THE ATTRIBUTIVE CLAUSE (This is English 3) 华亭工作站☆李燕燕

根据大学英语的《大纲》及《考纲》，定语从句是英语学习的重点和难点。本课件内容是把定语从句进行汇总、整理，以便学员更好地理解，训练及运用。

下面看几张图片，并由此引入对定语从句的讲解。 A lovely dog beautiful flowers

beautiful handsome This is a girl who is beautiful. This is a man who is handsome

The reason why they were happy is that our Beijing would be the host of the 29th Olympic Games

定义及其作用： 定语从句是中学阶段英语语法中十分重要的一个语法项目，它在句子中出现的频率很高。对正确理解句子的意义起着举足轻重的作用。定语从句可分为：限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 定语从句一般都紧跟在它所修饰名词后面，所以如果在名词或代词后面出现一个从句，根据它与前面名词或代词的逻辑关系来判断是否是定语从句。

定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。

做题技巧? 关系词及其意义 关系代词 指代人 指代事物 所属关系 指地点 指时间 指原因 who, whom, that, as which, that, as whose where when why 归纳总结 关系副词 做题技巧? 先分析定语从句中缺少什么成分

习题链接： 做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择 恰当的关系词。 1.We are trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and talk. A. which B. that C. where D. when 2. ---Do you have anything to say for yourself? ---Yes, there’s one point ____ we must insist on . A. why B. where C. how D. / 做题要灵活：要分析句子成分，选择 恰当的关系词。

考点一、where 的用法 1.定语从句分别修饰point, situation, part, condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where 或in which引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中” 。 eg. １．我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。 I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him ２．国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。 The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.

考点二、when 的用法 C 1. It was October　_____we met in Shanghai for the first time. 2. It was in October　_____we met in Shanghai for the first time. A. that B. which C. when D. while A (that/which) 3.I will never forget the days ___________ I spent with your family. 注:当表示时间的先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语时,不能用when

考点三：介词+关系词 1. Do you know the boy __ ____ your mother is talking? 2. I still remember the day ___ ____ I first got to Paris. 3. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar. to whom on which with which which / that / 不填 4. He gave me some novels _____ ______ I am not very familiar with. in whose 5. I recognized the boss __________company my sister was working.

解题方法: 介词的确定: ①根据从句中动词的习惯搭配 ; ②根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯; ③根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系.

考点四：as的用法 as that As which as\that\which 1. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _____ nobody can lift it. as that 3. ______ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, _____ surprised everybody in the office. As which 归纳：①as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such, the same, so, as 修饰，即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, 结构，做题时容易忽略。②as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。③as 与which引导非限制性定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用 as, 意为“正如、恰如”。④ as 用于as+主语+谓语或as+被动谓语结构中,如:as we all know, as is well known, as we had expected, as is natural, etc.

模拟训练 ： 1. He is such a lazy man_____ nobody wants to work with______. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to____ place ____ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as

做题技巧? 考点四：as的用法 缺主语或宾语: (1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as, 引导定语从句 ★ 当主句中出现such 或so 时,看后面从句是否 缺主语或宾语: (1)缺主语或宾语,从句前用as, 引导定语从句 (2)不缺主语和宾语,从句前用that,引导结果状语从句 ★ 当主句中出现the same时, 后面从句缺主语 或宾语时与as搭配表同一类事物,与that搭配 表同一个事物

做题技巧? 考点五：the way用做先行词 填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple. 缺状语 that/in which/不填 that/ which/不填 做题技巧? 缺宾语 the way 做先行词时,先看后面定语从句中是否缺少 主语或宾语: 缺少主语或宾语: 引导词用that / which / 不填(缺宾语时) 主语宾语都不缺: 引导词用that / in which / 不填

考点六.综合考查 综合考查一：定语从句与强调句 友情提示 where\that 近年来，高考对定语从句和其它从句如：强调句、名词性从句和状语从句等的综合考查越来越多，这就要求考生有扎实的基础知识和较强的综合分析能力。 综合考查一：定语从句与强调句 where\that 1.This is the library_____I borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library____I borrowed the book. 定语从句 where that 强调句型 3. ---Where did you last see Mr. Smith? ---It was in the hotel____ I lived. A. that B. which C. where D. when

1. We all have heard the news_____ our team won. 综合考查二：定语从句与同位语从句 that/which that 1. We all have heard the news_____ our team won. 2. We don’t believe in the news _________ he told us yesterday. that/which/— 综合考查三：定语从句与表语从句 The place ____ the bridge is supposed to be built should be_____ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. A. which; where B. at which; which C. at which; where D. which; in which ◆

区别方法 ⑴定语从句与同位语从句的区别:在定语从句中,that 要担任成分;when,where,why 前有其含义相当的先行词.而在同位语从句中,that 不担任成分,只起连接的作用,不用翻译; when,where,why 前没有其含义相当的词语. ⑵定语从句与状语从句的区别:定语从句前一定有先行词来引导,而状语从句没有先行词,它所引导的状语从句只在句中充当状语的成分. ⑶定语从句与强调句型的区别:在强调句型中,去掉it is/was 和 that/who 句子仍然成立,但定语从句不可 ⑷定语从句与表语从句的区别:在表语从句中,从句只充当表语的成分,常位于系动词后面.而定语从句前一定有先行词.

综合考查四:主谓一致 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致.注意:“one of+复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用复数,而“the(only/very) one of +复数名词”后的定语从句谓语用单数. eg. I, who am your friend ,will do my best to help you. Tom is the only one of the students who has passed the exam.

巩固 训练 请从下列题的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

吧 1. Along with the letter was his promise ___ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether

2. Luckily, we’d brought a road map without___we would have lost our way. A. it B. that C. this D. which

3. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars ___road conditions need. A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved C. where; improving D. when; improving

5. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. A. while B. that C. when D. as

6. The fact came up ___ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 6 months old. A. what B. which C. that D. whose

7. A decision was made ____ those who wanted to get a job in the factory would not be allowed to stay. A. what B. when C. which D. that

8. The question came up at the meeting ____we had enough money for our research. A. that B. what C. which D. whether

A. why; why B. why; that C. because; that D. that; because 9. The reason ____ he is late is ____ there was a breakdown on the railway. A. why; why B. why; that C. because; that D. that; because

能力提升

1.Honestly speaking, you have got to the point ___a change is needed, or you would fail. A. when B. where C. that D. which B 2.Last year I bought an apartment, ___was reason-able. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose B A 3.Is this the mountain ___at the age of ten? he climbed B. what he climbed C. how he climbed D. where he climbed

D C 4.—Where did you get to know your husband? — It was in the company ___ we worked. A. that B. there C. which D. where D C 5.The TV play brought the time to me ___I was brought up in that village. A. until B. that C. when D. where 6.The pictures remind me of the days ___we spend in Beijing. A. what B. where C. when D. that D