Reading and Vocabulary

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1 Reading and Vocabulary
Module 6 Old and New Introduction Reading and Vocabulary Speaking

2 Discuss the following questions:
How far is the Great Wall of China from where you live? Which is the biggest airport in the country? Is there a dam near your town? Do you know the name of the reservoir that provides water for your town?

3 continent island lake mountain river sea plain ocean coast
Review Geographical terms continent island lake mountain river sea plain ocean coast equator desert range channel strait basin

4 airport canal

5 cliff dam

6 gorge reservoir

7 A __________ is a barrier(障碍物) built across a river to control the flow or raise the level of water.
A_________ is a natural or artificial pond or lake used for storing and controlling water. A _________ is a high, steep, or overhanging face of a mountain. A _________ is man-made river, made to allow water to flow from one area to another area. A __________ is a deep, narrow passage with steep(陡峭的) rocky sides. An _________ is a wide piece of flat land where planes can take off and land. dam reservior cliff canal gorge airport

8 How much do you know about them?

9 The Great Wall of China the longest man-made structure 6,300 kilometres long date from the Ming Dynasty eastern end--- shanhaiguan western end---the town of Jiayuguan

10 Hong Kong International Airport
the biggest civil engineering project of all time took six years cost US$20 billion within five hours’ flying time of half the world’s population accommodate 80 million passengers a year.

11 The Three Gorges Dam the largest hydro-electric dam in the world more than 1.5 kilometres wide across reservoir---more than 500 kilometres long

12 Have you ever visited any of the places in the passage
Have you ever visited any of the places in the passage? What other things do you know about them? What is the most famous place of interest in your town / city ? How much do you know about it? What is the most famous place of interest that you have ever visited? Tell the rest of the class as much as you can.

13 Something made by cutting away material from wood or stone.
It is another word for building. An object or tradition that has survived from a period of time that no longer exists. It is another word for location. It is a place of great importance to Buddhists. carvings construction relic site temple

14 Possible answers: energetic generation history , historic wide poet, poetry merge suggestion energy generate historical narrow poem submerge suggest

15 Read the passage and decide the following statements are true or false.
Mao Zedong once dreamed that there would be a great dam to harness the power of the Yangtze River. The three Gorges Dam will provide enough hydro-electric power for the whole country. The dam will generate a lot of electricity causing much less air pollution. A large number of historical relics have been damaged because of the dam. T F T F

16 What are the advantages and the disadvantages of the Three Gorges Dam?
Do you think the advantages are more important than the disadvantages? The Three Gorges Dam has caused the disappearance of many towns and villages. What do you think of it?

17 Homework Find more information about the Three Gorges Dam to read.
2. Finish off the exercise related to vocabulary and reading in the Workbook.

18 Module 6 Old and New Grammar 1 Grammar 2

19 Read the sentences and find out the differences between them.
The old man that you met at the school gate is a professor. The old man is a professor, who is over 80 years old. The temple which we visited last week dates from Song Dynasty. The temple, which is a place of interest in our hometown, dates from Song dynasty.

20 定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，例如： 　　　This is the house which we bought last month.　　　这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性） 　　　The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.这幢房子很漂亮，是我们上个月买的。（非限制性）

21 2)当先行词是专有名词或物主代词和指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的，例如： 　　　Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了，他曾经是我的老师。 　　　My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.　我去年买的的那幢房子带着个漂亮的花园。 　　　This novel, which I have read three times, is very touching. 这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。

22 3) 非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词, 对其进行修饰, 这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数，例如： 　　　He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me. 他似乎没抓住我的意思，这使我心烦。 　　　Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液态水变为蒸汽，这就叫做蒸发。 说明：关系代词that和关系副词why不能引导非限制性定语从句.

23 I met a man my grandfather worked with thirty years ago.
Read the sentences , find out the meaning of them and underline the relative clauses. I met a man my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. I met a man who my grandfather worked with thirty years ago. I wanted to visit the house that my grandparents lived in. The bus which I took back to my birth place was full of visitors from other parts of China.

