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The role of leverage in cross-border mergers and acquisitions

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Presentation on theme: "The role of leverage in cross-border mergers and acquisitions"— Presentation transcript:

1 The role of leverage in cross-border mergers and acquisitions
郝世超

2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION METHORD AND DATA CONCLUSION

3 INTRODUCTION The paper examines the relationship between leverage and cross- border mergers and acquisitions. 我们研究杠杆与跨国并购之间的关系。

4 INTRODUCTION Foreign targets gain positive abnormal returns in the both short run and long run, while acquirers earn positive abnormal returns in the short-run, but negative returns in the long run. We also find that firms adjust their capital structure after the acquisition by issuing more equity if they were overleveraged, or issuing more debt if they were underleveraged before the acquisition. Our results provide international evidence on how leverage affects managerial decision to acquire foreign targets, payment method and acquisition premium in cross-border mergers and acquisitions. 外国目标在短期和长期内都会获得正回报,而短期内收购者获得正收益,但长期收益为负。我们还发现,企业在收购后会调整其资本结构,如果它们被过度杠杆化,则发行更多的股权,或者如果在收购之前被低杠杆化,则发行更多的债务。我们的研究结果为杠杆率如何影响管理决策在跨境并购中收购外国目标,支付方式和收购溢价提供了国际证据。

5 METHORD AND DATA Using a sample of 85,560 cross-border mergers and acquisitions in 57 countries over the period 1990 to 2010. 在1990至2010年期间,在57个国家进行了85,560次跨境并购.

6 METHORD AND DATA Based on the capital structure theory, firms have an optimal amount of debt to equity. Therefore, we calculate firms' target capital structure and examine whether the deviation from the target leverage affects cross-border mergers and acquisitions. We run yearly regressions of market leverage to estimate target capital structure as shown in Eq. The target leverage ratio is the fitted value of the regression. Then, we construct a market leverage deficit variable by taking the difference between actual leverage ratio and the estimated target leverage ratio. We define overleveraged firm when the firm's market leverage deficit falls in the largest quartile and underleveraged firm when a firm's market leverage deficit falls in the lowest quartile. 基于资本结构理论,企业拥有最优的债务对股权的数量。 因此,我们遵循Uysal(2011)和Fama and French(2002)计算公司的目标资本结构,并检查与目标杠杆的偏差是否影响跨境并购。 我们运行年度市场杠杆回归来估计目标资本结构。目标杠杆比率是回归的拟合值。 然后,我们通过考虑实际杠杆率和估计目标杠杆率之间的差异来构建市场杠杆率变量。 当公司的市场杠杆率下降到最大的四分位数时,我们定义了超杠杆公司,当公司的市场杠杆率下降到最低的四分位数时,公司的市场杠杆率下降。

7 CONCLUSION The paper finds that firms with higher leverage are less likely to acquire foreign targets, whereas firms with lower leverage tend to be targets acquired by foreign firms. These effects are more pronounced in Asian countries than North America. Acquisition premium, the likelihood of all-cash offer and the percentage of cash in the acquisition offer decrease with leverage in cross- border mergers and acquisitions. 我们发现杠杆率较高的公司获取外国目标的可能性较小,而杠杆率较低的公司往往成为外国公司收购的目标。这些影响在亚洲国家比北美更为明显。收购溢价,全部现金收购的可能性以及收购报价中的现金百分比随着跨境并购的杠杆率而下降。

8 CONCLUSION This study shows that the interdependent relationship between investment decision and financing decision exists worldwid. 本研究表明,投资决策与融资决策之间存在相互依赖关系。

9 中文简介 我们研究了杠杆与跨国并购之间的关系。
在1990到2010年期间,在57个国家进行了85,560次跨国并 购,我们发现杠杆率较高的公司不太可能获得国外目标,而杠 杆率较低的公司则倾向于成为外国公司收购的目标。这些影响 在亚洲国家比北美更为明显。收购溢价,全部现金收购的可能 性以及收购报价中的现金百分比随着跨境并购的杠杆率而下 降。外国目标在短期和长期内都会获得正回报,而短期内收购 者获得正收益,但长期收益为负。我们还发现,企业在收购后 会调整其资本结构,如果它们被过度杠杆化,则发行更多的股 权,或者如果在收购之前被低杠杆化,则发行更多的债务。 我们的研究结果为杠杆率如何影响管理决策在跨境并购中收购 外国目标,支付方式和收购溢价提供了国际证据。这项研究表 明,投资决策和融资决策之间的相互依存关系在全球范围内存 在。

10 THANKS 我们研究杠杆与跨国并购之间的关系。在1990至2010年期间,在57个国家进行了85,560次跨境并购,
 我们发现杠杆率较高的公司获取外国目标的可能性较小,而杠杆率较低的公司往往成为外国公司收购的目标。这些影响在亚洲国家比北美更为明显。收购溢价,全部现金收购的可能性以及收购报价中的现金百分比随着跨境并购的杠杆率而下降。 外国目标在短期和长期内都会获得正回报,而短期内收购者获得正收益,但长期收益为负。我们还发现,企业在收购后会调整其资本结构,如果它们被过度杠杆化,则发行更多的股权,或者如果在收购之前被低杠杆化,则发行更多的债务。我们的研究结果为杠杆率如何影响管理决策在跨境并购中收购外国目标,支付方式和收购溢价提供了国际证据。  本研究表明,投资决策与融资决策之间存在相互依赖关系。


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