大使命是福音的基礎 2012年7月8日 李道基牧師 Rev. Douglas Vovrosky.

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1 大使命是福音的基礎 2012年7月8日 李道基牧師 Rev. Douglas Vovrosky

2 馬太福音 28:16-20 太 28:16 十一個門徒往加利利去、到了耶穌約定的山上。17 他們見了耶穌就拜他．然而還有人疑惑。18 耶穌進前來、對他們說、天上地下所有的權柄、都賜給我了。19 所以你們要去、使萬民作我的門徒、奉父子聖靈的名、給他們施洗．20 凡我所吩咐你們的、都教訓他們遵守我就常與你們同在、直到世界的末了。

3 十一個門徒往加利利去、到了耶穌約定的山上。
這是十一個使徒的故鄉 加利利是福音出生之地 Luk 4:16 耶穌來到拿撒勒、就是他長大的地方．在安息日、照他平常的規矩、進了會堂、站起來要念聖經。 Luk 4:17 有人把先知以賽亞的書交給他、他就打開、找到一處寫著說、 Luk 4:18 『主的靈在我身上、因為他用膏膏我、叫我傳福音給貧窮的人．差遣我報告被擄的得釋放、瞎眼的得看見、叫那受壓制的得自由、 Luk 4:19 報告　神悅納人的禧年。』 以賽亞書: 9:1但那受過痛苦的、必不再見幽暗。從前　神使西布倫地、和拿弗他利地被藐視．末後卻使這沿海的路、約但河外、外邦人的加利利地、得著榮耀。 馬太福音: 4:15 說、『西布倫地、拿弗他利地、就是沿海的路、約但河外、外邦人的加利利地。 加利利也叫做外邦人的加利利

4 I. 福音是什麼？ Euangelion 是好消息 關於神藉著耶穌基督賜給我們的救恩。
“日期滿了、　神的國近了．你們當悔改、信福音。” 可 1:15 耶穌的講道和醫治病人就證明了神國福音（好消息）已經來到了。 (太4:23;9:35;24:14). Euangelion is the “goodnews” about the salvation of God has provided through Jesus Christ. The Gospel is “the power of God for the salvation of everyone who believes” (Rom. 1:16). In addition, it has to do with the fulfillment of the OT promise of the coming Kingdom of God. For this reason, Jesus announces, “the time has come, the kingdom of God is near. Repent and believe the good news” (Mk 1:15). Jesus’ preaching is associated with healings were are proof of the good news that the kingdom of God has arrived (Mt. 4:23;9:35;24:14). The NT speaks of the gospel in a way that describes its benefits: it is “the gospel of God’s grace”(Acts 20:24), “the gospel of salvation” (Eph. 1:13), “the gospel of peace” (6:19), and the gospel that holds out hope (Col. 1:23). The gospel is worth dying for (Mk. 8:35). The gospel is intended to be preached in order to announce God’s salvation in Christ and to elicit a response from those who hear it (Mt. 26:13; Mk. 1:14; 1 Cor. 9:14a; 2 Cor. 2:12; 1 Thess. 2:9). It is to be preached to all nations (Mt. 24:14; mk. 13:10; 16:15; Acts 15:7; Rev. 14:6). Paul sometimes uses euangelion to denote the work of evangelism ( 1Thess. 3:2) He suffers for the Gospel (1 Cor. 9:12; 2 Tim. 1:8; see also Phil 1:12) and becomes all things to all people for the sake of the Gospel (1 Cor. 9:23) . Euangelion also sometimes refers to the subject matter of the gospel (2 Cor. 4:4; Phil 1:7; 1 Thess. 2:2,8,9; 2 Thess. 2:14). Paul reminds the Corinthains of the content of the gospel he preached to them: Christ died, was buried, and was raised on the third day (1 Cor. 15:1,2; see also 2 Tim. 2:8). The content of the gospel is truth (Gal. 2:5; Col. 1:5) and is meant to be confessed (2 Cor. 9:13), and those who don’t obey it will be punished (2 Thess. 1:8; 1 Pet. 4:17). Through the Gospel message the Gentiles become part of the people of God (Eph 3:6). By contrast, most Jews do not receive the “good news” but reject Chrsit, in fulfillment of the OT prophecy (Isaiah 53:1 IN Rom. 10:16). The word euangelion was not invented by the gospel writers but was already in use in the Roman world, euangelion. It referred to an announcement of “glad tidings” regarding a birthday, rise to power, or decree of the emperor that was to herald the fulfillment of hopes for peace and wellbeing in all the world. Mark redefines this concept of “glad tidings” by introducing his Gospel with the phrase, “the beginning of the good news of Jesus Christ,” implying that it is really the birth and subsequent actions of Jesus that will change the face of the world in a cosmic way that no early king could ever do. Jesus Christ, the Son of God, brings true the lasting well-being and peace to the world, in fulfillment of OT hope.1 [1] William D. Mounce Ed. Mounce’s Complete Expository Discionary of Old and New Testament Words. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan p