24 当引导定语从句的关系代词充当宾语时，可以省略。
当引导定语从句的关系代词充当主语时，则不能省略。

25 Do activity 2 on page 56 and find out the rule of the contraction of relative clauses.
English attributive clauses can be reduced to various phrases such as participle phrases, adjective phrases, noun phrases, prepositional phrases and infinitive phrases. 有些定语从句可以缩略为各种短语，如分词短语、形容词短语、名词短语、介词短语及动词不定式短语等，且句意不受影响。我们称这一语现象为定语从句的缩略。

26 1、缩略为分词短语： 有些定语从句可直接略去作主语的关系代词（who, which, that）和部分谓语（am, is, are，were等，从而使之缩略为现在分词短语或过去分词短语作后置定语。例如： 1） I know the men(who are )sitting in that car. 我认识坐在那辆汽车里的那些人。 2） The boys helped the people (that were )hurt in the accident.  . 那些男孩子救助了事故   中受伤的人们。

27 3） The problem (which is) bothering everybody is the lack of money
4) The book (that has been) given to him is an English novel. 给他的那本书是一部英语小说。

28 有些定语从句不能按上述方法直接缩略，而需变动词为分词。这类定语从句一般缩略为现在分词短语，且在缩略时要考虑现在分词的时态和词态特征。例如： 5） The man who owns that car will be fined for illegal parking →The man owning that car will be fined for illegal parking . 那辆汽车的主人将因违章停车而被处以罚款。

29 6） Bill, who had taken chemistry in high school ,offered to help him
6） Bill, who had taken chemistry in high school ,offered to help him .  → Bill, having taken chemistry in high school , offered to help him. 彼尔在中学学过化学，他主动提出帮助他。

30 Function and Everyday English
Module 6 Old and New Listening Pronunciation Function and Everyday English

31 Listening –1 . listening for the subjects. (5m)
The 1st dialogue: The 2nd dialogue: The 3rd dialogue: The 4th dialogue: 1. A map of China. 2. A film about a dam. 3. The Yangtze River. 4. Students from Vietnam.

32 Listening –2.Note-taking(5m.)
Dialogue 1 The woman is looking for ___________________ as she is trying to find the ____________________ from it . The man recommended a book called ______________________. Dialogue 2 The man saw a film about a dam last night, but it wasn’t about the ___________________ . It was another dam ____________________ and he thought it was ______________________. a map of China Three Gorges Dam Maps of the World Three Gorges Dam in Egypt absolutely fascinating

33 Dialogue 3 The woman took a _________that went up the __________________________ to visit the Three Gorges Dam _________________. And she thought the trip was ________________________. Dialogue 4 The man was writing ____________ to the people from ______________ who he met on the boat. Actually those people were ______________ organized by the government. boat Yangtze River in December absolutely wonderful an Vietnam on a visit

34 The key to activity 2 Egypt Maps of the World December The government
Listening –3.Practice(5m.) Listen and try to finish off activity 2 and 3 on page 57. The key to activity 2 Egypt Maps of the World December The government The key to activity 3 that/ which who/ --- ---- who

35 excellent good wonderful nice boiling hot enormous big freezing cold
Function and Everyday English –1. Matching (4m) Do activity 1 on page 58. excellent wonderful boiling enormous freezing astonished delighted ridiculous fascinating exhausted good nice hot big cold surprised pleased silly interesting tired

36 1. enormous 2. fascinating 3. wonderful
Function and Everyday English –2. Practice (2m) Choose two of them, and make a dialogue with your seatmate. (P58) For example, A: Is it cold outside? B: Cold? It’s absolutely freezing! The key to activity 2: 1. enormous fascinating wonderful

37 Homework Have a revision of Today’s lesson and make up some dialogues about the use of the adjectives. Find some exercise about the relative clauses and non-relative clauses to do and try to point out the differences.

