULE_STATE,除了一些基本的全局信息,还包括一个类厂表。 DllGetClassObject-〉AfxDllGetClassObject-〉AfxGetModuleState进一步得到类厂表 类厂对象的构造函数和析构函数维护类厂表
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用MFC开发COM应用 利用AppWizard创建COM程序工程框架 利用ClassWizard添加COM对象类
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AppWizard创建COM工程(一)
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AppWizard创建COM工程(二)
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AppWizard创建COM工程(三) BOOL CDictCompApp::InitInstance() {
// Register all OLE server (factories) as running. // This enables the // OLE libraries to create objects from other applications. COleObjectFactory::RegisterAll(); return TRUE; }
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ClassWizard添加COM对象类(一)
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ClassWizard添加COM对象类(二)
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CDictionaryObj声明中加入接口定义
BEGIN_INTERFACE_PART(Dictionary, IDictionary) INIT_INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, Dictionary) STDMETHOD_(BOOL, Initialize)(); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, LoadLibrary)(LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, InsertWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(void, DeleteWord)( LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, LookupWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR *); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, RestoreLibrary)(LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(void, FreeLibrary)(); END_INTERFACE_PART_STATIC(Dictionary) // ISpellCheck BEGIN_INTERFACE_PART(SpellCheck, ISpellCheck) INIT_INTERFACE_PART(CDictionary, SpellCheck) STDMETHOD_(BOOL, CheckWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR *); END_INTERFACE_PART_STATIC(SpellCheck) DECLARE_INTERFACE_MAP()
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CDictionaryObj类实现文件中 加入相应的定义
extern "C" const IID IID_Dictionary = { 0x54bf6568, 0x1007, 0x11d1, { 0xb0, 0xaa, 0x44, 0x45, 0x53, 0x54, 0x00, 0x00} } ; extern "C" const IID IID_SpellCheck = { 0x54bf6569, 0x1007, 0x11d1, BEGIN_INTERFACE_MAP(CDictionaryObj, CCmdTarget) INTERFACE_PART(CDictionaryObj, IID_IDictionary, Dictionary) INTERFACE_PART(CDictionaryObj, IID_ISpellCheck, SpellCheck) END_INTERFACE_MAP()
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类厂支持 在CDictionaryObj声明中加入: 在CDictionaryObj实现文件中加入:
DECLARE_OLECREATE(CDictionaryObj) 在CDictionaryObj实现文件中加入: // {54BF D1-B0AA } IMPLEMENT_OLECREATE(CDictionaryObj, "Dictionary.Object ", 0x54bf6567, 0x1007, 0x11d1, 0xb0, 0xaa, 0x44, 0x45, 0x53, 0x54, 0x00, 0x00)
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ATL介绍 ATL实现COM的机制完全不同于MFC 使用多继承技术实现多个接口 支持多线程 实现QueryInterface用到了特殊的技术
创建对象机制不同于以往的技术 优化
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ATL概况 封装了一些数据类型 实现COM接口和COM对象 窗口的支持 其他COM特征的支持
CComBSTR、CComVariant、CComPtr,等 实现COM接口和COM对象 接口映射表、对象映射表,等 窗口的支持 CWindow、CWindowImpl、CDialogImpl,等 其他COM特征的支持 永久性支持 连接点支持 集合对象和枚举器对象 ActiveX control and container 等
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CComBSTR 封装了BSTR类型 提供了大量便利的字符串操作 在需要BSTR的地方,都可以用CComBSTR来代替 注意owership
构造函数 各种操作符以及一般的字符串操作 对于流(stream)的支持 在需要BSTR的地方,都可以用CComBSTR来代替 注意owership
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CComVariant 封装了VARIANT属性 提供了常用的操作 在需要VARIANT的地方,都可以用CComVARIANT来代替
构造函数 各种操作符以及一般的管理操作 对于流(stream)的支持 在需要VARIANT的地方,都可以用CComVARIANT来代替
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CComPtr、CComQIPtr Smart pointer 优点:
template<class T> template<class T, const IID* piid = &__uuidof(T)> class CComPtr class CComQIPtr { { public: public: T* p; T* p; … ... }; }; 优点: 自动管理AddRef/Release 在大多数情况下,可以当作接口指针来使用 注意:禁止调用“->Release”和“->AddRef”
