1 Unit Five --- Reading I Eating Habit New Words Examples Exercises Extended Activities Warm—up Text Translation Notes.

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1 1 Unit Five --- Reading I Eating Habit New Words Examples Exercises Extended Activities Warm—up Text Translation Notes

2 2 Text Changing Life-style and New Eating Habits 1. Americans today have different eating habits than in the past. There is a wide selection 挑选 of food available 可得到的 They have a broader knowledge of nutrition 营养 so they buy more fresh fruit and vegetables than ever before. At the same time, Americans purchase increasing quantities of sweets, snacks 点心, and sodas 苏 打. 2. Statistics 统计数据 show that the way people live determines the way they eat. American life-styles have changed. They now include growing numbers of people who live alone, single parents and children, and double-income

3 3 families. These changing life-styles are responsible for 成为 … 的 原因 the increasing number of people who must rush 仓促行事 meals or sometimes skip 略过 them altogether. Americans have less time than ever before to spend preparing food. Partly as a consequence 结果 of this limited time, 60 percent of all American homes now have microwave ovens 微波炉. Moreover, Americans eat out nearly four times a week on the average 平均 数. 3. It is easy to study the amounts and kinds of food that people consume 消费. The United States Department of Agriculture (USD) and the food industry—growers,

4 4 processors 加工商, marketers, 商人 and restaurateurs 餐馆经理 — compile 收集 sales statistics and keep accurate records. This information not only tells us what people are eating but also tells us about the change in attitudes and tastes. Red meat, which used to be the most popular choice for dinner, is no longer an American favorite. Instead, chicken, turkey 火鸡, and fish have become more popular. Sales of these foods have greatly increased in recent years. This is probably a result of the awareness 知道 of the dangers of eating food which contains high levels of cholesterol 胆固醇, or animal fat 脂肪. Doctors believe that cholesterol is a threat 威胁 to human health.

5 5 4. According to a recent survey, Americans also change their eating patterns to meet the needs of different situations. They have certain ideas about which foods will increase their athletic 强壮灵 敏的 ability, help them lose weight, make them alert 机警的 for business meetings, or put them in the mood 心态 for romance 浪漫 艳事. For example, Americans choose pasta 意大利面制品, fruit, and vegetables, which supply them with carbohydrates 碳水化合物, to give them strength for physical activity, such,as sports. Adults choose food rich in fiber 纤维, such as bread and cereal 谷类, for breakfast, and salads, for lunch to prepare them for business appointments.

6 6 For romantic dinners, however, Americans choose shrimp 小虾 and lobster 龙虾. While many of these ideas are based on nutritional facts, some are not. 5. Americans’ awareness of nutrition, along with their changing tastes and needs, leads them to consume a wide variety of foods—foods for health, for fun, and simply for good taste.

7 7 译 文 : 改变生活方式与新的饮食习惯 1 与过去相比，今天的美国人有不同的饮食习惯。有广泛的食 品供他们选择。他们有更丰富的营养知识，使他们比以往任何时 候都更多地购买新鲜水果和蔬菜。同时，美国人购买甜食、点心 和汽水的数量越来越多。 2 统计数字显示，人民生活的方式决定他们的饮食方式。美国 人的生活方式已发生了变化。现在他们中包括越来越多的独居人， 单亲父母和儿童，以及双收入家庭。这些生活方式的变化是那些 匆忙吃饭或少吃一顿的人的数量增加的原因。美国人比过去花在 做饭上的时间更少了。这个结果的部分原因是时间有限， 60 ％ 的美国家庭现在都有微波炉。此外，一般而言，美国人几乎每星 期 4 次外出吃饭。

8 8 3 研究人们消费食物的数量和种类是很容易的。美国农业部 门和食品工业 --- 种植者、加工者、营销者和餐厅经营者 --- 都收 集销售统计并保持准确记录。这些信息不仅告诉我们人们吃什 么，而且也告诉我们饮食态度和口味的变化。过去桌上最热门 的红肉，已不再是美国人的最爱。取而代之，鸡、火鸡和鱼已 更受欢迎。最近几年，这些食品的出售已大大增加。这可能是 因为人们意识到吃含有高胆固醇或动物脂肪的食品的危险性。 医生认为，胆固醇对人类健康是一种威胁。 4 最近的调查显示，美国人还改变他们的饮食模式，来满足 不同的情况需要。他们有一定的想法，知道哪些食品会增加他 们的运动能力、帮助他们减肥、使他们在商务会议上保持机

9 9 警或使他们拥有的浪漫心情。例如，美国人选择面食、水果和蔬 菜，供给他们碳水化合物，增强力量做体力活动，例如体育运动。 成年人选择富含纤维的食品，如面包和谷类来当早餐，午餐吃沙 拉来为工作约会做好准备。而在浪漫晚餐时，美国人选择吃小虾 和龙虾。这些想法很多是基于营养知识，有些则不是。 5 美国人的营养意识，伴随他们不断变化的口味和需求，导致 他们消费各种各样的食品 --- 为了健康、娱乐休闲或仅仅只是为了 好口味。 译者：周荆洪

10 10 Warm--up I. Brainstorming: Discuss about what you eat according to the food kinds given. Meat and Seafood: rib 肋骨, pork 猪肉, lamb 羊肉, beef 牛肉, chicken 鸡肉, ham 火腿, turkey 火鸡, fish 鱼, shrimp 虾, prawn 明虾, oyster 蚝, 牡犡, bacon 咸肉,

11 11 sausage 香肠, steak 牛排, crab 蟹， eel 鳝, hair tail 带鱼, lobster 龙虾, weaver 鲈鱼, cod 鳕鱼, octopus 鱆鱼, squid 乌贼, carp 鲤鱼, mussel 贻贝, sea cucumber 海参, salmon 三文鱼 / 鲑鱼.