5 A. 這福音跟你有什麼關係 福音（好消息）應該傳給萬民 福音的內容是真理（加 2：5；西 1：5） 人要為福音作見證 （林後 9：13）。
不遵守福音的人要受審判（帖後 1：8；彼前 4：17） 藉著福音外邦人能成為神的子民（弗 3：6）

6 B. 因為福音門徒們崇拜復活的主 太 28:17 “他們見了耶穌就拜他”
抹大拉的馬利亞 The Violinist Study By: admin Fritz Kreisler ( ), the world-famous violinist, earned a fortune with his concerts and compositions, but he generously gave most of it away. So, when he discovered an exquisite violin on one of his trips, he wasn’t able to buy it. Later, having raised enough money to meet the asking price, he returned to the seller, hoping to purchase that beautiful instrument. But to his great dismay it had been sold to acollector. Kreisler made his way to the new owner’s home and offered to buy the violin. The collector said it had become his prized possession and he would not sell it. Keenly disappointed, Kreisler was about to leave when he had an idea. “Could I play the instrument once more before it is consigned to silence?” he asked. Permission was granted, and the great virtuoso filled the room with such heart-moving music that the collector’s emotions were deeply stirred. “I have no right to keep that to myself,” he exclaimed. “It’s yours, Mr. Kreisler. Take it into the world, and let people hear it.” Our Daily Bread, February 4, 1994 Luke 7:47 47 Wherefore I say unto thee, Her sins, which are many, are forgiven; for she loved much: but to whom little is forgiven, the same loveth little. KJV Luk 7:47 所以我告訴你、他許多的罪都赦免了．因為他的愛多．但那赦免少的、他的愛就少。

7 C。耶穌進前來 “對他們說” 太 28:18 神把使命給了挪亞。創 6:13 神把使命給了摩西。出 3：10 神把使命給了約書亞。書 6：2
神把使命給了基甸. 士 6：14 神把使命給了大衛. 王前8：19 現在神把使命給你和我。 太18:11 〔人子來為要拯救失喪的人〕 Gen 6:13 　神就對挪亞說、凡有血氣的人、他的盡頭已經來到我面前、因為地上滿了他們的強暴、我要把他們和地一併毀滅。 Exo 3:10 故此我要打發你去見法老、使你可以將我的百姓以色列人從埃及領出來。 Jos 6:2 耶和華曉諭約書亞說、看哪、我已經把耶利哥、和耶利哥的王、並大能的勇士、都交在你手中。 Jug 6:14 耶和華觀看基甸、說、你靠著你這能力去從米甸人手裡拯救以色列人．不是我差遣你去的麼。 1Ki 8:17 所羅門說、我父大衛曾立意、要為耶和華以色列　神的名建殿。 1Ki 8:18 耶和華卻對我父大衛說、你立意為我的名建殿、這意思甚好。 1Ki 8:19 只是你不可建殿、惟你所生的兒子必為我名建殿。 太 28:19- 20所以你們要去、使萬民作我的門徒、奉父子聖靈的名、給他們施洗．凡我所吩咐你們的、都教訓他們遵守我就常與你們同在、直到世界的末了。

8 D. 有一些門徒們懷疑耶穌的復活 太 28：17 “然而還有人疑惑。” 祂在耶路撒冷向十個人顯現 （路 24:36-43）
太 28： “然而還有人疑惑。” 祂在耶路撒冷向十個人顯現 （路 24:36-43） 祂在耶路撒冷向十一個人顯現（約 20:26-31) 祂在加利利海邊向七個人顯現(約 21:1-25) 太28： “然而還有人疑惑。” 祂在耶路撒冷向十個人顯現Appearance to the ten Jerusalem Luke 24:36-43 祂在耶路撒冷向十一個人顯現Appearance to the eleven Jerusalem John 20:26-31 祂在加利利海邊向七個人顯現Appearance to the seven Sea of Galilee Jn 21:1-25 祂在加利利的一座山上向是一個人顯現Appearance to the eleven a mountain in Galilee Matthew 28:16-20; Mark 16:15-18 祂在橄欖山上向是一個人顯現Appearance to the eleven from mount of Olives Luke 24:44-49; Acts 1:3-8 祂在加利利的一座山上向十一個人顯現（太28:16-20; 可 16:15-18） 祂在橄欖山上向是十一個人顯現（路 24:44-49; 徒1:3-8）

