PROFESSIONAL & STAFF DEVELOPMENT 图书馆员专业发展

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1 PROFESSIONAL & STAFF DEVELOPMENT 图书馆员专业发展
Karen T. Wei 陈同丽 美国伊利诺伊大学亚洲图书馆馆长 Kuei Chiu 邱葵 加州大学河滨分校图书馆 2010年5月 中国 天津 烟台 上海

2 Outlines 演讲大纲 Definition, purpose & needs 图书馆专业发展的定义, 目的与需求
ALA’s core values and competencies in librarianship Responsibilities & skills of a library director Continuing education & training programs Role of the Human Resources Office Hiring, evaluation, and promotion of academic librarians 图书馆专业发展的定义, 目的与需求 美国图书馆学会的图书馆 核心价值和馆员的核心职 业技能 图书馆馆长的责任和必备 的专业技能 继续教育和在职培训 图书馆人力资源办公室的 角色 大学图书馆员的招聘,评 审与晋级

3 Definition 图书馆专业发展的定义
Professional and staff development is the ongoing process that orients, trains, and develops, through a systematic approach, each member of a library organization to work together to serve its customers. It is a more focused form of continuing professional education. 专业人员和职员的发展是一个持续不断的过程。 它透过一个系统的方法，为每一个图书馆的成员 提供培训，使他们熟悉并提升工作能力，以期大 家共同努力为客户提供服务。 这是一个持续专业 教育比较侧重的形式。 *Trotta (1995). Successful Staff Development, p. 2.

4 Purposes 专业发展的目的 更新现有的知识技能 发展新的知识技能 提高员工的能力和服务的品质 提高员工的生产力和有效性
达成工作表现的统一标准 用最好的方法提供当前用户需求的服 务 Update existing knowledge & skills - 更新现有的知识技能 (graduate from the last century) Develop new knowledge & skills - 发展新的知识技能, 特别是信息技术，数据库 Improve staff capabilities & service quality - 提高员工的能力和服务的品质 Improve staff productivity & efficiency - 提高员工的生产力和有效性 （采购，编目） Achieve a uniform standard of performance - 达成工作表现的统一标准 Use the best methods to deliver services that meet current patron needs - 用最好的方法提供当前用户需求的服务

5 Needs 专业发展的需求 图书馆界的快速变化 图书馆和信息技术的飞速进展 服务模式的变化: 从馆藏为中心向以 用户为中心的服务
用户行为改变 馆藏：从纸质到电子资源 Rapid changes in library profession -图书馆界的快速变化 Advancement in library & information technology - 图书馆和信息技术的飞速进展 Changes in service model: from collection-centered to user-centered service 服务模式的变化: 从馆藏为中心向以用户为中心的服务 Users’ behavior change 用户行为改变 Collection: from print to electronic resources 馆藏：从纸质到电子资源

6 ALA’s Core Values of Librarianship 图书馆的核心价值
Access tement/corevalues.cfm ALA’s Core Values of Librarianship 图书馆的核心价值 获取 Access Confidentiality 隐私权 /Privacy Democracy 民主 Diversity 多元化 Education & Lifelong Learning教育与终身学习 Intellectual Freedom 知识自由 Preservation 保存 The Public Good 公众利益 Professionalism 职业理念 服务 Service Social Responsibility 社会责任 The foundation of modern librarianship rests on an essential set of core values that define, inform, and guide our professional practice. These values reflect the history and ongoing development of the profession and have been advanced, expanded, and refined by numerous policy statements of the American Library Association. Among these are: 现代图书馆事业的基础建立在一些重要的核心价值上。这些价值用来界定，明喻和指导我们的专业实践。这些价值观念反映了图书馆职业的历史和持续发展，并已推进，扩大和完善了美国图书馆协会许多政策的陈述。 Access-图书馆直接或间接的提供信息资源都应该是及时地，公平的被读者获取 Confidentiality/Privacy –保护用户的隐私权 Democracy-民主造就明智的市民。美国法律规定人人都有自由表达的权利 Diversity-美国是一个移民的社会，对于多元化很感骄傲，所有的资源及服务都要反映我们服务的社区 Education & Lifelong Learning-教育与终身学习，ALA倡导一个学习的社会，鼓励会员与教育家，政府官员合作，让每个人都能受到终身学习的机会。 Intellectual Freedom-我们坚持知识自由的原则，拒绝任何干涉图书馆资源的提供。 Preservation-支持保存所有的出版品，不论是什麽格式或媒体。 The Public Good- ALA重申图书馆是重要的公众利益，是民主社会的基础。 Professionalism-ALA支持雇用有ALA职业认证资格的人员来提供ALA图书馆的服务。 Service-我们对所有的用户都提供最高层次的服务，换句话说就是以服务为宗旨。 Social Responsibility-ALA意识到他对社会的责任，ALA定义他广义的社会责任就是图书馆界要对社会做出贡献以解决社会的关键问题

