TB1100 TB1100 SAP Business One — 會計核算 SAP Business One /Q3

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1 TB1100 TB1100 SAP Business One — 會計核算 SAP Business One 670 2004/Q3
Material number: THE BEST-RUN E-BUSINESSES RUN SAP SAP AG 2004

2 版權 2004 SAP AG 版權所有。保留所有權利。 未經 SAP AG 的特別許可，任何人不能以任何形式或為任何目的複製或傳播本文檔的任何部分。本文檔中包含的資訊如有更改，恕不另行通知。 Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software components of other software vendors. Microsoft?, WINDOWS?, NT?, EXCEL?, Word?, PowerPoint?, and SQL Server? are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. IBM?, DB2?, OS/2?, DB2/6000?, Parallel Sysplex?, MVS/ESA?, RS/6000?, AIX?, S/390?, AS/400?, OS/390?, and OS/400? are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation. ORACLE? is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation. INFORMIX?-OnLine for SAP and INFORMIX? Dynamic ServerTM are registered trademarks of Software Incorporated. UNIX?, X/Open?, OSF/1?, and Motif? are registered trademarks of The Open Group. HTML, DHTML, XML, and XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C?, World Wide Web Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. JAVA? is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc. JAVASCRIPT? is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license for technology invented and implemented by Netscape. SAP, SAP Logo, R/2, RIVA, R/3, ABAP, SAP ArchiveLink, SAP Business Workflow, WebFlow,?SAP EarlyWatch, BAPI, SAPPHIRE, Management Cockpit, mySAP.com Logo, and mySAP.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countr???

3 課程前提 要求： 對業務概念有一般理解 至少有一個企業資源計畫 (ERP) 產品的銷售或諮詢經驗
熟悉 Microsoft Office 應用程式 TB1000（SAP Business One — 後勤、服務和人力資源）) 推薦： 培訓經驗 產品演示經驗與銷售經驗

4 目標聽眾 參與者： 負責實施和支援使用 SAP Business One 的客戶業務流程的諮詢員和支援人員
負責為客戶的員工提供有關 SAP Business One 的 SAP 用戶培訓課程的諮詢員 SAP SMB 合作作伴的員工，他們負責向客戶提供適合的銷售建議，並且進行有效的產品演示 持續期間：三天 Notice to participants: These training materials are not a self-study program. Instead they complement the course instructor's explanations. Your handbook includes enough space for notes. The exercises consolidate the examples dealt with during the course. If there isn't enough time for completing all the exercises in class, you can work on these exercises after the course to reinforce what you have learned.

5 課程概覽 內容： 課程目的 課程目標 課程內容 主要業務情節

6 課程目的 本課程將使學員準備： 描述並實施 SAP Business One 會計模組中的標準流程 設置和配置公司所需的會計標準流程

7 課程目標 在本課程結束時，學員將能夠： 使用 SAP Business One 管理會計程式

8 課程內容 序言 單元一 課程概覽 單元二 財務 單元三 銀行業 單元四 期末結算和報表

9 主要業務情節 作為小公司的執行總管，您可能正在尋找一種使公司運營更有效、收益更大的軟體系統。您對 SAP 公司已經有所瞭解，知道這是一家全球領先的業務軟體提供商，同時也知道它為中小型企業 (SMB) 提供產品，所以請聯繫離您最近的 SAP 合作夥伴。 看完 SAP 為中小型企業提供的產品演示後，您決定進一步瞭解 SAP Business One。SAP 合作夥伴組織了對其中一個參考客戶（運動旅行用具商） 的訪問。

10 財務 目錄： 科目表 日記帳分錄 過帳工具 預算 成本會計

11 財務：單元目標 在本單元結束時，學員將能夠： 維護科目表 手動過帳日記帳分錄 創建日記帳憑證 使用過帳範本 使用週期性過帳 使用預算
監控專案與利潤中心

12 財務：業務情景 因為法律需求和業務原因，所有導致公司資本淨值、股本和外部資本更改的交易必須以會計記錄的形式記錄下來。在會計期末使用這些記錄準備制訂公司財務報表。

13 科目表：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 更改公司的科目表 創建、刪除和更改總帳科目 定義控制科目 定義系統用於管理總帳科目餘額的貨幣
使用科目分割，以用於編制報表

14 總分類帳中的科目類型 資產負債表科目 利潤表科目 資產負債表 損益表 資產科目 負債科目 權益科目 收入科目 費用科目 負債 收入 資產
/費用 In the General Ledger, we distinguish between Balance Sheet Accounts and Income Statement Accounts. There are three types of Balance Sheet Accounts: Asset accounts Liability accounts Equity accounts After the end of the fiscal year, the balances of the asset accounts will be displayed on the active side of the balance sheet. The balances of the liability accounts and the equity accounts will be displayed on the passive side of the balance sheet. There are two types of income statement accounts: Revenue accounts Expense accounts After the end of the fiscal year, the balances of the expense accounts will be subtracted from the balances of the revenue accounts to come up with the profit or the loss for the fiscal year. The profit or loss will either increase or decrease the equity o??? =利潤或虧損

15 科目表結構 自由土地保有權 土地與建築物 ... 建築物 ... 工廠與機器 總分類帳 ... 開辦費 ... ... 專利等等 级别 1
資產 負債 資本 + 儲備金 營業額 銷售成本 運營成本 非運營成本 税款 + 非常项目 級別 2 級別 3 級別 4 級別 5 自由土地保有權 土地與建築物 ... 有形資產 建築物 ... 固定資產 工廠與機器 ... 開辦費 ... 無形資產 ... 專利等等 當前資產 總帳科目 A chart of accounts arranges a company's general ledger accounts in a hierarchical structure. The top level in the structure (level 1) consists of several account groups for accounts of different types (assets, liabilities, capital and reserves, turnover, ???Choose Financials  Chart of Accounts to create and maintain G/L accounts. All changes in the definition of an account are logged in a log of changes under Tools  Change Log…. Choose Financials ? Edit Chart of Accounts to maintain the structure of the chart of accounts. Levels 2 through 4 can contain either active accounts or titles that combine several active accounts. Level 5 only contains active accounts. The system displays the group (cabinet drawer as shown in the figure) titles in black with a blue background. You cannot change these titles. The system displays all other titles in blue and normal active accounts in black. Accounts that you have entered i???When you do the system initialization, you can either use one of the charts of accounts shipped with the system as a template (recommended) or create your own chart of accounts. Choose Administration  System Initialization  Company Details and choose a template in the Chart of Accounts Template field on the Basic Initialization tab. Another option is to import a chart of accounts using the data transfer workbench. 明細科目

16 控制科目 應付款與應收款的控制科目 控制科目 aa bb aa bb 控制科目 aa bb 標準交易 特殊交易類型 業務合作夥伴 aa bb
General Ledger aa bb 應付款與應收款的控制科目 aa bb 控制科目 aa bb 控制科目 標準交易 業務合作夥伴 aa bb 特殊交易類型 Customers Vendors You can define a G/L account as a control account. A control account links the business partner accounts to the general ledger. You must enter a control account in every business partner master record. Whenever you post a document to a business partner account, the system automatically adds a journal entry??談Some transactions, such as transactions with bills of exchange, must be posted to special control accounts. Therefore, you can assign these special accounts to predefined transaction types, such as Open Debts, Assets Account, Down Payments Receivable/Payable or other (country-dependent). You can also enter default control accounts under Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? G/L Account Determination. These accounts appear by default whenever you create a new business partner. The system displays the total account balance in the business partner master record. From there you can navigate to the line item display of the account. In the line item display, the system displays the debit values in black and the credit values in green???If you are working with several control accounts, the system can display the business partner balances separately for every control account. To activate this, choose Administration  System Initialization  General Settings and select the Display Accounts Balance by Control Accounts indicator on the Sales tab. You must have the proper authorization to view the accounts and balances.

