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波與粒子 波的類型 機械波 電磁波 物質波:matter

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Presentation on theme: "波與粒子 波的類型 機械波 電磁波 物質波:matter"— Presentation transcript:

1 波與粒子 波的類型 機械波 電磁波 物質波:matter
governed by Newton’s laws, exist only within a material medium (介質) 電磁波 governed by Maxwell’s laws, require no material medium to exist all travel at c = 299,792,458m/s 物質波:matter

2 橫波(Transverse Wave) Transversal wave displacement ⊥wave (橫波)

3 縱波(Longitudinal Wave)
displacement ∥wave (縱波)

4 波長與頻率 一維波函數具有兩個變數:

5 常見之波動參數 振幅(amplitude) 相位(phase) 波長(wavelength)
角波數(angular wave number) 週期(period) 角頻率(angular frequency) 頻率(frequency)

6 波長(λ)與角波數(k) Why picking the sine wave?
Need a videotape to show it in real time. Wavelength and angular wave number – wavelength (λ): Angular wave number(k):

7 週期(T)與角頻率 (ω) Period(T), angular frequency(w), and frequency(f)

8 行進波的波速 Traveling Wave The wave speed

9 A left-going wave

10 橫向速率與加速度

11 能量傳遞率

12 能量傳遞率–II 1/2

13 反射(Reflection)

14 折射(Refraction)

15 干涉(Interference)

16 波的重疊原理 The Principle of Superposition for Waves Fourier Analysis

17 波的干涉 合成波

18 完全建設性與完全破壞性(干涉) Fully constructive and fully destructive interference

19 繞射(Diffraction)

20 同相(in phase)與異相(out of phase)
(exactly in phase/out of phase)

21 駐波 節點/反節點 node/antinode

22 在邊界反射之相位變化

23 駐波與共振 A string of length L n: harmonic number


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