9 II.耶穌把大使命給使徒們 的時候叫他們回到他們信心的基礎。
啟 2:1 你要寫信給以弗所教會的使者、說、那右手拿著七星、在七個金燈臺中間行走的、說、2 我知道你的行為、勞碌、忍耐、也知道你不能容忍惡人、你也曾試驗那自稱為使徒卻不是使徒的、看出他們是假的來。3 你也能忍耐、曾為我的名勞苦、並不乏倦。 4 然而有一件事我要責備你、就是你把起初的愛心離棄了。5 所以應當回想你是從那裡墜落的、並要悔改、行起初所行的事． 乏倦 fa 2 juan4 lack tired In giving the Great Commission Jesus was calling His disciples back to the Basics of their faith. Rev 2:1-7 "To the angel of the church in Ephesus write: 4 Yet I hold this against you: You have forsaken your first love. 5 Remember the height from which you hve fallen! Repent and do the things you did at first. If you do not repent, I will come to you and remove your lampstand from its place.

10 A. 耶穌提醒門徒們說 “天上地下所有的權柄、都賜給我了”
耶穌在服侍眾人的時候需要權柄 趕鬼 醫治病人 叫海平靜 耶穌難道在服侍眾人沒有這些權柄嗎？Had authority not been given Christ before when He was ministering on the earth? 祂所趕的鬼不是要用祂的權柄作嗎？All the deliverances 祂所醫治的病人不是要靠權柄做嗎？All of the healings 祂叫海平靜不是要權柄嗎？The calming of the seas 祂給5000人吃包飯不是用祂的禱告權嗎？The feeding of thousands. 祂反駁法力賽人的控告不是靠權柄嗎？The shuting down of the attadcking Pharisees, scribes, and Sadducees.. 給5000/4000人吃包飯 反駁法力賽人的控告 叫人從死裡復活

11 1）耶穌基督的權柄 主禱文說：“不叫我們遇見試探．救我們脫離兇惡。因為國度、權柄、榮耀、全是你的直到永遠、阿們。
祂在世界裡面服侍的時候我們也看過祂的權柄： 太 24:35 天地要廢去、我的話卻不能廢去。 太 9:6 但要叫你們知道人子在地上有赦罪的權柄、就對癱子說、起來、拿你的褥子回家去罷 The authority of Jesus Messiah has already been heavily stressed in this Gospel (e.g. 7:29; 10:1, 7-8;11:27;22:43-44; 24:35; cf. John 17:2) Therefore it is incautious, if not altogether wrong, to claim that the Resurrection conferred on Jesus an authority incomparably greater than what he enjoyed before his crucifixion. The truth is more subtle. It is not that anything he teaches or does during the days of his flesh is less authoritative than what he news says or does; even during his ministry his words, like God’s, cannot pass away (24:35); and he like God forgives sin (9:6). It is not Jesus’ authoritiy per se that becomes more absolute. Rather, the spheres in which he now exercises absolute authority are enlarged to include all heave and earth, i.e. the universe. This authority has been “given’ him by the Father; and so, of course, the Father is exempt from the Son’s authority (cf. 1 Cor 15:27-28). The Son bcomes the one through whom all God’s authority is mediated. He is , as it were, the mediatorial King. This well-defined exercise of authority is given Jessu as the climactic vindication of his hujmiliation (cf.Phol 2:5-11); and it marks a turning point in redemptive history, for Messiah’s kingdom (i.e. his “king-dominion,” the exercise of his divine and saving authority; see on 3:2; 13:27-29) has downed in new power. This is still clearer if we accept the view that there is a conscious allusion here to Daniel 7:13-14; the Son of Man, once humiliated and suffereing, is given univsersl authority (same word in LXX).[1] Page [1] D. A. Carson. Matthew . Frank Gaebelien Ed. The Expositior’s Bible Commentary (Vol 2 Matthew 13-28). Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan, 1995. 主禱文說：“不叫我們遇見試探．救我們脫離兇惡。因為國度、權柄、榮耀、全是你的直到永遠、阿們。

12 2）耶穌的權柄 約 1:12 凡接待他的、就是信他名的人、他就賜他們權柄、作 神的兒女。
約 1:12 凡接待他的、就是信他名的人、他就賜他們權柄、作　神的兒女。 路 10:19 我已經給你們權柄、可以踐踏蛇 和蠍子、又勝過仇敵一切的能力、斷沒有甚麼能害你們。 林後 5:19 這就是　神在基督裡、叫世人與自己和好、不將他們的過犯歸到他們身上．並且將這和好的道理託付了我們。20 所以我們作基督的使者、就好像　神藉我們勸你們一般．我們替基督求你們與　神和好。