17 科目貨幣 Microsoft Excel mySAP 商務套件 SAP 業務 資訊倉庫 貨幣：美元 SAP Business One
本幣：歐元 本幣：美元 本幣：日元 SAP Business One can handle accounting in two parallel currencies: the local currency and the system currency. The local currency is the currency in which the company is legally required to keep its books. The system currency may be a different currency than the local currency and is especially useful for subsidiaries of global companies whose head office uses a different currency than the subsidiaries (for example, EUR (€) in the subsidiary and USD ($) in t???Choose Administration  System Initialization  Company Details to define the local currency and the system currency on the Basic Initialization tab. 系統貨幣：美元 系統貨幣：美元 系統貨幣：美元

18 科目貨幣 = 特定外幣 = 多貨幣 日記帳分錄的輸入貨幣 科目餘額貨幣 科目貨幣 = 本幣 本幣 系統貨幣 指定的外幣 任意外幣
= 特定外幣 指定的外幣 = 多貨幣 任意外幣 You must specify an account currency for each business partner master record and each G/L account to specify the following: The currencies in which line items to this account can be entered The currencies in which the system manages the account balance If you enter the local currency in the Currency field, you can enter line items in the local currency and the system manages the account balance in the local currency and the system currency in parallel. If you enter any specific foreign currency in the Currency field, you can enter line items in the specified foreign currency or the local currency. The system then manages the account balance in the specified foreign currency, the local currency, and the s???If you enter multi-currency in the Currency field, you can post line items to this account or business partner in any currency. The system, however, manages the account balance only in the local and system currencies. In other words, it does not manage the balance in the currencies in which the items were entered. This makes it difficult to reconcile the account with an external bank statement. You should try to avoid managing an account in multiple currencies if at all possible. You can enter Local Currency or Multi-Currency as default for the account currency in the Default Account Currency field on the Basic Initialization tab under Administration ? System Initialization ? Company Details. The G/L Accounts and Business Partners report produces a list of all accounts, including their name, account group, and balances. To run the G/L Accounts and Business Partners report, choose Financials ? Financial Reports ? Accounting ? G/L Accounts and Bu???

19 一些總帳科目明細 餘額 機密科目 科目類型 現金科目 活動的或預留 外部代碼 輸出代碼 備選的科目名稱 明細
The system displays the account balance in the account master record. From there you can go to the line item display of the account. In the line item display, the system displays the debit values in black and the credit values in green and in parentheses. ???For viewing the accounts and the balances you need the right authorization. You can define G/L accounts as confidential. You can use and display confidential accounts only if you have the necessary authorizations. With the Account Type field, you define an income statement account as revenue account (sales) or expense account (expenditure). All other accounts should have the account type other. Accounts that you defined as Cash Accounts appear as cash accounts in the Cash Flow report. You can set a G/L account as Active or On Hold for a certain period of time. In the External Code field or the Code for Exporting field, you can enter alternative codes for the account. The alternative codes can be used by external programs that you integrated with SAP Business One. You can define an Alternative Account Name for the account. This can be useful when your company works in different languages. In the Details field, you can enter additional information about the account.

20 - - - 科目分段 自然科目 產品組 （食品） 部門 （銷售部） 地區 （北部） 地區 北部 南部 西部 分段 銷售部 服裝 採購部 設備
生產部 產品組 自然科目 - 產品組 （食品） - The accounts in SAP Business One can be subdivided into segments if you activate the account segmentation. A segment is built from the values of up to nine segment dimensions. The figure shows the segments composed of the values for the following segment d??斈Region Department Division Because this example uses only three segment dimensions, a segment can be pictured as a cube. When using account segmentation, you do not just post to an account but also to a segment. By doing this, you classify the posting as belonging to a certain division (for example, Food), department (for example, Sales) and region (for example, North). Account segmentation is very important for financial reporting in the USA. 部門 （銷售部） - 地區 （北部）

21 - - - 科目分段的定義 自然科目 產品組 地區 部門 分段特性 段維數 科目段分隔符號 服装 設備 北部 銷售部 採購部 生產部 南部
西部 You decide on the company level whether you want to use account segmentation or not. After accounts with segments are created, you are not able to change back. Choose Administration ? System Initialization ? Company Details and then select the Use Segmentation Accounts indicator on the Basic Initialization tab to switch on the account segmentation. The system displays an account segment separator between the characteristics of a segment. You can specify the account segment separator under Administration ? System Initialization ? General Settings in the Account Segment Separator field on the Display t???If you want to use account segmentation, you must define how many and which segment dimensions you need. Up to nine dimensions are possible. You can freely choose the names of the segment dimensions, for example, division, region, department, cost center, business area, functional area, and so on. You also define the length and the type (numeric or alphanumeric) of the segment characteristics. For every segment dimension, you define the possible segment characteristics, for example, clothing and equipment as segment characteristics for the segment dimension division. To define the segment dimensions and the segment characteristics, choose Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? Define Account Segmentation. This path is available only if the account segmentation is switched on in the company details. When defining the segment dimensions and segment characteristics, keep in mind that the number of segments increases dramatically with every segment dimension and every segment characteristic.

22 科目代碼生成器 10000000 服装 設備 北部 南部 西部 銷售部 採購部 生產部 自然科目 自然科目：10000000
分成三段 服装 設備 產品组 北部 南部 西部 地區 北部 南部 西部 科目代碼生成器 銷售部 設備 服裝 採購部 部門 銷售部 採購部 生產部 食品 生產部 You can use the account code generator to create the segments. In the account code generator, you specify the natural account and its properties, as well as the segment characteristics for which you want the system to generate segments. You must enter the codes of the segment characteristics to specify a segment. The system displays the short names of the segment characteristics in the description of the segment. You find the account code generator under Financials ? Account Code Generator. This path is available only if the account segmentation is switched on in the company details.

23 日記帳分錄：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 手動過帳日記帳分錄 使用顯示憑證的功能 解釋日記帳分錄和原始憑證的關係
過帳外幣日記帳分錄

24 日記帳分錄 日記帳分錄 行項目表 表格設置 憑證抬頭數據 行專案的擴展編輯模式 1000 100,00 A2 16,00 1775
總帳科目/業務夥伴編號 名稱 借方 貸方 稅收組 稅額 1000 費用 100,00 A2 16,00 1775 增值稅 16,00 行項目表 To enter a journal entry, choose Financials ? Journal Entry. The screen for entering journal entries manually is divided into three areas: document header data, extended editing mode for an item, and the items table. The system automatically enters a number in the document header. This number is incremented with every transaction. The system proposes the current date as the Due Date, Posting date, and Tax date (document date). The posting date must always fall into the posting period set as current. The current period is usually the one into whose posting date range the server date ???The Ref. 1 and Ref. 2 fields can contain references to associated actual documents. You can also classify the document using a transaction code, for example, as an accrual/deferral document, depreciation document, or value adjustment document. Choose Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? Define Transaction Codes to maintain the tran???You can show or hide the extended editing mode. The mode always refers to the item that is currently selected and displays all the item fields for you to enter the relevant data. The Ref. 1, Ref. 2, Project, and Details fields are usually filled with the content of the fields with the same name in the header. In the settings, you can define which columns are displayed in the items table. Furthermore, you can store values in the settings that the system uses as default values when you enter a journal entry. 添加 取消 取消範本 顯示外幣 顯示系統貨幣