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CComDispatchDriver 封装了IDispatch接口 除了对接口指针的管理之外,有下面的功能: 属性访问函数: 方法访问函数:
GetIDOfName/ GetProperty/ PutProperty GetPropertyByName/ PutPropertyByName 方法访问函数: by DISPID:Invoke0/Invoke1/Invoke2/InvokeN by Name:Invoke0/Invoke1/Invoke2/InvokeN 两个静态函数: By DISPID:GetProperty/PutProperty
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ATL的类层次 CMyClass CComObjectRootBase CComXxxThreadModel IXxxImpl
CComObjectRootEx<TM> IMyItf1 IMyItf2 CMyClass CComObject<T>等
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CComObjectRootBase ObjectMain static InternalQueryInterface
OuterAddRef/OuterRelease/OuterQueryInterface InternalFinalConstructAddRef/ InternalFinalConstructRelease 其他一些静态函数 联合: union { long m_dwRef; IUnknown* m_pOuterUnknown; };
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ATL对象的线程模型 用到了trait技术 通过编译时刻的类型提供just thread-safe enough
CComSingleThreadModel CComMultiThreadModel CComMultiThreadNoCS 提供了两个静态成员函数和三个typedef Increment、Decrement AutoCriticalSection、CriticalSection、ThreadModelNoCS
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ATL对象实现引用计数 CComObjectRootEx CComObjectRootEx定义了一把锁 用于未被聚合的情况下
InternalAddRef InternalRelease 作用在匿名联合的m_dwRef成员上 CComObjectRootEx定义了一把锁 锁的类型为AutoCriticalSection 对锁的封装ObjectLock,wrapper 用于未被聚合的情况下
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ATL对象实现QueryInterface
Table-driven QueryInterface Interface Map BEGIN_COM_MAP(class) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(itf) END_COM_MAP 表中每一项 struct _ATL_INTMAP_ENTRY { const IID* piid; DWORD dw; _ATL_CREATORARGFUNC *pFunc; };
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ATL实现的接口类 IDispatchImpl IPersistStreamInitImpl
IConnectionPointContainerImpl 举例: template<class T, const IID* piid, …> class IDispatchImpl : public T {…}; template <class T> class IConnectionPointContainerImpl : public IConnectionPointContainer{...}; class CMyObject : public IDispatchImpl<IMyDispInterface,&IID_IMyDispInterface,... >, public IConnectionPointContainerImpl< CMyObject > {…};
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真正的ATL对象类 决定这个COM对象如何被分配,是否被聚合等 区别: 线程模型是以每个类为基础的,per-class,可以封装到基类中
对象的生命周期和身份标识是以每个对象实例为基础的,per-object,要延后到最终的派生类做出决定 CComObject类: template <class Base> CComObject : public Base {…}; 支持聚合:class CComAggObject; 支持聚合: class CComPolyObject; template <class Base> CComObjectCached : public Base {…}; template <class Base> CComObjectNoLock : public Base {…}; template <class Base> CComObjectGlobal : public Base {…}; template <class Base> CComObjectStack : public Base {…};
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ATL对象的创建 两个步骤: 对应于FinalConstruct有FinalRelease 举例: 使用CRT的构造器
CMyClassFactory::CreateInstance() { …… CComObject<CMyObject> *pObj = new CComObject<CMyObject>; …... pObj->InternalFinalConstructAddRef(); HRESULT hr = FinalConstruct(); pObj->InternalFinalConstructRelease(); }
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ATL Creators 每个creator类有一个静态CreateInstance函数: 举例:
HRESULT WINAPI CreateInstance(void* pv, REFIID riid, LPVOID* ppv); 举例: template <class T> class CComCreator { public: static HRESULT WINAPI CreateInstance(void* pv, REFIID riid, LPVOID* ppv) { …… T *pObj = new T(pv); …... pObj->InternalFinalConstructAddRef(); HRESULT hr = FinalConstruct(); pObj->InternalFinalConstructRelease(); hr = p->QueryInterface(riid, ppv); } };
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ATL Creators(续) 其他的creator类有 在CMyObject类中定义一个类型_CreatorClass,例如
CComCreator2 —— 根据pv参数是否为null从两个对象类中择一 CComFailCreator —— 假的创建类 在CMyObject类中定义一个类型_CreatorClass,例如 typedef CComCreator<CComObject<CMyObject>> _CreatorClass; CComCoClass定义: template<class T, const CLSID* pclsid = &CLSID_NULL> class CComCoClass { public: …… template<class Q> static HRESULT CreateInstance(IUnknown* punkOuter, Q** pp) { return T::_CreatorClass::CreateInstance(punkOuter, __uuidof(Q), (void **)pp); } };