13 B.受浸的重要性 “給他們施浸” 奉父子聖靈的名給他們施浸。 三位一體神都參與在人類的救贖工作裡面 天父差遣祂的獨生子耶穌基督來世界
兒子耶穌基督捨去祂自己的生命為罪人 聖靈吸引人來到耶穌面前得救

14 奉父子聖靈的名，給他們施浸 太 3:15 耶穌回答說、你暫且許我．因為我們理當這樣盡諸般的義．於是約翰許了他。
16 耶穌受了浸、隨即從水裡上來． 天忽然為他開了、他就看見　神的靈、彷彿鴿子降下、落在他身上。 The triple formula containing Father (or God), Son (or Christ) and Spirit occurse frequently in the NT (cf. 1 Cor 12:4-6; 2 Cor 13:14; Eph 4:4-6; 2 Thess 2: Peter 1:2; Rev. 1:4-6). Page 598 17 從天上有聲音說、這是我的愛子、我所喜悅的。

15 C. 做門徒 耶穌的教導有五件主要重點 耶穌門徒們的目的是要使所有的人作門徒。 不是因為受過浸或受過教導就做門徒。耶穌的門徒是跟從耶穌的人。
傳福音的結果應該使人認罪,悔改,信主; 作門徒的部分是要講道和回應所聽的福音。 C. 做門徒 DISCIPLESHIP Baptizing and teaching are not the means of making disciples, but they characterize it. Envisaged is that proclamation of the Gospel that will result in repentance and faith, for matheteuo (I disciple) entails both preaching and response. The response of discipleship is baptism and instruction. Therefore baptism and teaching are not coordinate –either grammaticallyh or conceptually—with the action of making disciples. The New Testament can scarcely coneive of a disciple who is not baptized or is not instructed. Indeed, the force of this command is to make Jesus’ disciples responsible for making disciples of others, a task characterized by baptism and instruction. Page 597 耶穌門徒們的目的是沒有區別的使所有的人變成門徒，分，The aim of Jesus’ disciples, therefore, is to make disciples of all men everywhere, without distinction 他們不用洗禮和教導使人做門徒，但洗禮和教導是門徒的特徵 Baptizing and teaching are not the means of making disciples, but they characterize it 傳講福音的結果應該使人認罪悔改信主，作門徒的部分是講道和回應所聽的福音。Envisaged is that proclamation of the Gospel that will result in repentance and faith, for matheteuo (I disciple) entails both preaching and response. , 耶穌在這裡的命令是要叫祂的門徒們為使別人做門徒的工作有責任。做門徒的特徵是洗禮和教導。the force of this command is to make Jesus’ disciples responsible for making disciples of others, a task characterized by baptism and instruction 耶穌的教導有五件主要重點

16 1). 焦點是在耶穌基督的命令上，不是在猶太人的律法上
VS The focus is on Jesus’ commands, not the OT law. Jesus’ words, like the words of Scripture, are more enduring than heaven and earth (24:35); and the peculiar expression “everything that I commanded you” is reminiscent of the authority of Yahweh (Exodus 29:35; Deut 1:3, 41:7-11,14) This confirms our exegesis of 5: The revelation of Jesus Mssiah at this late stage in salvation history brings the fulfillment of everything to which the OT Scriptures pointed and constitutes their valid continuity; but this means that the focus is necessarily on Jesus. Page

17 聖經與律法 加 2:15 我們這生來的猶太人、不是外邦的罪人，16 既知道人稱義、不是因行律法、乃是因信耶穌基督、連我們也信了基督耶穌、使我們因信基督稱義、不因行律法稱義．因為凡有血氣的、沒有一人因行律法稱義。

18 2). 耶穌的教導永不止息，永遠不陳舊，永遠不被取代，永遠不改變。
太 24:35 天地要廢去、我的話卻不能廢去。 太 28:20 凡我所吩咐你們的、都教訓他們遵守我就常與你們同在、直到世界的末了。

19 3). 門徒們要教的教導不只是教條而已，而且也是要叫人遵守神的命令。
約 14:21 有了我的命令又遵守的、這人就是愛我的．愛我的必蒙我父愛他、我也要愛他、並且要向他顯現。 John 14:21Whoever has my commands and obeys them, he is the one who loves me. He who loves me will be loved by my Father, and I too will love him and show myself to him." NIV