25 自動稅收行專案 借方 貸方 稅收組 稅額 總價值 基本金 額 總帳科目 100 V2 16 116 稅務科目 總帳科目的缺省值
（或手動輸入） 根據稅收組計算 借方 貸方 稅收組 稅額 總價值 基本金 額 總帳科目 100 V2 16 116 稅務科目 互為基礎 自動添加的行 You can enter a tax group in any G/L account line item. The system then automatically calculates the tax for this line item and creates an additional line item which posts the tax to the correct account. You cannot change or delete this tax line item manua???In the G/L account line item you can either enter the net amount in the normal Debit or Credit fields or the gross amount in the Gross Value field. Either way, the system calculates the other value and the tax amount based on the definition of the tax group. You can also enter a Default VAT Group in the G/L account master record and specify whether the user is allowed to change the tax group when entering a manual journal entry or not by selecting the Allow Change VAT Group indicator in the G/L Account Details???You cannot manually post to a tax account.

26 原始憑證 應收款發票 IN 參考原始憑證 類型和原始憑證 編號 日記帳分錄 JE 日記帳分錄 應付款發票 PU
All journal entries refer to the type and number of the origin document (for example, IN for customer invoices). The origin documents of manual journal entries are the journal entries themselves. For this reason, they refer to themselves and are of type JE???The Transaction Journal Report shows all the journal entries of a certain origin type in chronological order, sorted by transaction number. From here, you can go directly to the origin document for the posting. To run the Transaction Journal Report, choose Financials  Financial Reports  Accounting  Transaction Journal Report. The Document Journal functions in a similar way. Here you can use more options to select and tailor the output. To run the Document Journal, choose Financials ? Financial Reports ? Accounting ? Document Journal. The General Ledger report provides a view of the selected general ledger and business partner accounts and lists all line items that you have posted to the account. To run the General Ledger report, choose Financials ? Financial Reports ? Accounting ? Gene??斈

27 沖銷交易 標準的沖銷交易 過帳錯誤 科目 1 科目 2 科目 1 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 2050 總額的增加 科目 2 金額為負的沖銷交易 2050 科目 1 科目 2 2050 2050 2050 -2050 -2050 Users can make input errors. As a result, the journal entry created may contain incorrect information. To provide an audit of the correction, the user must first reverse the journal entry in error, and then capture the document correctly. You can specify whether reversal transactions are performed: As standard reverse transactions As reverse transactions with negative amounts The standard reverse transaction causes the system to post the debit in error as a credit and the credit in error as a debit. This corrects the balance of the accounts. However, the standard reverse transaction causes an additional increase in the totals o???The reverse transaction with negative amounts causes the system to post the debit in error as a negative debit and the credit in error as a negative credit. This not only corrects the balance of the accounts but also the totals. It depends on the country whether standard reverse transactions or reverse transactions with negative amounts are required. Choose Administration ? System Initialization ? Company Details and select the Use Negative Amount for Reverse Transaction field on ??談 總額的重新設置

28 借方與貸方的顯示 具有借方餘額的科目 具有貸方餘額的科目 借方過帳 130.00 貸方過帳 (100.00) 借方過帳 100.00
(130.00) 借方餘額 30.00 貸方餘額 -30.00 When you enter the line item display of any account (G/L account or business partner), the system displays the debit and credit amounts the following way: Debit Postings: Black amount, for example, Credit Postings: Green amount in parentheses, for example, (100.00) The amounts are usually positive. There may be negative amounts if you selected the Use Negative Amount for Reverse Transaction indicator under Administration ? System Initialization ? Company Details on the Basic Initialization tab. These negative amounts???The balance is the difference between the sum of all credit postings and the sum of all debit postings. If the sum of the debit postings is greater than the sum of the credit postings, there is a debit balance. If the sum of the credit postings is greater than the sum of the debit postings, there is a credit balance. Usually, the system displays a credit balance with a negative sign because the credit balance represents liabilities in an asset account. If you want this type of display, make sure that the Display Credit Balance with Negative Sign indicator is selected. ???

29 外幣過帳 顯示外幣 顯示系統貨幣 外幣 本幣 系統貨幣 借方 (FC) 貸方 (FC) 借方 貸方 借方 (SC) 貸方 (SC)
本幣科目（歐元） 10,- 歐元 12,- 美元 外幣科目（如） 2000 20,- 24,- 多種貨幣科目 21,- 30,- 36,- 日元 日元 英鎊 The system displays the amounts in the local currency in the items table of the journal entry. You can also display the amounts in the system currency by selecting the Display SC indicator. To enter amounts in foreign currencies you need to activate additional fields by selecting the Display FC indicator. When you make journal entries in foreign currencies to a foreign currency account, you do not need to specify the currency because it is stored in the account and added to the amount by the system. When you make journal entries to an account that is managed in multiple currencies, you must specify the currency codes by entering them manually together with the amount. The system uses the exchange rate in the exchange rates table to convert the amounts from the foreign to the local and then to the system currency. Choose Administration ? Define foreign currency exchange rates to update the exchange rates table. You can a???You can configure the system so that the entry window is displayed automatically as soon as you log on. Choose Administration  System Initialization  General Settings and select the Open Exchange Rates Table indicator on the Services tab to activate this service for your user. If the exchange rates table has not been maintained, it is displayed automatically when you enter an item in a foreign currency. If you have defined several companies in the system, you can first export exchange rates from one company into a general exchange rates table by choosing Auto. Export, and then import this data into a different company by entering the other company and cho??? 手動輸入 根據外匯表中的匯率進行貨幣轉換

30 過帳工具：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 使用日記帳憑證 使用過帳範本 使用週期性過帳

31 日記帳憑證 日記帳憑證中的分錄 創建日記帳憑證 日記帳分錄 更正和更新 日記帳憑證（日記帳分錄草稿檔夾）
SAP Business One offers a two-stage procedure for creating journal entries. You can create the journal entries as drafts first and correct and post them later. When you do so, you create a special folder named journal voucher for storing several journal entry drafts. You can change journal entry drafts at any time because they have not been posted yet. Your colleague, for example, can then access the journal vouc???To create, change, and post journal vouchers, choose Financials  Journal Vouchers. 日記帳憑證（日記帳分錄草稿檔夾）

32 過帳百分比範本 總帳科目/業務夥 伴編號 總帳科目/業務夥 伴姓名 借方% 贷方% 員工帳戶（業務 夥伴） 120 4100 薪水和工資
日記帳分錄 範本類型：　　　　　百分比 模板： 獎金 代碼：獎金 描述：年終獎 總帳科目/業務夥 伴編號 總帳科目/業務夥 伴姓名 借方% 贷方% Add Cancel 員工帳戶（業務 夥伴） Add Cancel Cancel Template 120 4100 薪水和工資 100 4200 年終獎 20 You can create posting templates for journal entries that have a very similar structure. These templates can contain account numbers but you can also just specify an account description in a line item if you do not yet know which exact account will be used???The illustration shows a simplified example of how you can add an annual bonus of 20% to the last salary posting for an employee. In the posting template shown, the business partner account for the employee, for example, is not known yet because you want to use this posting template for different employees. The posting template is stored under a code and with a description. Choose Financials ? Posting Templates to enter and maintain posting templates. When you enter a journal entry manually, choose Percentage in the Template Type field and enter the template code in the Template field.

