摄食调节机制 Control of Food Intake 夏 强,PhD 浙江大学医学院生理学系 医学院科研楼C座518室 电话:88206417, 88208252 Email:xiaqiang@zju.edu.cn
摄食活动及相关中枢 摄食调节机制至今尚未完全阐明 摄食的启动主要来自生理需要: 摄食行为一般由摄食中枢和饱中枢控制 食物色香味的刺激 胃肠道的空置 血液中营养物质的浓度降低 心理因素等 摄食行为一般由摄食中枢和饱中枢控制 摄食中枢hunger center:下丘脑外侧区 饱中枢satiety center:下丘脑腹内侧区
Lateral hypothalamus (hunger center): animals with lesions in this area become anorectic and lose weight. Ventromedial hypothalamus (satiety center): animals with lesions in this area overeat and become obese.
营养物质的消化产物具有调控作用 葡萄糖:可能通过增加饱感调控摄食活动 氨基酸:对摄食的调节不如葡萄糖稳定 脂肪代谢产物: 血糖低于一定阈值可引起饥饿感,并激发摄食行为 血糖恢复,摄食停止 氨基酸:对摄食的调节不如葡萄糖稳定 血氨基酸浓度增加可使动物摄食减少,反之摄食增加 脂肪代谢产物: 摄食程度与体内脂肪组织量成反比 FFA及其他脂肪代谢产物增加摄食减少,反之增加
多种神经神经递质参与摄食调节 促进摄食活动: 抑制摄食活动: 去甲肾上腺素,多巴胺,阿片肽,胰多肽,肥胖素(增食因子,orexin),饥饿素(ghrelin)等 抑制摄食活动: 缩胆囊素(CCK),蛙皮素,神经降压素,瘦素(leptin)等
Summary of mechanisms controlling food intake Summary of mechanisms controlling food intake. Peripheral stimuli and inhibitors, release in anticipation of or in response to food intake, cross the blood-brain barrier (indicated by the dotted line) and activate the release and/or synthesis of central factors in the hypothalamus that either increase or decrease subsequent food intake. Food intake can also be modulated by signals from higher centers, as shown. Not shown, peripheral orexins can reduce production of central inhibitors, and vice versa.
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