7 ALA’s Core Competencies of Librarianship 图书馆员应具备的核心职业能力
Foundations of the profession Information resources Organization of recorded knowledge and information Technological knowledge and skills Reference and user services Research Administration and management Continuing education & lifelong learning 专业基础 信息资源 组织有记录的知识与信息 技术知识与技能 参考与用户服务 研究 行政和管理 继续教育与终身学习

8 Library Director Responsibilities 图书馆馆长的责任
“The library director works closely with the library board to realize the public library mission, develop long range plans, and implement policies for the library’s operations. The director works at the nexus of community and staff. Directors are expected to handle numerous responsibilities.” 图书馆馆长与图书馆委员会紧密合作，以实现公共图 书馆的使命，发展长期规划，并执行图书馆的业务的 各项政策。 加强社区和工作人员之间的联系。 *McCook (2004). Introduction to Public Librarianship, p. 141

9 Library Director Responsibilities 图书馆馆长的责任
Lead the planning cycles Organize human resources Represent the library in the community Oversee financial operations Interact with local, state, & national library entities Develop the library’s fiscal base through development and fund- raising Manage facilities & technology Plan, design & evaluate services 主导规划周期 组织人力资源 是图书馆在社区的代言人 监管经济运作 与当地，本州，及国家图 书馆实体互动 通过发展和筹款以扩充图 书馆的财政基础 管理设施和技术 规划，设计和评估服务

10 Public Library Director Knowledge and Skills 公共图书馆馆长必备的知识和技能
People skills Vision Marketing ability Communication Collaborative skills Technical skills Customer services Problem-solving ability Risk-taking Self-renewal *Sager (Sept/Oct 2001). Evolving Virtues: Public Library Administrative Skills, Public Libraries, p 人事技巧 远见卓识 营销能力 沟通交流 协作技能 技术技能 客户服务 解决问题的能力 承担风险 自我更新

11 Professional Commitment 专业的承诺
虽然馆长设定了图书馆的发展方向,但 还需要馆员努力执行任务，以达成这 个方向的目标。 有效的图书馆服务是取决于馆员的职 业能力。为了实现这个目标，我们必 须不断的通过继续教育和在职训练以 达成任务。

12 Professional development guidelines 专业发展的原则
IFLA Continuing Professional Development and Workplace Learning Quality Guidelines 专业知识的成长，必须仰赖资讯工作者持续扩充他们的知识和技能 *IFLA/UNESCO Public Library Manifesto 1994 国际图联和联合国文教组织1994年发表的公共图书馆宣言