33 週期性過帳 總帳科目/業務夥 伴編號 總帳科目/業務夥 伴姓名 借方 貸方 620000 財產租賃 1000 161000
代碼：租金 描述：租賃付款 總帳科目/業務夥 伴編號 總帳科目/業務夥 伴姓名 借方 貸方 620000 財產租賃 1000 161000 Girobank 科目 1000 頻率： 每月 1 號 有效期至 下一執行時間： 10/01/04 09/30/05 每日 每週 每月 每季度 每半年 每年 一次性 範本 尚未執行 頻率列表 SAP Business One features a recurring postings function for journal entries created on a regular basis. Choose Financials ? Recurring Postings to enter and maintain recurring postings. Recurring postings use a posting template that is stored with a code and a description. In this template, you define (among other things) the frequency in which the journal entry is supposed to be created and until when the recurring posting is valid. The ???Daily, Weekly, Monthly, Quarterly, Half Yearly, Annually: You must also specify the next execution date for these entries. One time: Although a one-time recurring posting seems a bit odd, it serves a special purpose. With this you can schedule a journal entry for a specific date. Template: Journal entries that you need repeatedly but not on a regular basis can be created as this type. You can access these templates from the manual journal entry. To do so, you must specify Recurring Posting in the Template Type field. Not executed yet: If you do not need the recurring posting at present, you can turn it off with this entry. In the Valid To field, you can enter a date until which the recurring posting is valid and will be executed by the system. You can display a list of all the recurring postings in the system. You can then adjust these postings and confirm them. You can also configure the system so that the execution list is displayed automatically as soon as you log on. Choose Administration ? ??舸 用於手動日記帳分錄 範本類型：週期性過帳 未啟動

34 預算：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 定義預算業務情景 定義預算分配方法 定義預算 運行預算報表

35 預算業務情景 100000 200000 300000 400000 500000 預算 樂觀預算 主預算 悲觀預算 科目 科目 科目 科目
In SAP Business One, you can decide if you want to use a budget restriction that does not allow any exceeding over budget or if you want to just get an alert if there is a deviation. In this case, you need to have certain authorizations to accept the devia???Using SAP Business One, you can use several budget scenarios, which can be independent or may be based on one another. Choose Financials  Budget  Budget Scenarios to define your budget scenarios. You always have one main budget that is the operative one against which the system performs the budget checks. An example for an additional scenario could be an optimistic one that would be relevant when your business runs better than expected and you have more money to spend. Another example could be a pessimistic scenario that would be relevant when your business??你The budget checks are always performed against the main budget. The other scenarios are for reporting purposes only. 科目 100000 科目 200000 科目 300000 科目 400000 科目 500000

36 定義預算 科目必須標記為預算相關項 在費用的借方輸入預算 實際：當前餘額 實際 — 未來： 打開採購訂單和收貨採購訂單 月分配
相等 1 昇冪 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 降冪 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 任意 x 在費用的借方輸入預算 1月 2月 3月 4月 5月 6月 7月 8月 9月 10月 11月 12月 實際：當前餘額 實際 — 未來： 打開採購訂單和收貨採購訂單 月分配 此預算可以按其他預算的百分比計算 If you want to use the budget functionality, you must switch it on in the general settings. The system then automatically marks all profit or loss accounts as Relevant to Budget. You can manually remove the selection or set it also for balance sheet accoun??烰Choose Financials  Budget  Define Budget to manually enter an annual budget for every account marked as Relevant to Budget. The budget is entered on the debit side (expense side). Only a debit budget is checked by the system. The system breaks down the annual budget into monthly budgets by using a Budget Distribution Method. Three budget distribution methods are preconfigured: Equal: Every month receives an equal share of the annual budget. Ascending: The annual budget is distributed by using ascending weights from 1 to 12. Descending: The annual budget is distributed by using descending weights from 12 to 1. Of course, you can define additional methods, for example, a seasonal distribution method. Choose Financials ? Budget ? Define Budget Distribution Method. You can manually change the monthly distribution if you double-click an account when you define the budget. Instead of manually entering an annual budget, you can enter a parent account and a percentage. The system then derives the budget of the child account as the percentage of the annual budget of the parent account. The system also displays the current balances of the accounts.

37 成本會計：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 創建和分組利潤中心 定義分配規則並將它們分配到科目 運行利潤中心報表 定義並評估專案

38 利潤中心和排序代碼 中心_z 夏季運動 高爾夫 徒步旅行 自行車 飛行 排序代碼 冬季運動 利潤中心 登山滑雪 蹓冰 國外滑雪
To use the cost accounting functions in SAP Business One, you must define the cost centers or departments in your company as profit centers. You can then compile a profit and loss statement for each profit center in every period. You can combine your profit centers into groups by using a sort code. Choose Financials ? Cost Accounting ? Define Profit Centers to define and maintain profit centers. The system automatically creates a profit center as a zero profit center (Center_z) that collects the costs and revenues that cannot be clearly distributed to other profit centers because not enough information is available. The Center_z profit center can ???

39 分配規則 利潤中心 分配規則 總額 中心_z 範圍 員工 PC 1 PC 2 PC 3 PC 1 100 100 直接成本和收入的分配規則
100 直接成本和收入的分配規則 PC 2 100 100 PC 3 100 100 範圍 500 100 200 200 間接成本和收入的分配規則 員工 20 2 4 8 6 Distribution rules define how the costs or revenues posted for an account are distributed to the profit centers. When you create a profit center, the system automatically creates a distribution rule with the same name. This rule (which cannot be changed) is configured so that the system posts all the costs or revenues to the relevant profit center. In other words, th???You cannot assign indirect costs and revenues directly to a specific profit center. Instead, you must distribute them to the profit centers on a cause basis. You must define distribution rules manually for these costs and revenues. For example, you can distribute heating costs to the profit centers in accordance with the size of the heated areas. Similarly, you can distribute voluntary employee benefits among the number of employees. If you cannot define a distribution rule precisely (because you do not have enough information on the distribution keys), any costs or revenues that cannot be assigned are allocated to the Center_z profit center. When you finally have the information you n???Choose Financials  Cost Accounting  Define Distribution Rules to define and maintain distribution rules. Choose Financials ? Cost Accounting ? Table of Profit Centers and Distribution Rules to get a table display on all distribution rules.

40 總分類帳和成本會計的聯繫 X 1000 供暖成本 分配規则 範圍 日記帳分錄 範圍 供暖成本 分配规则 利潤中心 1 利潤中心 2
For costs to be included in cost accounting, you must enter a distribution rule into the journal entry for every line item that posts to a revenue or expense account. As soon as you make a posting to an account with a distribution rule, the system distribu???To avoid having to enter the distribution rule manually, you can enter a distribution rule into the account’s master record. This distribution rule will then be used as a default value. You can use the Profit Center report to display an overview of the posted costs and revenues. Choose Financials ? Cost Accounting ? Profit Center – Report. 利潤中心 2 利潤中心 3

41 專案 專案 A 專案 B .... 會計憑證 .... 原始憑證 試算報表 — 預算報表 試算報表 — 預算報表 損益預算報表 損益預算報表
項目： .... 事務報表 事務報表 損益 損益 會計憑證 總分類帳 總分類帳 試算報表 — 預算報表 試算報表 — 預算報表 項目： .... You can use projects in SAP Business One to monitor your company's larger key projects and their economic success. To do so, you first define projects in the system. Choose Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? Define Projects. You can then enter the??鑸You can also enter projects in general ledger accounts or business partners. The relevant project is then automatically entered in the documents you post to these accounts. The Transaction Report by Projects lists all postings that you have made for a selected project. Choose Financials ? Financial Reports ? Accounting ? Transaction Report by Projects. You can often limit your reports to a specific project, for example, to generate a profit & loss statement for the project.

