快速练习 1. Your present is here. 2. The runners went away. 3. The rain came down. 4. The arrow went up into the air. 5. A tiger rushed out from among the bushes.
介词短语 １．A man lay killed in the fire on the floor. 2. A cushion lay next to them. 3. An old woman was at the head of the queue.
倒装(Inversion) 全部倒装－－整个谓语放在主语前 １．当副词away,down,off, out, over, up, here, there 位于句首时． ２．当介词短语位于句首，而主语成为新信息时． ３．当充当表语的形容词、分词位于句首时，而主语成为新信息时．
部分倒装－－助动词＼情态动词或系动词be等放在主语前 １．否定意义的副词和短语，如never, seldom, little, hardly, in no way 等位于句首时． ２．具有否定意义的连词或关联词的一部分，如no sooner, hardly, scarcely, not until 位于句首时． ３．So, neither, nor 位于句首或从句首，并引出一个新的主语时．（so do I) 4. 当从属连词so／such…that中的so位于句首时． ５．Only+状语和not only 位于句首时．
反意疑问句－－助动词，情态动词＋主语 原则：前肯后否，前否后肯 １There be … there 为主语 ２everyone(everybody), someone(), anyone(), no one, nobody ….they 为主语 ３This, that, these, those, …分别it和they为主语 ４I think/suppose/expect/believe/imagine/ 以从句主语为主语
５let’s------shall we? let us----will you? 6. one---one 或he为主语 ７主句为祈使句时，后面will you? Won’t you? Would you? Could you? Can you? Can’t you? 表委婉说法，肯定句后肯否皆可，否定句后只用肯 8. used to ------didn’t 或use(d)n’t 皆可 ９．I am----aren’t I 或ain’t I 10. ought to -----oughtn’t 或shouldn’t 11. I wish---- may I?
12. must得具体看意思 “必须”－－need Must not “禁止”－－－may “一定是”“准是”－－与must 后动词一致 He must keep his word, ___ ___? They mustn’t sleep in class, ___ ___? They must be playing football, ___ ___? It must have rained last night, ___ ____?
13. 含否定副词hardly, scarcely, seldom, rarely, little, few, -----看作否定句,后用肯定形式 １４．句中有带否定前缀的词仍看作肯定句,后用否定形式 如：dislike, discourage, unhappy, impossible, illegal, ... 15. have “有”时 －－have 或do 皆可 助动词have done 时－－have 为其他含义时，----do(does, did)