13 IFLA Guidelines国际图联准则
IFLA Continuing Professional Development and Workplace Learning Quality Guidelines --cont. 基本原则 - 持续职业教育和在职学习的责任由个 人，工作单位，专业协会，和图书馆/资讯科技教 育计划 共同承担。 最佳实践方法 - 定期的培训需要评估；广泛的正 规和非正规的学习机会；用于专业发 展的预算至少为0.5至1.0 ％； 10 ％的工作时间应当用于教育 活动和非正规学习项目 Responsibility for development shared by individuals, employing institutions, professional associations, and library/information science education programs Best practice – regular learning needs assessment, broad range of formal and informal learning opportunities, minimum of 0.5 to 1.0% of institutional budget for staff development, 10% of work hours for educational activities and informal learning projects. (Handout of Chinese version of the excerpt)

14 Training and development 培训和发展
确定目标开始进行需求评估 包括一个范围广泛的活动 正规教育 会员服务 会议/研讨会/工作坊 在线课程/远程教育 工作场所学习: 同事，导师，合作伙伴 职位或职业有关 讨论提高工作生活质量 提供个人改进的一种方法 Set goals & start needs assessment Includes a broad range of activities Formal education -Membership services -Conferences/seminars/workshops -Online courses/distance learning -Work place learning: colleagues, mentors, collaboration Can be position or career related Address quality of work life Provide a means of personal enrichment

15 ALA-ALP- Certificate Programs 专业证书计划
美国图书馆学会联盟专业协会是一个非盈 利性组织，促进专业图书馆和其他图书馆 工作者的共同利益 Two certification programs 提供两种专业 证书的项目 Certified Public Library Administrator (CPLA) 公共图书馆管理认证 Library Support Staff Certification (LSSC) Program 图书馆辅助人员认证计划 The ALA Allied Professional Association is a nonprofit organization that promotes the mutual professional interests of librarians and other library workers. The Library Support Staff Certification Program will begin accepting applications for candidacy on Jan. 25.  To be certified, candidates must achieve six of 10 competency sets.   Candidates can achieve these competency sets through participation in an approved course or by submitting a portfolio.    The 10 competency sets are:  Foundations of Library Service; Communication and Teamwork; Technology; Access Services; Adult Readers’ Advisory Services; Cataloging and Classification; Collection Management; Reference and Information Services; Supervision and Management; and Youth Services.

16 ALA-ALP Certified Public Library Administrator (CPLA) 公共图书馆管理认证
CORE (required) 必修 预算和财务 技术管理 组织和人事管理 建筑的规划与管理 ELECTIVES (3 of 5 required) 选修 当前的问题 营销 筹款/基金申请 政治与建立关系网络 服务不同的群体 Core Budget and Finance 预算和财务 Management of Technology 技术管理 Organization and Personnel Administration 组织和人事管理 Planning and Management of Buildings建筑的规划与管理 Electives Current Issues 当前的问题 Marketing 营销 Fundraising/Grantsmanship 筹款/基金申请 Politics and Networking 政治与建立关系网络 Serving Diverse Populations 服务不同的群体

17 Library Support Staff Certification Program (LSSCP) 图书馆辅助人员认证计划
CORE (required) 必修 图书馆服务基础 技术 沟通方式和团队合作 (Teamwork) ELECTIVES 选修 接入服务 编目和分类 馆藏管理 成人读者咨询服务 参考咨询与信息服务 监督和管理 青年服务 Core: Foundations of Library Service 图书馆服务基础 Technology 技术 Communication and Teamwork 沟通方式和团队合作 Electives: Access Services  接入服务 Cataloging and Classification 编目和分类 Collection Management 馆藏管理 Readers Advisory 读者咨询 Reference and Information Services 参考咨询与信息服务 Supervision and Management 监督和管理 Youth Services 青年服务 The 10 competency sets are:  Foundations of Library Service; Communication and Teamwork; Technology; Access Services; Adult Readers’ Advisory Services; Cataloging and Classification; Collection Management; Reference and Information Services; Supervision and Management; and Youth Services.