42 採購科目過帳系統 100 100 使用採購科目過帳系统 採購訂單 採購科目 100 採購訂單收貨 庫存科目 成本科目分配 100 100
PA 抵銷科目 100 應付款發票 100 成本科目分配 100 供應商 To allow better budget and cost controlling, you can activate the purchase accounts posting system. You do this before any inventory postings have been made by choosing Administration ? System Initialization ? Company Details. Then, select the Use Purchase???After you activate the purchase accounts posting system, the G/L account determination contains three additional accounts: purchase account, PA offset account, and PA return account. Whenever you post a document that posts a goods receipt PO (goods receipts PO itself but also A/P invoice not based on a goods receipt PO), the system adds two additional line items. One line item posts the stock posting amount to the debit side of the pur???When you post a goods return or a credit memo, the system also adds two additional line items. The system posts the stock posting to the credit side of the PA return account and the offsetting line item to the debit side of the PA offset account. Purchase accounts offer these advantages: The purchase account allows you to control the purchasing budget. Goods receipts to a warehouse are usually not posted to an expense account, therefore, you cannot enter a purchasing budget. If you make the purchase account an expense account, you can crea???If items, item groups, or warehouses belong to special profit centers, you can assign special purchase accounts to their G/L account determination and enter the distribution rule (direct distribution to the profit center) in the definition of the purchase account. This automatically assigns the purchasing expenses to the correct profit center.

43 財務：單元摘要 學員現在能夠： 定義、啟動和鎖定過帳期間 手動過帳日記帳分錄 創建日記帳憑證 使用過帳範本 使用週期性過帳 延期過帳
使用預算 監控專案與利潤中心

44 銀行 目錄： 付款條款 帳齡與催款 手動付款 付款系統 預付定金 內部對帳 存款與銀行對帳單對帳 付款流程

45 銀行：單元目標 在本單元結束時，學員將能夠： 處理收款和付款 內部對帳科目 輸入外部銀行對帳單並使用銀行帳戶對其進行對帳 配置並使用付款嚮導
解釋如何構造不同付款方式的付款流程

46 銀行：業務情景 您必須將未清應收款與負債和收款或付款進行對帳。這樣做時，必須密切監控和跟蹤這些付款流程，以確保它們得到正確地處理。

47 付款條款：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 配置付款條款、現金折扣和分批付款

48 付款條款 - z容差天数 + x个月 過帳日期、系統日期或計稅日期 + x 个月 + y 天 [空白] + y 天 月中 月末 + x 个月
月初 + x 个月 + y 天 時間 下月 15 日或月末 下月第一天 The payment terms specify when an invoice is due. Choose Administration ? Definitions ? Business Partners ? Define Payment Terms to define and maintain payment terms. In the definition of the payment terms, you can specify how the due date is calculated: You can choose the posting date, the system date, or the tax date as the baseline date. If you leave the Start From field [blank], the system just adds the number of months and days that you have entered in the specific fields. If you enter Half Month in the Start From field the system first moves to the 15th day or the end of the month (depending on what comes earlier) and then adds the months and the days. If you enter Month End in the Start From field the system first moves to the last day of the month and then adds the months and the days. If you enter Month Start in the Start From field the system first moves to the first day of the following month and then adds the months and the days. The system finally subtracts a number of tolerance days. You can enter the tolerance days in the payment terms or enter them for a specific business partner in the partner's master record. The system uses a holiday calendar to check that the due dates don’t fall on a weekend or a public holiday. If they do, the system uses the next available work day as the due date. You can enter a holiday calendar in the business partner master record (rel??? 每月的最後一天

49 現金折扣 30天 14天 3% 2% 1% 過帳日期後的天數 45 天 無現金折扣 過帳日期 現金折扣行 1 現金折扣行 2 現金折扣行 3
時間 過帳日期 現金折扣行 1 現金折扣行 2 現金折扣行 3 The cash discount is defined as a separate object in the Cash Discount Name field within the payment terms. To define the cash discount, you assign cash discount rates to certain day ranges added to the posting date to which the rates apply. Alternatively, you can define fixed cash discount lines (fixed day of the month, number of month to be added to posting da??烰You can define a payment term so that the system automatically creates a suitable payment document as soon as you post an invoice (enter a payment means into the Open Incoming Payment field). The payment terms contain the price list that the system should use for the relevant business partner, the business partner's maximum credit limit (total value of open invoices), and the business partner’s maximum commitment (total value of open invoices a??鄸

50 分期付款 + x1 月，+ y1 天 + x2 月，+ y2 天 + x3 月，+ y3 天 首次付款的应付日期 50%
第三次付款的应付日期 25% 時間 發票的應付日期 第二次付款的應付日期 25% Installments are defined as a separate object in the No. of Installments field within the payment terms. To define installments, you define the installment rates and the months and days, which are added to the due date of the overall invoice to derive the due dates of the separate installments. The system automatically creates a single line item in the journal entry for every installment. These line items all appear in the payment screen so you can pay them one after the other. The payment wizard handles them as separate invoices and you can reconcile them separately. The Customer Receivables Aging report, the Vendor Liabilities Aging report, the Cash Flow report, and the Open Items List also treat them as single invoices. You decide in the installments definition how the system handles the tax. This depends on the legal requirements in your country. Apply tax in first installment – The system adds the whole tax amount to the first installment. Update tax respectively – The system distributes the tax amount among all installments. When you create a credit memo with reference to an invoice with installments, the system must assign the credit memo amount to the installments. You decide in the Credit Method field how the system handled this assignment. Equally: The system distributes the credit memo amount equally to the installments. First Installment: The system assigns the credit memo to the first installment, the second, and so on. Last Installment: The system assigns the credit memo to the last installment, the last but one, and so on. 按分期付款期數帶有一個行項目的發票

51 帳齡與催款：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 為供應同負債與客戶應收款生成帳齡報表 使用催款嚮導向客戶催款

52 帳齡報表 客戶應收款帳齡或供應商負債帳齡 業務夥伴 總額 現額 利息 範圍 1 範圍 2 範圍 3 娛樂運動 1000 800 $20
衝浪 20000 18000 1500 400 年輕 & 健康 500 SAP Business One is shipped with two reports for monitoring the due dates for open customer receivables and vendor liabilities: Customer Receivables Aging Vendor Liabilities Aging Both reports allow you to restrict the information to certain business partner accounts. You can specify an aging date after which the due dates are to be calculated. You can also specify an interval in days after which items that are overdue are to be gro???When you highlight customers in the Customer Receivables Aging report and choose Export to MS Word, the system automatically generates payment reminders for the selected customers, which you can print and send to them. The system automatically calculates interest rates for the period after the due date if you specify so in the payment terms. The Customer Receivables Aging report also offers a simple functionality to dun your customers. Since the dunning wizard that is available in SAP Business One 2004 has a much better functionality and usability, it is not necessary to use the dunning featur??鑠To run the Customer Receivable Aging report, choose Financials  Financial Reports  Accounting  Aging  Customer Receivables Aging. To run the Vendor Liabilities Aging report, choose Financials ? Financial Reports ? Accounting ? Aging ? Vendor Liabilities Aging.