38 Module 6 Old and New Writing Culture corner

39 The structure of the e-mail
Paragraph 1 : the reason why the writer traveled to that places. Paragraph 2 : the changes of that place. Paragraph 3: express the writer’s feelings

40 Discuss the following questions with your partner?
Which place are you going to write about? Why do you want to talk about that place? What changes have taken place in that area? How do you feel about the change?

41 in the past now buildings shops the Bund
Read the passage about Shanghai on page 102 and do the compare the differences in the past now buildings shops the Bund the tallest and most unusual buildings unattractive old buildings fantastic shops full of everything dark and uninteresting an exciting place with its coloured lights narrow

42 Write an-email about the great changes in your hometown and then show your work to the whole class.

43 Cultural Corner-1. Pre-reading(5m) (open answers)
What is the tallest building in the world? What is the tallest building in the US? What is the tallest building in mainland? When were most of the tallest buildings in the world built? When were the World Trade Centre destroyed?

44 Cultural Corner-2. Intensive-reading(8m)
Read the find out the related information about the following figures. 102 1931 6,500 5 500 The Empire State Building is 102 storeys high It was completed in May 1931. The whole building has 6,500 windows. From the observatory at the top, on a clear day you can see 5 US states. Lightning strikes the Empire State Building about 500 times a year.

45 1. How many of the World’s Top 10 tallest buildings are in China?
Cultural Corner-3. Discussion(8m) Read the table on page 59 and answer the questions 1. How many of the World’s Top 10 tallest buildings are in China? 2. How high is the Sears Tower in Chicago? 3. In which year was Jin Mao Building in Shanghai built? 1. 6 of them. 2. 442m

46 in the 1990s and in the twenty-first century
Cultural Corner-4. Language points(8m) Point out and explain some difficulties in the passage. in the 1990s and in the twenty-first century in the construction of the building on a clear day on a foggy day lightning strikes

47 6. The building has 88 storeys. I live on the 9th floor.
7. crash 坠毁，相撞 (to have an accident in a car, plane etc by violently hitting another vehicle or something such as a wall or tree crash into The car crashed straight into a tree.

48 Homework Preparing a news bulletin about changes that have taken place in your region. Get more information about the world’s top 10 tallest buildings .

49 The police tried to hold the crowd back.
1. dream of 向往,梦想 She dreams of becoming famous one day. His dream of being a doctor has come true. 2. hold back 阻挡,控制（情感）,隐瞒 The police tried to hold the crowd back. We tried to hold back our laughter. Tell me the truth – don’t hold anything back.

50 有些科学家正在努力研究怎样利用潮汐发电。
3. harness vt. 利用(河流、瀑布等)产生 动力(尤指电力) 有些科学家正在努力研究怎样利用潮汐发电。 Some scientists are working hard at how tide can be harnessed to produce electricity. 4. providing/provided = suppose = if 假如，如果， 以……为条件

51 The doctor suggested a complete rest. Did he suggest what to do next?
5. suggest+名词 n. 现在分词 V-ing that从句 + (should) do 疑问词 + to do The doctor suggested a complete rest. Did he suggest what to do next? We all suggested that he (should) be taken to hospital as soon as possible.

52 It’s equal to me whether he comes or not. He is equal to this task.
6. equal to n./ v./ adj.等于，相同的，胜任的 It’s equal to me whether he comes or not. He is equal to this task. He is equal to doing this task. Two and two equals four. None of us can equal her as a dancer. He is equaled by no one in kindness.

53 historic 指历史上有重要意义的,也用于形容那些因与历史事件或人物有联系而有名或有趣的事物：
7. historical vs historic historic 指历史上有重要意义的,也用于形容那些因与历史事件或人物有联系而有名或有趣的事物： historical是指不管重要与否而在过去存在的所有事物,也指与历史或对过去的研究有关的事物。 但这两个词并不是截然不同的。它们经常可换用：historic times 或 historical times.

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