18 How can the Human Resources Office help? 图书馆人力资源办公室如何帮忙?
支持图书馆的展望 ，使命，目标和服 务宗旨 将重点放在人力资 源的三项职能上： 人员招聘及保留 人员培训与发展 人员绩效管理 Support the Library’s vision, mission, goals, and service priorities Focus on three Human Resources functions: Recruitment & retention Training and development Performance management

19 大学图书馆员的招聘和晋升 Recruitment and Career Advancement of Academic Librarians
馆员和图书管理员(Librarian and Library Assistant) 的差别： 学历要求 工作经验 职务晋升 工资待遇

20 大学图书馆常见职务 Most Common Academic Library Positions
管理人员 （Library Administrator, University Librarian, Department Head, etc. ） 参考咨询馆员 （Reference and Instruction Librarian ） 计算机系统馆员 （Systems Librarian ） 原数据维护馆员 （Metadata Librarian，Cataloger ） 电子文库馆员 （Electronic Resources Librarian） 国际研究馆员 （Area Studies Librarian ） 学科馆员（Subject Librarian） 档案管理员 （Archivist ）

21 大学图书馆馆员的招聘基本要求 Qualifications of Professional Librarians in Academic Libraries
基本要求 （Qualifications Required ) 美国图书馆学会承认的学校毕业的图书馆学硕士 （ALA- accredited MLS) 良好的口头和书面交际能力 相关的大学图书馆工作经验 优先考虑的资历 (Qualifications Preferred) 根据具体工作而定

22 招聘广告一 哥伦比亚大学东亚图书馆馆长 Director, C.V. Starr East Asian Library
Search Re-opened The Columbia University Libraries invite nominations and applications for the position of Director of the C.V. Starr East Asian Library. For more information about library collections and services, see The C.V. Starr East Asian Library is one of the major collections for the study of East Asia in the United States with approximately 840,000 volumes of Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Tibetan, and Western language materials and over 7,200 periodical titles. The Director guides collection development, oversees technical and user services operations, and works closely with faculty and students to help shape the East Asian scholarly enterprise at Columbia. In collaboration with instructional technology, preservation, and digital library program units, the Director expands access to and preservation of the library's many unique materials in support of research, teaching, and learning. The Director develops external fundraising and grants initiatives, implements outreach activities that advance collections and services, and develops and maintains international partnerships and agreements related to East Asian library collections. Reporting to the Associate University Librarian for Collections & Services, the Director serves on the Management Committee of the Columbia University Libraries and represents Columbia at regional, national and international meetings and organizations, including cooperative resource sharing programs for East Asian libraries. The Director manages a materials budget of $2.6 million and leads a staff of 22 FTE. The successful candidate will have: " a strong scholarly background in East Asian Studies " an accredited MLS or PhD in a relevant subject area or an equivalent combination of education and experience " the demonstrated ability to manage in a complex organization, including budget, staff supervision, and planning experience " knowledge of trends in education, research, and the scholarly communication process in East Asian Studies " a commitment to and understanding of technology's role in enhancing information discovery and access " an ability to lead, motivate, and work in a strong team-based environment " an enthusiasm for and demonstrated skill in fundraising " excellent interpersonal and communication skill. One of the world's leading research universities, Columbia provides outstanding opportunities to work and grow in a unique intellectual community. Set in the Morningside Heights academic village, Columbia also presents the unmatched dynamism, diversity and cultural richness of New York City. The University Libraries, grounded in collections of remarkable depth and breadth, are also building extensive electronic resources and services. The Libraries at Columbia are committed to collegiality, professionalism, innovation and leadership. We offer a salary commensurate with qualifications and experience and excellent benefits including 100% Columbia tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with University housing. Columbia will also pay 50% tuition for your dependent child who is a candidate for an undergraduate degree at another accredited college or university. For immediate consideration, please apply online at: The Search Committee will begin reviewing resumes on September 8, 2009.