20 4). 耶穌基督的福音要一代傳一代一直到耶穌基督的再來
提後 2:2 你在許多見證人面前聽見我所教訓的、也要交託那忠心能教導別人的人。 連續幾代要繼續傳下耶穌基督的福音So a means is provided for successive generations to remain in contact with Jesus’ teachings It then follows that by carefully passing on everything Jesus taught, the first disciples—themselves eyewitnesses—call into being new genearations of “earwitnesses” (O’Brien, pp 264ff) These in turn pass on the truth they received. (cf. 2 Tim 2:2) Page 599

21 5).耶穌的命令之一 “凡我所吩咐你們的、都教訓他們遵守”
門徒要以訓練門徒，給人施洗和教導世界的萬民為事。 5).耶穌的命令之一“凡我所吩咐你們的、都教訓他們遵守one of Jesus’ commands is to teach all he commands. 門徒若不訓練，施洗和教導世界的萬民，那就是我們自己作門徒的失敗。Failure to disciple, baptize and teach peoples of the world is already itself one of the failures of our own discipleship. Page 599

22 D. “都教訓他們遵守，我就常與你們同在、直到世界的末了。”
馬太不是用命令結束他的福音，他乃用耶穌安慰的應許結束它。 The Gospel ends, not with a command, but with the promise of Jesus’ comforting presence, which , if not make explicityly conditional on the disciples’ obedience to the Great commission, is at least closely tied to it. “Surely” captures the force of the idou here (see on 1:20); he who is introduced to us in the prologue as Immanuel, God with us (1:23; cf. also 18:20) is still God with us “to the very end of the age.” [The whole of every day]. Not just the horizon is in view, but each day as we live it. This continues to the end of the age (for this expression, see on 13:39-40;49;23:3;cf. Heb 9:26)—the end of history as we know it, when the kingdom will be consummated. The period between the commission and the consummation is of indefinite langth; but whatever its duration, it is the time of the church’s mission and of preliminary enjoyment of her Lord’s presence. Page 599. D.都教訓他們遵守我就常與你們同在、直到世界的末了。 He is with us to the end of the age. 這句話就會解決一切到永遠。This will settle the matter once and for all, forever more. So importance is this command that one must give his or her all to the task of accomplishing it. 馬太不是用命令結束他的福音書，他乃是用耶穌安慰的應許結束。The Gospel ends, not with a command, but with the promise of Jesus’ comforting presence, 馬太福音的結束期待宣教和教導會繼續傳下去。Matthew’s Gospel ends with the expectation of continued mission and teaching. 馬太福音的結束期待宣教和教導工作繼續傳下去。

23 III. “所以你們要去” ‘耶穌的使徒們都去了’
巴多羅買 – 伊朗和印度 亞勒腓的兒子雅各 – 埃及 安得烈 -- 希臘 彼得 – 羅馬 約翰 – 以弗所 多馬 –伊朗和印度 西庇太的兒子雅各– 西班牙 腓力 –土耳其 馬太 –伊朗和埃塞俄比亞 達太 –土耳其 奮銳黨的西門 –毛里塔尼亞和英國

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26 結論 林前 15:55 死阿、你得勝的權勢在那裡．死阿、你的毒鉤在那裡．56 死的毒鉤就是罪．罪的權勢就是律法。57 感謝　神、使我們藉著我們的主耶穌基督得勝。 Zhè shì yīgè shēngsǐyōuguān de wèntí 1 Cor 15: "Where, O death, is your victory? Where, O death, is your sting?" 56 The sting of death is sin, and the power of sin is the law. 57 But thanks be to God! He gives us the victory through our Lord Jesus Christ. NIV Love Of Christ Study By: admin When Hudson Taylor was director of the China Inland Mission, he often interviewed candidates for the mission field. On one occasion, he met with a group of applicants to determine their motivations for service. "And why do you wish to go as a foreign missionary"? he asked one. "I want to go because Christ has commanded us to go into all the world and preach the gospel to every creature,? was the reply. Another said, "I want to go because millions are perishing without Christ.? Others gave different answers. Then Hudson Taylor said, "All of these motives, however good, will fail you in times of testings, trials, tribulations, and possible death. There is but one motive that will sustain you in trial and testing; namely, the love of Christ?. A missionary in Africa was once asked if he really liked what he was doing. His response was shocking. 'do I like this work"? he said. "No. My wife and I do not like dirt. We have reasonable refined sensibilities. We do not like crawling into vile huts through goat refuse...But is a man to do nothing for Christ he does not like? God pity him, if not. Liking or disliking has nothing to do with it. We have orders to "Go,? and we go. Love constrains us.'