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第1章 單晶片微電腦概論
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1-1 電腦系統五大單元 Output Unit Display, Printer, speaker Memory Unit
功能: 儲存資料 & 程式 Input Unit Keyboard, mouse, card reader, scanner, microphone, camera Arithmetic Logic Unit 功能: 算術運算 - 加減乘除 邏輯運算 - AND, OR, XOR, NOT 條件判斷 - Control Unit 功能: 控制各單元 協調各單元
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Memory Unit 儲存內容: 資料 & 程式 主記億單元:semiconductor memory 1. ROM
儲存內容: 資料 & 程式 主記億單元:semiconductor memory 1. ROM (1) Mask ROM (fabricated with data) (mask = 光罩) (2) PROM (Programmable ROM) (can only be written once) (3) EPROM (Erasable PROM) (Erased with UV) (4) EEPROM (Electrically erasable PROM) (byte- programmable) (5) Flash memory (A special type of EEPROM that is erased and programmed in large blocks) 2. RAM (1) DRAM – 以電容為儲存元件 (2) SRAM – 以flip flop為儲存元件 輔助記憶單元:magnetic disk, optical disk Capacity Speed 主記億單元 小 快 輔助記憶單元 大 慢
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三大單元
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1-2 單晶片微電腦 單晶片微電腦 多晶片微電腦 – 8088 CPU SRAM EPROM PPI Interrupt control
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Bus System A bus with data bits A bus with passengers
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功
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8051 Serial Port (RS 232)
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In-system programming
Traditional During programming (燒錄) MTS-51 Trainer Programmer Personal computer 8051 MTS-51 Trainer : in-system programming During programming (燒錄) MTS-51 Trainer 8051 Personal computer
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燒錄器 Personal computer
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