23 招聘广告二 参考咨询图书馆员 Reference and Instruction Librarian
Institution: Ashland University Posted: January 14, 2010 Location: Ohio Position Description: Non-Tenure Track Website: Ashland University Library seeks an experienced librarian to provide reference and instruction services as part of a three-member reference and instruction team. The position, available April 1, is a 12-month, full-time, non-tenured faculty position that is renewed annually. The successful candidate will teach research and information literacy skills to undergraduate and graduate students on Ashland's main campus and at regional sites. Primary responsibilities will include reference service, course-integrated instruction and collection development. The selected candidate will serve as library liaison to several academic departments, working to develop the collection to support the curriculum of assigned departments and to facilitate faculty awareness of library resources and services. Ashland University librarians are non-tenured faculty members who participate in faculty governance and contribute to service activities of the Library and the University. Requirements include a Master's Degree in Library Science from an ALA accredited institution; demonstrated commitment to student-centered teaching and library outreach; excellent oral and written communication skills; strong public service ethic; a willingness to learn new library and teaching technologies; the flexibility to work evenings and weekends and to travel to off-campus university centers; and the ability to work collaboratively in a team environment. Experience with library instruction, familiarity with concepts of information literacy and pedagogy; web design and Library 2.0 skills, and the ability to plan and implement programs is desired. A subject-area master's degree is a plus. Preference will be given to candidates with three or more years of experience as a reference and instruction librarian. Salary is competitive and commensurate with experience. Review of applications will begin Feb. 1 and will continue until position is filled. Please mail or resume and names and contact information of three references to Ed Krakora, director of the Library, at or Ed Krakora, Reference and Instruction Librarian Search, Ashland University, Ashland, Ohio Submission of portfolios with application is encouraged. Ashland University meets fully its obligation of nondiscrimination under federal and state law and is actively committed to diversity in its workplace.

24 图书馆工作广告的传播途径 Distribution of Library Job Announcements
图书馆专业杂志 (Professional Journals) 学校招聘网页 (Employer Job Listings) 报纸及公共招聘网站 ( Newspaper and Public Job Postings) 专业团体招聘网页 （Professional Organizations) 邮寄名单服务程序 (listserv) 猎头公司 (Head Hunter)

25 馆员的职称 Ranking and Titles of Academic Librarians
馆员职称 助理馆员=助教授(终身轨道) 副馆员=副教授 (终身，连续聘用) 正馆员=正教授 (终身,连续聘用) Titles Assistant Librarian = Assistant Professor (Tenure-track / Potential Career) Associate Librarian = Senior Assistant / Associate Professor (Tenured / Career Status) (Full) Librarian = Professor (Tenured / Career Status / Continuing Appointment)

26 馆员的周期职称评定 Periodical Evaluation of Academic Librarians
职称评定范围 （加州大学系统） 基本专业能力馆内服务 (Professional Competence and Quality of Service within the Library) 馆外专业活动 (Professional Activities outside the Library) 学校及其公共服务 (University and Public Service) 研究以及创造性活动 (Research and Creative Activities)

27 馆员评定的程序及文件准备 Academic Review Process and Documentation
自述 参考信 直接上司 （部门主任）评语 主管评语 馆长评语 互评委员会/临时评审委员会 主管人事副校长签字 查阅评定文件以及申诉

28 大学图书馆员的工资和福利待遇 Salaries and Benefits of Academic Librarians
基本工资 医疗保险 休假 退休 其他福利（学费减免，等）

29 加州大学图书馆员职称工资 Salary Scale of UC Librarian Series

30 Some Myths on Career Advancement of Academic Librarians
大学图书馆员职业成长中的几个迷思 Some Myths on Career Advancement of Academic Librarians 有教授职称好 ,还是没有教授职称好 ? 读了图书管理硕士(MLS)的图书管理员能不能做馆员? 人往低处走 水往高处流: 加州图书馆人才流动中的难题.

31 Thank You! 谢谢! Karen T. Wei 陈同丽 Head, Asian Library
Professor of Library Administration University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 伊利诺伊大学亚洲馆 馆长, 教授 邱葵 University of California Riverside 加州大学河滨分校图书馆