53 付款憑證的結構 收款 付款憑證抬頭 未清發票、貸項憑證和日記帳分錄 總額、備註 添加 取消 按順序添加
The screens for incoming and outgoing payments are almost identical. The screen is divided into the following parts: The document header area The area for selecting open invoices, credit memos and journal entries, and assigning the payment amounts The area for entering remarks and displaying totals To post an incoming payment, choose Banking ? Incoming Payments ? Incoming Payments. To post an outgoing payment, choose Banking ? Outgoing Payments ? Outgoing Payments. 添加 取消 按順序添加

54 付款憑證抬頭 收款 代碼 編號（取自系列產品或手冊） 名稱 過帳日期 付款地址或開票地址 計稅日期 參考 聯繫人 項目 供應商主記錄
客戶主記錄 In the document header, you choose the customer or vendor code for the payment. The system then copies the Name and the standard Contact Person from the master record. The system copies the following address from the business partner master record into the address field in the document header: For incoming payments: the Bill to address For outgoing payments: the default Pay to address. You can manually choose a different Pay to address or the bank of the vendor. A differing Pay to address could be a collection agency used by the vendor. You can either enter the document number manually or have the system assign it automatically out of a document series. The system proposes the current date as the Posting Date and Tax Date (document date). You can enter an external document number in the Reference field. You can assign the payment to a Project. When you post the document, the system automatically assigns it a Transaction Number (number of the journal entry) and displays it in the relevant field. 添加 取消 按順序添加

55 確定付款金額 客戶或供應商的參考編號 顯示所有交易 未根據發票的付款 顯示具有對應開票位址的發票 25 憑證 分期付款 * 總額
收款 付款憑證抬頭 客戶或供應商的參考編號 顯示所有交易 未根據發票的付款 顯示具有對應開票位址的發票 25 税额 應付金額 憑證 分期付款 * 總額 應付餘額 折扣 憑證類型 付款總額 101 1 of 2 200 180 IN 2 of 2 100 2% 98 202 1 of 1 -50 CN 303 25 JE The system displays the open invoices and credit memos listed by the internal invoice number and the number of the installment. If you select the Customer/Vendor Reference Number indicator, the system displays the external reference numbers instead of the ???The Display Invoices with Matching Billing Address indicator is only available in an outgoing payment. If you select this indicator the system filters all A/P invoices and A/P credit memos that have the same billing address as you have chosen in the payment header. An asterisk (*) after the invoice date indicates that the invoice is due. The system displays the invoice amount and balance due (invoice amount less any partial payments or credit memos) for each invoice. The system finally deducts the cash discount store??談If the account contains postings that are not invoices or credit memos (for example, journal entries), the system displays only the balance of these transactions in a separate field below the table. If you select the Display All Transactions indicator the system also displays these transactions in the table as blue lines below the invoices and credit memos. The document type field tells you the origin of the line (IN for A/R invoices, CN for A/R Credit Memos, PU for A/P invoices, PC for A/P Credit Memos). To enter payments that cannot be assigned to an invoice select the Payment Not Based on Invoice indicator. The system then lets you enter the payment amount manually. It defaults the balance of all transactions that are not invoices or credit memos. You choose a line in the table to be considered in the payment by highlighting it. You can also enter a smaller amount as partial payment. The system displays the full payment amount (sum of all highlighted lines in the table plus the manual entered amount) in the Amount Due field. 添加 取消 按順序添加

56 $ 指定付款方式 確定付款金額 按付款方式分割付款金額 可能的付款方式： 支票 銀行轉帳 信用卡 現金
After you determine the payment amount, you must split the whole amount according to the payment means used. You can split the payment amount according to the following payment means: Check Bank transfer Credit card Cash You can copy the total amount to an amount field by choosing CTRL + B. In most cases, the payer pays the amount in full using one means of payment. However, it is possible to split the amount among several means of payment. The system takes the details on the means of payment for incoming payments from the customer master rec??烰

57 收款過帳 1 OI 收款 付款方式 现金 未清發票 1 OI 未清發票 收款 付款方式 1 OI 未清發票 收款 付款方式 支票 1 OI
客户 1 OI 留存现金 收款 付款方式 现金 未清發票 客户 1 OI 信用卡 未清發票 收款 付款方式 客户 1 OI 應收支票 未清發票 收款 付款方式 支票 客户 1 OI 银行 未清發票 收款 付款方式 银行转帐 This example displays the postings made by an incoming payment made with different payment means. The open invoice on the customer account gets closed by this posting. Cash (upper left): Debit on cash on hand account, credit on customer account The system retrieves the cash on hand account from the Cash on Hand field on the Sales tab under Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? G/L Account Determination. Credit Card (upper right): Debit on credit card account, credit on customer account The system retrieves the credit card account from the G/L Account field in the credit card definition under Administration ? Definitions ? Banking ? Define Credit Cards. Check (lower left): Debit on checks received account, credit on customer account The system retrieves the checks received account from the Checks Received field on the Sales tab under Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? G/L Account Determination. ???Bank Transfer (lower right): Debit on bank account, credit on customer account Because most companies have multiple bank accounts, you must manually enter the correct bank account number. Note that the line item on the bank account is managed as an ope??

58 付款過帳 1 OI 付款 付款方式 现金 未清發票 1 OI 付款 付款方式 信用卡 未清發票 1 OI 付款 付款方式 支票 未清發票 1
供應商 1 OI 付款 付款方式 现金 留存现金 未清發票 供應商 1 OI 付款 付款方式 信用卡 银行 未清發票 供應商 1 OI 付款 付款方式 支票 银行 未清發票 供應商 1 OI 付款 付款方式 銀行轉帳 银行 未清發票 This example displays the postings made by an outgoing payment made with different payment means. The open invoice on the vendor account gets closed by this posting. Cash (upper left): Debit on vendor account, credit on cash on hand account. Because most companies have multiple cash registers with one assigned cash on hand account each, you must manually enter the correct cash on hand account number. Credit Card (upper right): Debit on vendor account, credit on bank account. You must manually enter the bank account number. Check (lower left): Debit on vendor account, credit on bank account. You must manually enter the bank account number. Bank Transfer (lower right): Debit on vendor account, credit on bank account. The system retrieves the bank account from the Bank Transfer field on the Purchase tab under Administration ? Definitions ? Financials ? G/L Account Determination. Note that the system does not need any suspense accounts for outgoing credit card payments, outgoing checks, and outgoing bank transfers. Instead, the credit posting is done directly on the bank account. The credit line item on the bank account is always m???If you want to use suspense accounts, you should use the Cash and Bank functionality for SAP Business One that is part of the Payment Engine Add-on.

