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Welcome
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Unit 10 American literature
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American literature Native Americans Pioneers slavery the Civil War
Important themes Native Americans 印第安人 Pioneers 西进的移民 American literature slavery 奴隶制 the Civil War 美国内战
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印第安人 印第安人的文化兴起于欧洲人发现美国新大陆的时候
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印第安人 在向大自然的斗争中创造了自己的文化, 主要是民间口头创作,包括神话传说和英雄传说
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早期移民的文化, 开始时文学发展比较缓慢。 西进的移民 最 早 的作品 是游记、日记之 类 的文字
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奴隶制 的产生形成了黑人文学 美国黑人文学起源于黑人奴隶歌曲,这些歌曲,不论是悲歌还是民歌,倾诉了黑人背井离乡、沦为奴隶的痛苦心情。
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美国内战催生了 美国民族文学的形成. 这场斗争产生大量的革命诗歌
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美国文学中的民主自由精神,个人主义、个性解放的观念较为强烈
美国文学发展的过程就是不断吸取、融化各民族文学特点的过程 总的特点是开朗、豪放,内容庞杂与色彩鲜明
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A sacrifice for love
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Sacrifice 牺牲,献出 祭品 作动词: vt. 作出牺牲;献出 sacrifice one’s life to do sth 牺牲某人的生命做某事 He sacrificed his life to save the child 2. 作名词: n. 牺牲 奉献 make sacrifices for sb 为某人作出牺牲 父母经常为子女作出牺牲. Parents often make sacrifices for their children
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《麦琪的礼物》写一对穷困的年轻夫妇相互赠送圣诞礼物中的巧合,刻划了他们捉襟见肘的生活与相互体贴的感情。
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O Henry
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本文作者是美国20世纪初最著名的短篇小说家欧·亨利。他擅长写短篇小说,共创作了将近三百篇,使他享有国际声誉。尤其是《麦琪的礼物》、《警察与赞美诗》等多篇脍炙人口的佳品
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Careful reading
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Decide whether the following sentences are true or false.
James Dillingham Young was a rich young man. 2. Della lived in a neighborhood with many trees and flowers. 3. Jim and Della had two possessions. 4. Della thought having a haircut will make Jim happy. 5. Della decided to have her hair cut out of her love for Jim.
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Della’s beautiful and long hair
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Jim’s gold watch
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Pennies saved one or two at a time by bargaining at the grocery, at the bakery and the butcher’s until one’s cheeks burnt. (Para1) 这些一分分的钱是在杂货店、面包店和肉店每次通过讲价直到争得面红耳赤省下来的。 Time 的词组 at a time 一次;每次 all the time 一直地 3. at times 有时候 at one time 曾经 过去 5. at the same time 在同时 at no time 绝不
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Bargain vi. [就买卖之事] 讨价还价,议价,讲价
He bargained with the salesman about the price. There was an electric bell that did not work, with a card next to it bearing the name “Mr James Dillingham Young” (Para2) 有一个坏了的电铃, 电铃旁边有张卡片上面写着 “詹姆斯 狄龙汉姆 杨先生” Bear 为动词 意思是“负担,承担,忍受,携带” Bearing 在此处作 a card 的定语 意思为 “携带 写着, 上面有”
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She can’t bear him. 2. He bears the responsibility of supporting the whole family. 3. The book bears the author’s signature. 她无法容忍他 他担负着照顾他全家的责任 书上有/写着作者的签名
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attend to: pay attention to, deal with, look after 注意;专心,处理;照料,关照
Notes Della finished crying and attended to her cheeks with the power rag.(Para.3 p84.) 德拉哭完了,用粉饼在脸颊上抹了一点粉 attend to: pay attention to, deal with, look after 注意;专心,处理;照料,关照 Did you attend the meeting yesterday? 出席,参加 attend school /church /the meeting /the wedding
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Twenty dollars a week does not go far. (Para.3 p84)
每周20美元根本就不够用 go far (钱等)耐花,价值大(常用于否定句); 效力大,大有帮助;成功 Although he earns 1000 yuan a month, It doesn’t go far for his family.
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Expenses had been greater than she had calculated
at great /little/ no expense 花费很大/很少/ 没有花费 2. at the expense of sb/sth “以… 为代价” at one’s (own) expense 由/让某人付费 He bought a car at great expense He saved the girl at the expense of his life. The dinner was at my own expense.
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Many happy hours had she spent planning for something nice for him
Many happy hours had she spent planning for something nice for him. Something fine and rare--- something worthy of the honor of being owned by Jim. 她花费了很多时间来为他准备了一件好礼物,一些精美的东西,一些珍奇的东西-- 一些值得吉姆拥有的东西 这句话的使用了倒装, 正常语序为 She had spent many happy hours planning ……..
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Be worthy of sth/ being done/ to be done
He is worthy of your trust. 他值得你的信任 Your advice is worthy of being considered. = Your advice is worthy to be considered. 你的建议值得考虑
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She pulled down her hair and let it fall to its full length.(第5段)
她披散开头发,让它尽情舒展开来 And then she quickly did it up again.(第5段) 她很快把头发梳理好 do up 系,扣;收拾,整理;打扮,梳妆 do up the buttons do up the furniture do up the rooms 系纽扣 整修家具 粉刷房间
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Down flowed the brown cascade. 棕色的小瀑布飘垂下来(第7段)
此句为倒装语序, The brown cascade flowed down. “If Jim doesn’t kill me.” she said to herself, “before he takes a second look at me , he’ll say I look like a Coney Island choir girl.” “如果吉姆不杀了我,”她自言自语道:“在他再看我一眼之前,他会说我看起来像一个科尼岛歌舞女孩” a Coney Island choir girl: 科尼岛属于纽约市布鲁克区。科尼岛歌舞女孩是当时那里娱乐业从业人员的一种典型形象
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with +宾语+分词(或adj./adv./prep./不定式) 在句中常作状语
With that chain on his watch Jim might be properly anxious about the time in any company. (第8段) 这条表链若装在吉姆的表上,他无论在哪家公司里上班都会很关注时间的。 with +宾语+分词(或adj./adv./prep./不定式) 在句中常作状语 1.It is not polite to speak with your mouth full. 2. With many things to do, I have to hurry up. With +名词+形容词 作伴随状语 With +名词+不定式 作原因状语
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G O D B Y E
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