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CComObjectRootEx<TM>
聚合情况下对象结构图 CComObjectRootBase CComXxxThreadModel CComObjectRootEx<TM> IXxxImpl IMyItf1 IMyItf2 CComAggObject IUnknown 委托IUnknown 非委托IUnknown CMyClass CComContainedObject
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ATL中对象聚合的实现 template <class contained> class CComAggObject :
public IUnknown, public CComObjectRootEx< contained::_ThreadModel::ThreadModelNoCS > { public : STDMETHOD_(ULONG, AddRef)() {…} STDMETHOD_(ULONG, Release)() {…} STDMETHOD(QueryInterface)(REFIID iid, void ** ppvObject){…} …… CComContainedObject<contained> m_contained; }; 非委托IUnknown 委托IUnknown
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// CComObjectRootBase基类中联合成员m_pOuterUnknown起作用
ATL中对象聚合的实现(续) template <class Base> //Base must be derived from CComObjectRoot class CComContainedObject : public Base { public: typedef Base _BaseClass; CComContainedObject(void* pv) {m_pOuterUnknown = (IUnknown*)pv;} STDMETHOD_(ULONG, AddRef)() {return OuterAddRef();} STDMETHOD_(ULONG, Release)() {return OuterRelease();} STDMETHOD(QueryInterface)(REFIID iid, void ** ppvObject) { …… // 调用 OuterQueryInterface(iid, ppvObject); } …… IUnknown* GetControllingUnknown() { … } }; // CComObjectRootBase基类中联合成员m_pOuterUnknown起作用
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接口映射表项类型 COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_IID(iid, x)
COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY2(x, x2) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY2_IID(iid, x, x2) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_FUNC(iid, dw, func) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_FUNC_BLIND(dw, func) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_TEAR_OFF(iid, x) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_CACHED_TEAR_OFF(iid, x, punk) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_AGGREGATE(iid, punk) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_AGGREGATE_BLIND(punk) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY_CHAIN(classname)
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ATL Servers 功能 ATL实现结构 Register and Unregister all class
exposing class object managing server’s lifetime ATL实现结构 object map CComModule
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Object Map 示例 宏定义: BEGIN_OBJECT_MAP(ObjectMap)
OBJECT_ENTRY(CLSID_DictionaryObj, CDictionaryObj) OBJECT_ENTRY_NON_CREATEABLE(COtherObj) END_OBJECT_MAP() 宏定义: #define BEGIN_OBJECT_MAP(x) static _ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY x[] = { #define END_OBJECT_MAP() {NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL}};
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_ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY定义 struct _ATL_OBJMAP_ENTRY { const CLSID* pclsid;
HRESULT (WINAPI *pfnUpdateRegistry)(BOOL bRegister); _ATL_CREATORFUNC* pfnGetClassObject; _ATL_CREATORFUNC* pfnCreateInstance; IUnknown* pCF; DWORD dwRegister; _ATL_DESCRIPTIONFUNC* pfnGetObjectDescription; _ATL_CATMAPFUNC* pfnGetCategoryMap; void (WINAPI *pfnObjectMain)(bool bStarting); };
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OBJECT_ENTRY定义 #define OBJECT_ENTRY(clsid, class) {&clsid, class::UpdateRegistry, class::_ClassFactoryCreatorClass::CreateInstance, class::_CreatorClass::CreateInstance, NULL, 0, class::GetObjectDescription, class::GetCategoryMap, class::ObjectMain }, #define OBJECT_ENTRY_NON_CREATEABLE(class) {&CLSID_NULL, class::UpdateRegistry, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, class::GetCategoryMap, class::ObjectMain },