59 過帳匯率差異 40 LC 10 FC 40 LC 10 FC 20 LC 10 FC 20 LC 20 LC 外幣發票 付款 付款
國外供應商 匯率：0.25 匯率：0.5 40 LC 10 FC 40 LC 10 FC 20 LC 10 FC 20 LC 外幣發票 付款 匯率差異 20 LC Exchange rate fluctuations can cause exchange rate differences when you pay invoices in foreign currencies: The figure shows an A/P invoice which has been issued by a foreign vendor in foreign currency. At the posting day of the invoice the exchange rate was 0.5. The system converts the 10 units foreign currency into 20 unit foreign currency and posts both value???At the time when you post the payment for this invoice the exchange rate has changed to units in foreign currency are now equal to 40 units in local currency. Compared to the value at the time of the invoice there is an exchange rate difference of 20 units local currency. When you post the payment the system automatically posts this exchange rate difference to an exchange rate difference account. The system posts the exchange rate differences as expense or revenue to the accounts that you have entered in the Realized Exchange Diff. Gain field and the Realized Exchange Diff. Loss field on the Sales tab and the Purchase tab under Administration ? Def??? LC：本幣 FC：外幣

60 付款系統：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 定義銀行、開戶行和您的銀行帳戶 使用付款嚮導 定義付款方法

61 銀行定義 銀行帳號 業務夥伴 銀行所在國 銀行代碼 雙擊 銀行定義 總帳科目 總帳銀行帳戶
In the bank definition you assign the Bank Name and the SWIFT number to a key consisting out of country code and bank code. The bank code is a unique identifier for a bank which is different from country to country. Choose Administration ? Definitions ? Banking ? Define Banks to define banks. After you complete the bank definition you can refer to the defined bank when you enter the bank details in a business partner master record on the payment terms tab. You can double-click on any bank in your bank definition and assign your bank account numbers to that bank (in the Bank Branches table). This makes the bank known in the system as one of your house banks. Every bank account must be represented by a G/L acc??鑠

62 預付定金申請 (1) 232 32 232 32 232 1 2 2 2 1 2 2 客戶 稅額 稅額抵銷 收入 预付定金申请 銀行
The figure shows the postings that the system performs when you are using down payment requests for mapping down payments. We will focus on A/R down payments here. The process on the A/P side is identical but with reversed postings. The down payment request itself is not a real posting but serves just as a note for the user or for the system that a down payment is expected from this customer. You can link a down payment request to a sales quotation, a sales order, or a delivery. You c???The down payment request triggers the down payment that is stored in the system as a normal payment document. You can make the down payment manually or by the payment wizard. The down payment closes the down payment request. Note that the tax for the down payment is posted to the normal tax account and an offsetting line is posted to an offsetting account. For A/R down payments, enter the code of the offsetting account into the Down Payment Tax Offsetting Account field on the Tax sub tab on the Sales tab under Administration  Definitions  Financials  G/L Account Determination. For A/P down payments, enter the code of the offsetting account into the Down Payment Tax Offsetting Account field on the Tax sub tab on the Purchasing tab under Administration  Definitions  Financials  G/L Account Determination. The system posts the down payment to a special control account that you have entered in the business partner master record.

63 預付定金申請 (2) 客户 2 232 1 1160 3 4 税额 160 3 32 2 4 税额抵销 32 2 4 收入 1000 3 1 预付定金申请 2 预付定金 3 發票 4 最终付款 银行 232 2 928 4 The invoice is an ordinary invoice without any reference to the down payment. When you receive the final payment, you can select the invoice as well as the down payment (represented by the down payment request) that you want to clear with the invoice. The posting also reverses the tax posting that was originally done by the down pay??烰

64 預付定金發票 (1) 232 232 32 200 232 1 2 1 1 1 2 2 客戶 稅額 預付定金清算 收入 預付定金發票 銀行
预付定金 2 232 The figure shows the postings which the system performs when you are using down payment invoices for mapping down payments. We will focus on A/R down payments here. The process on the A/P side is identical but with reversed postings. The system posts the down payment invoice as an open line item to the customer account. In the general ledger this line item appears on the special control account for down payments that you have entered in the business partner master record and not on the???The down payment invoice triggers the down payment which is stored in the system as a normal payment document. You can make the down payment manually or by the payment wizard. The down payment closes the down payment invoice.

65 預付定金發票 (2) 客戶 稅額 232 1 232 2 32 1 928 3 928 4 128 3 預付定金清算 收入 3 200 200 1 1000 3 1 預付定金發票 銀行 2 预付定金 2 232 3 發票 The invoice is created as an ordinary invoice but you can refer to the down payment. The system then subtracts the down payment from the total amount. The system posts the tax for the open balance and posts an offsetting entry to the line item on the down ???The final payment is an ordinary payment for the open amount that was posted by the invoice. 4 最终付款 4 928

66 付款流程：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 解釋如何構造不同付款方式的付款流程

67 現金付款 現金付款 現金收款 銀行對帳單 銀行 留存現金 供應商 2 借方 2 1 1 OI 使用銀行對帳單 的外部對帳 日記帳分錄 付款
使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 日記帳分錄 付款 付款方式 現金 未清發票 現金收款 客戶 留存現金 銀行 銀行對帳單 OI 1 1 2 2 貸方 未清發票 The figure shows the business transactions and postings for the cash payment process, from the open invoice to the bank statement. For outgoing cash payments, use the Outgoing Payments transaction with the payment means Cash to reconcile the open invoice and generate a posting to the debit side of the vendor account and the credit side of the cash on hand account. The system uses the ???For incoming cash payments, use the Incoming Payments transaction with the payment means Cash to reconcile the open invoice and generate a posting to the debit side of the cash on hand account and the credit side of the customer account. The system uses the cash on hand account defined in the account determination settings. When you later take the money to the bank, you use the Deposit transaction with the payment means Cash so that the system automatically makes a posting to the debit side of the bank account and the credit side of the cash on hand account. The line item in the bank account is initially still identified as open. You then reconcile it with the line item on the account statement. 收款 付款方式 現金 現金 存款 使用銀行對帳單的外部對帳

68 銀行轉帳 經銀行轉帳的付款 經銀行轉帳的收款 1 1 OI 使用銀行對帳單 的外部對帳 未清發票 OI 1 1 未清發票
供應商 借方 1 1 OI 使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 付款 付款方式 銀行轉帳 未清發票 經銀行轉帳的收款 銀行對帳單 客戶 銀行 OI 1 1 貸方 The figure shows the business transactions and postings for the bank transfer process, from the open invoice to the bank statement. To process an outgoing payment by bank transfer, you use the Outgoing Payment transaction with the payment means Bank Transfer or the payment wizard to generate a posting on the debit side of the vendor account and the credit side of the bank account and r???To process an incoming payment by bank transfer, you enter the line item that indicates an incoming bank transfer from your bank statement into the system when you process the bank statement. This line item usually contains the code of the business partner and a reference to the document (the document number of the invoice, a payment reference, or an ISR number). If you select the Create Payment indicator, the system tries to find the A/R invoice to which the bank transfer line item refers to and automatically creates an incoming payment document for it. The line item created for the bank account remains open until you reconcile it with the associated inflow on the bank statement using an external reconciliation. 未清發票 使用“創建付款”輸入銀行對帳單 使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳

69 處理支票付款 1 1 OI 未清發票 使用銀行對帳單 的外部對帳 + 支票付款 列印 銀行對帳單 銀行帳戶 供應商 借方 付款憑證
使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 付款憑證 付款方式 支票 + If you have created an Outgoing Payment using the payment means Check, the payment process goes on as follows: The payment document creates a journal entry that closes the open invoice on the vendor account and posts the offsetting entry to the G/L account that represents the bank account. At the same time, the system creates a check for payment document. You can display the check for payment document under Banking ? Outgoing Payments ? Checks for Payment. From the Checks for Payment transaction, you can print the check individually and send it to your vendor. Alternatively, you can use Banking ? Document Printing and choose the document type Check for Payment to print a group of checks at once. The line item created for the bank account remains open until you reconcile it with the associated outflow on the bank statement using an external reconciliation. 支票付款 列印