12 12 oyster 蚝, 牡犡 prawn 明虾 shrimp 虾 lobster 龙虾 crab 蟹

13 13 Vegetable: green pepper 青椒, onion 洋葱, tomato 番茄, potato 土豆, garlic 大蒜, chive 细香葱 cucumber 黄瓜, melon 香瓜, 甜, turnip 萝卜, carrot 胡萝卜, radish 小萝卜, eggplant 茄子,

14 14 mushroom 蘑菇, celery 芹菜, leek 韭菜, lettuce 莴苣, 生菜, spinach 菠菜, beetroot 甜菜， cabbage 卷心菜, marrow 西葫芦， pumpkin 南瓜, broad bean 蚕豆， lentil 扁豆, pea 豆, cauliflower 菜花, 花椰菜.

15 15 pumpkin 南 瓜 turnip 萝卜 carrot 胡萝卜 radish 小萝卜 Mushroom Rock 蘑菇石

16 16 Fruit: banana 香蕉, apple 苹果, tangerine 橘子, pear 梨, orange 橙, peach 桃, grape 葡萄, strawberry 草莓, apricot 杏, plum 李子, pineapple 菠萝, cherry 樱桃,

17 17 persimmon 柿子, mango 芒果, lemon 柠檬, nectarine 油桃, date 枣, coconut 椰子, watermelon 西瓜, mulberry 桑椹, fig 无花果, meddler 枇杷, pomegranate 石榴, pommel 柚子.

18 18 strawberry 草莓 watermelon 西瓜 peach 桃 apple 苹果

19 19 Dessert 甜点 \ 水果 and Refreshment 茶点 : doughnut 油炸圈饼, loaf 大块面包, toast 吐司, sandwich 三明治, cream cake 奶油蛋糕, hotdog 热狗, bun 水晶包, dumpling 饺子, ice-cream 冰淇淋, Pancake 薄煎饼, pastry 面粉制的糕点, hamburger 汉堡包,

20 20 biscuits / crackers / cookies 饼干, rice pudding 八宝饭, pasta 意大利面, spaghetti 意大利粉, tart 蛋挞, 果馅饼, pudding 水果布丁, jelly 果冻, pie 水果饼, sponge cake with fruit 水果海绵糕, drop 水果糖.

21 21 pudding 水果布丁 biscuits, crackers, cookies 饼干 sandwich 三明治 ice-cream 冰淇淋 hamburger 汉堡包

22 22 2. Ways of coking: fry 炸，煎, fried rice 炒饭, fried eggs 煎蛋 ; boil 煮, boiled eggs 煮鸡蛋 ; scramble 炒, scrambled eggs 炒蛋 ; roast 烤, roast chicken 烤鸡， roast beef 烤牛肉， roast potato 烤土豆 ; bake 烤, baked potato in their jackets/ skin 连皮烤的土豆； mash 捣成泥状, mashed potatoes 土豆泥 ; steam 蒸， steamed rice 蒸饭.

23 23 3. Pairwork: 1) What kinds of food do you like best? 2) What do you think are good or bad eating habits? And how about your own eating habits? 3) How do you like the idea of being a vegetarian? 4) Are the Chinese life-styles changing? If any, in what way? 5) How do you think a person’s life-style affects his or her eating habits?

24 24 Notes 1. single parent: a parent bringing up a child/children on his/her own. 2. rush meals or sometimes skip them altogether: to finish meals fast and hastily, and sometimes even fail to have a meal. 3. red meat: pork and beef are often referred to as red meat; chicken and fish are considered as white meat. 4. eating patterns: recognizable ways of eating. 5. pasta: Italian noodles, such as macaroni ( 通心粉 ), spaghetti ( 细面条 ),and ravioli ( 方形饺 ).

25 25 New Words 1. selection n. 挑选 2. available a. 可得到的 3. nutrition n. 营养 nutritious a. 有营养的 4. snack n. 小吃；点心 5. soda n. 汽水 6. statistics n. 统计数据 7. rush v. 仓促行事 8. skip v. 略过 9. consequence n. 结果 10. microwave n. 微波

26 26 11. oven n. 烤炉 12. average n. 平均数 13. consume v. 消费 14. processor n. （食品）加工商 15. marketer n. 商人或商号 16. restaurateur n. 餐馆经理或老板 17. compile v. 收集；汇编 18. turkey n. 火鸡 19. awareness n. 知道 20. cholesterol n. 胆固醇

27 27 21. fat n. 脂肪 22. athletic a. 强壮灵敏的 23. alert a. 机警的 24. romance n. 浪漫艳事 25. pasta n. 意大利面制品 26. carbohydrate n. 碳水化合物 27. fiber n. 纤维 28. cereal n. 谷类 29. shrimp n. 小虾 30. lobster n. 龙虾

28 28 1. be responsible for 成为 …… 的原因 2. on (the ) average 平均 3. be a threat to 对 …… 具有威胁 4. in a …/the mood 处于某种心态