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类的注册 缺省生成的工程使用资源进行注册 要求每个类都要提供UpdateRegistry成员 宏: Registry Script File
OBJECT_ENTRY中的class::UpdateRegistry项 要求每个类都要提供UpdateRegistry成员 宏: DECLARE_NO_REGISTRY() DECLARE_REGISTRY(class, pid, vpid, nid, flags) DECLARE_REGISTRY_RESOURCE(x) DECLARE_REGISTRY_RESOURCEID(x) 缺省生成的工程使用资源进行注册 Registry Script File
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类 厂 OBJECT_ENTRY宏包含: DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY_EX宏定义: CComCoClass定义中包含
类 厂 OBJECT_ENTRY宏包含: class::_ClassFactoryCreatorClass::CreateInstance DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY_EX宏定义: #define DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY_EX(cf) \ typedef CComCreator< CComObjectCached< cf > > \ _ClassFactoryCreatorClass; #define DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY() \ DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY_EX(CComClassFactory) CComCoClass定义中包含 DECLARE_CLASSFACTORY()
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类实例的创建 OBJECT_ENTRY宏包含: CComCoClass定义中包含 DECLARE_AGGREGATABLE(x)宏定义:
class::_CreatorClass::CreateInstance DECLARE_AGGREGATABLE(x)宏定义: #define DECLARE_AGGREGATABLE(x) public:\ typedef CComCreator2< CComCreator< CComObject< x > >, \ CComCreator< CComAggObject< x > > > _CreatorClass; CComCoClass定义中包含 DECLARE_AGGREGATABLE(T)
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类厂与类实例的连接 类厂的初始化 把实例创建函数传递给类厂 类厂的CreateInstance方法调用m_pfnCreateInstance
in-proc server,DllGetClassObject out-of-proc server,RegisterClassObject 把实例创建函数传递给类厂 CComClassFactory类具有以下成员: _ATL_CREATORFUNC* m_pfnCreateInstance; 类厂的CreateInstance方法调用m_pfnCreateInstance
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CComModule 全局变量 Init/Term函数 注册功能 提供全局锁功能
ATL inproc server:CComModule _Module; ATL local server:CExeModule _Module; service-base server:CServiceModule _Module; Init/Term函数 注册功能 提供全局锁功能
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ATL实现窗口类的技术 第一次窗口过程为
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ATL窗口类
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编译优化 ATL_NO_VTABLE _ATL_MIN_CRT _ATL_DLL _ATL_STATIC_REGISTRY
阻止在构造/析构过程中调整vptr,由于纯虚基类的vtable引用只是被构造/析构函数访问,所以这会导致链接器优化掉纯虚函数的vptr _ATL_MIN_CRT 不链接标准C/C++运行库 _ATL_DLL 动态链接atl.dll _ATL_STATIC_REGISTRY 静态链接组件注册功能
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字典类的ATL对象 class CDictionary :
public CComObjectRootEx<CComSingleThreadModel>, public CComCoClass<CDictionary, &CLSID_Dictionary>, public IDictionary, public ISpellCheck { public: CDictionary() { } DECLARE_REGISTRY_RESOURCEID(IDR_DICTIONARY) DECLARE_PROTECT_FINAL_CONSTRUCT() BEGIN_COM_MAP(CDictionary) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IDictionary) COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(ISpellCheck) END_COM_MAP()
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字典类的ATL对象(续) public: // IDictionary STDMETHOD_(BOOL, Initialize)();
STDMETHOD_(BOOL, LoadLibrary)(LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, InsertWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(void, DeleteWord)( LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, LookupWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR *); STDMETHOD_(BOOL, RestoreLibrary)(LPOLESTR); STDMETHOD_(void, FreeLibrary)(); // ISpellCheck STDMETHOD_(BOOL, CheckWord)(LPOLESTR, LPOLESTR *); private: …… };
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通过 ATL Object Wizard创建对象
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通过 ATL Object Wizard设置对象名字
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通过 ATL Object Wizard设置对象属性
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