70 支票付款 保存為草稿 支票付款草稿 支票付款 已取消 取消 添加 或手動創建 無效 貸記科目 順序 1 1 付款憑證 付款方式 支票
Deutsche Bank To The printed text must not be modified or crossed out. Acc. No. X € - 400,- - Four*Hundred - 已取消 保存為草稿 Deutsche Bank To The printed text must not be modified or crossed out. Acc. No. X € - 400,- - Four*Hundred - 支票付款草稿 無效 支票付款 貸記科目 順序 You can create Checks for Payments documents in two different ways. When you create an Outgoing Payment using the payment means Check, the system automatically creates a check for payment document. You can display the check for payment document under Banking ? Outgoing Payments ? Checks for Payment. You can also directly use the Checks for Payment transaction to create a check for payment document that is not linked to an invoice. You can issue this check to any vendor account, customer account, or G/L account. In this case, you can choose whether a j???You want to make a payment on account to a vendor without referring to an invoice. You want to create checks to pay your employees. In this case you create the check to the order of the G/L account for wage expenses and credit your bank account. In case you want to cancel a payment, you can void the check for payment document in the system. The check for payment document then gets the journal remark canceled. If a payment document or a journal entry exists for the check for payment document, the s???Choose Banking  Outgoing Payments  Voiding Checks for Payment to void checks. You can also cancel a check for payment document from the Checks for Payment transaction. If you want to issue the same type of check regularly, you can use the checks for payment transaction to create the check for payment document as a draft and use this draft as a template. To transform a check draft into a check for payment document, use Ba??鑠 1 1

71 處理收款支票－現金支票 銀行對帳單 贷方 客戶 1 OI 應收支票 银行 2 1 2 未清發票 收款 付款方式 支票 支票存款
使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 When you receive a check from a customer, you create an Incoming Payment with the payment means Check for the customer that closes the open invoice on the account and posts the check on a checks received account. This account represents the check drawer in???You can keep track of all transactions with incoming checks using the Check Fund transaction. Choose Banking  Incoming Payments  Check Fund.

72 處理收款支票－未到期支票 客户 1 OI 應收支票 未到期支票 2 3 銀行 1 2 3 貸方 未清發票 收款 付款方式 支票 未到期存款
未到期支票存款 使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 In some countries, the customers can write postdated checks that you cannot immediately cash. With postdated checks, you have several options as described here. You can keep the postdated checks in your cash drawer (and on your check account) until they automatically turn into cash checks when the date is reached. You then deposit them as cash checks. Some banks increase your credit limit if you deposit postdated checks before they are due. This is handled the following way: Choose Banking ? Deposits ? Deposit and then the Checks tab. Select the Postdated Checks indicator to deposit postdated checks. Enter a special account for postdated checks as the bank account. The deposit then creates a journal entry that debits the accou???When the date on the check arrives, the bank cashes the checks and informs you. Choose Banking  Deposits  Postdated Check Deposit to create a journal entry that debits the bank account and credits the account for postdated checks. This deposit can automatically reconcile the debit and credit postings on the postdated check account. The automatic reconciliation is carried out using the Ref. 3 field, which contains the check number. The line item created for the bank account remains open until you reconcile it with the associated inflow on the bank statement using an external reconciliation. You can keep track of all transactions with incoming checks using the Check Fund transaction. Choose Banking ? Incoming Payments ? Check Fund.

73 處理信用卡付款 銀行帳戶 供應商 銀行對帳單 借方 1 1 OI 使用銀行對帳單 的外部對帳 付款 付款方式 信用卡 未清發票
使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 付款 付款方式 信用卡 未清發票 If you have created an Outgoing Payment with the payment means Credit Card, the payment document creates a journal entry that closes the open invoice on the vendor account and posts the offsetting entry to the G/L account that represents the bank account. ???

74 處理信用卡收款 客戶 1 OI 信用卡 1 2 延期帳户 2 3 银行 3 贷方 未清發票 收款 付款方式 信用卡 信用卡憑證存款
延期信用卡憑證存款 使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳 When you receive a credit card payment from a customer, you create an Incoming Payment with the payment means Credit Card that closes the open invoice on the customer’s account and posts the amount on a credit card account. This account represents the cred???If you bring the credit vouchers to the bank before the value date, the bank keeps the voucher separately on a deferred account. Choose Banking  Deposits  Deposit and then the Credit Cards tab to create a journal entry that debits the deferred account and credits the credit card account. This deposit can automatically reconcile the debit and credit postings on the credit card account. The automatic reconciliation is carried out using the Ref. 3 field, which contains the number of the credit card voucher and the installment number. When the value date arrives, the bank cashes the credit vouchers and informs you. Choose Banking ? Deposits ? Postdated Credit Voucher Deposit to create a journal entry that debits the bank account and credits the deferred account. The line item created fo??溰Choose Banking  Incoming Payments  Credit Card Management to keep track of all transactions with incoming credit card payments. Choose Banking  Incoming Payments  Credit Card Summary to get an overview of the total amount of credit vouchers that you accepted each day.

75 信用卡憑證存款（一種用於全部付款或一種用於分期付款）
處理信用卡收款 — 分期付款 客戶 1 OI 信用卡 延期帳戶 銀行 1 2 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 贷方 … … … … 贷方 未清發票 2 2 3 3 … 贷方 付款 付款方式 信用卡 信用卡憑證存款（一種用於全部付款或一種用於分期付款） 延期信用卡存款 In some countries, customers can specify that they want to pay the credit card amount in several monthly installments. Choose Administration ? Definitions ? Banking ? Define Credit Card Payment Methods to define alternative methods for how incoming credit ???If installments are allowed, you can specify if the system should either generate one credit voucher per installment or one for the whole amount. If you have one credit voucher per installment, you can deposit them separately. In any case, your bank receives your claim as several installments that you post to the bank account using the Postdated Credit Voucher Deposit transaction. The line item created for the bank account remains open until you reconcile it with the associated inflow on the bank statement using an external reconciliation. 使用銀行對帳單　 的外部對帳

76 銀行：單元摘要 學員現在能夠： 處理收款和付款 配置並使用付款嚮導 內部對帳科目 輸入外部銀行對帳單並使用銀行帳戶對其進行對帳
解釋如何構造不同付款方式的付款流程

77 期末結算和報表 內容 過帳期間的使用 期末準備 財務報表 增值稅

78 期末結算和報表：主題目標 在本單元結束時，學員將能夠： 創建、打開並關閉過帳期間 執行不同的期末結算準備工作
創建財務報表範本以運行不同的財務報表 定義稅收組並生成稅收報表

79 期末結算和報表：業務情景 每個期末財務部門都會執行一些結算工作。學員可以使用調整後資料編制報表並提供必需的法定報表。

80 期末工作：主題目標 在本主題結束時，學員將能夠： 創建過帳期間 打開並關閉過帳期間 使用自動沖銷來撤回調整過帳

81 過帳期間 年度 1 2 3 4 季度 會計年度 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 月份 天 To create posting periods in SAP Business One, you must specify a code and name for the fiscal year (for example, 2004 as the key, and Year 2004 as the name). You must then define how this fiscal year is to be split. You can split the fiscal year into: Year (one sub-period) Quarters (four sub-periods) Months (twelve sub-periods) Days (any number of sub-periods, usually 365 or 366) Using this information, the system automatically creates the corresponding number of posting periods. You can change these periods, if necessary. The codes for the posting periods are structured the following way: <fiscal year key>-<number sequence for the???To create a new posting period, choose Administration  System Initialization  General Settings and choose New Period on the Posting Periods tab. To maintain an existing posting period (for example, to change the status), choose Administration ? System Initialization ? General Settings and go into the posting period to be changed.