嵌入式作業系統實作 Implementation of Embedded Operating Systems

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1 嵌入式作業系統實作 Implementation of Embedded Operating Systems
薛智文

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3 Rules in Class Be on time for class, deliverable, … No food but water.
No nap but rest. Ask questions in>between>after classes. Do participate. 13:46 /35

4 市值 2013/06/30 Application Software System Software Hardware 台積電 1307x
宏達電 華碩 廣達 99x 99x 119x Adobe x Citrix x Intel x Semantec 227x Vmware 416x TI x Microsoft 4181x ARM x Google x IBM x Apple 5395x 13:46 /35

5 市值 2013/10/08 Application Software System Software Hardware 台積電 1342x
宏達電 華碩 廣達 57x 88x 124x Adobe x Citrix x Intel x Semantec 254x Vmware 508x TI x Microsoft 4067x ARM x Google x IBM x Apple 6497x 13:46 /35

6 Outline Introduction to Embedded System Introduction to Embedded OS
uC/OS-II Xen OpenStack uC/OS-III 13:46 /35

7 Introduction to Embedded System
src/northbridge/intel/i855/raminit.c 13:46 /35

8 Preface Window 2000, 30M lines. Netscape Communicator 5, 17M lines.
Linux image files directories lines bytes 2.6.4 1150K 13400 960 5.6M 167M 2.4.25 1177K 11000 670 5M 149M 2.2.26 507K 5100 280 2.5M 75M ThreadX 129K 158 1 29K 1.5M uC/OS-II 55K 13 5.5K 0.4M Tinix’ 0.5K 20 Window 2000, 30M lines. Netscape Communicator 5, 17M lines. A 圍棋 program, 0.01M lines. A SOHO router, 0.6M lines. What is Embedded (Linux/system)? 13:46 /35

9 Tinix’ -“自己動手寫作業系統,” 于淵
org 07c00h ; tell the assembler to load onto 7c00, 0100h for DOS mov ax, cs mov ds, ax mov es, ax call DispStr ; call string display procedure jmp $ ; infinite loop DispStr: mov ax, BootMessage mov bp, ax ; ES:BP = string address mov cx, 16 ; CX = string length mov ax, 01301h ; AH = 13, AL = 01h mov bx, 000ch ; page number is 0 (BH = 0) black background red character ; (BL = 0Ch, highlight) mov dl, 0 int 10h ; the 10h software interrupt ret BootMessage: db "Hello, OS world!" times 510-($-$$) db 0 ; fill the rest of sector (512 bytes) with 0 dw 0xaa55 ; end of sector AH=13 mode AL=01 write 13:46 /35

10 電子書包與數位學習輔具分工架構圖 數位學習輔具 電子書包平台結構 開發工具 數位學習平台 數位學習輔具 數位學習平台閱讀 程式SCORM
HTML XML 電子書包教學數位內容 電子書包數位內容 開發工具 Physical Serial USB 1394 IrDA Bluetooth 802.11 教師教學應用軟體 同儕群體應用軟體 教學 / 同儕群體 應用軟體開發工具 電子書包教學應用平台 系統軟體開發工具 (SDK) 相容性測試軟體工具(TCK) 電子書包作業系統 (OS / UI / CM) Protocol SyncML 電子書包發展硬體 ICE DDK 13:46 /35

11 Example Ethernet RS485 Ethernet RS485 13:46 /35

12 在嵌入式軟體開發中採用的作業環境 EE Times-Asia, 2006 Dec
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13 在設計專案中採用即時作業系統 EE Times-Asia, 2006 Dec
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14 在韌體開發中採用的語言 EE Times-Asia, 2006 Dec
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15 在嵌入式應用開發中採用的語言 EE Times-Asia, 2006 Dec
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16 不同工具的重要性及工程師滿意程度 13:46 /35

17 嵌入式設計中前10名軟硬體開發工具 Hardware/software Development Tools GNU compilers
Logic analyzers Compilers IDE Oscilloscopes JTAG emulators GNU debuggers Debuggers ICE Networking protocols 13:46 /35

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19 Embedded System from Wikipedia
An embedded system is a computer system designed for specific control functions within a larger system, often with real-time computing constraints.[1][2] 13:46 /35

20 Where to Embedded? IP (Intellectual Property) Chip Module
SOC (System on Chip) small size, low power Chip MCU (Micro Controller Unit), 70% market DSP (Digital Signal Processor) Module General CPU ARM7TDMI Thumb, Debugger, Multiplier, ICE w/o MMU Pipeline, Cache, Bus, … 13:46 /35

21 ARM CPU 13:46 /35

22 What is an Embedded System?
A system designed to perform a specific function, e.g. eBook, PDA, eWatch, … A combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanical or other parts. Embedded vs. General-Purpose What is a specific function? Is there a limitation? Cost, Robust, Low-power, Small, … Using C + Assembly, Java ? 13:46 /35

23 Real-Time Systems vs. Embedded Systems
RTS ES RTES .Radar .ABS .Calculator 13:46 /35

24 Real-Time Systems Value Time -Value Deadline Soft RTS Hard RTS FirmRTS
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25 Real-Time Systems (RTS)
Proprietary Open Centralized Distributed Firm RTS Soft RTS Hard RTS Embedded 13:46 /35

26 Application vs. Response Time
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27 Embedded System Examples
Computer peripherals Keyboard, Mouse, … Information Appliances Set-Up Boxes, WebTV, … Monitors and Sensors Fire Alarm, Heartbeat Detector, … Controllers in Electronics Refrigerator, Air Conditioner, … Communication Devices Hub, Router, … … 13:46 /35

28 Business Issues of ES Time-to-market for new devices
Design to delivery: in weeks Sustained pressure to reduce costs Many proprietary choices yield low-margins Life cycle management New products overlapping each other Positioning nightmares Open platform choices considered risky? Resources expended on “recreating the wheel…” not on product differentiation. 13:46 /35

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36 ES Technology Issues Need more complex technology integrated for new services broadband, wireless, real-time, low-power, IOT… Multiple emerging standards need to be deployed simultaneously. Product released globally on the same day! Tools, Tools, Tools, … Third party software No one company can do it all anymore Support nightmares Lack of sources from proprietary choices Open sources sound seductive … but risky. 13:46 /35

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