Learning and teaching aims教学目标

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1 Learning and teaching aims教学目标
一、功能：learn about the Passive Voice（被动语态） 二、词汇和常用表达:能正确使用下列词汇和常用表达： chopstick，coin，folk，environmental…… 各种时态的被动语态（be + done） 三、学习策略： 通过小组合作来完成对被动语态的理解 四、情感教育: 加强小组合作，促进团队协作精神。

2 预习检测： 小组讨论一 1.语态分几种？分别是什么？ 2.被动语态的构成 3.被动语态的肯定句，否定句及疑问句的变化
4.一般现在时态，一般过去时态，一般将来时态 及情态动词的被动语态分别是什么？ 小组讨论一

3 动词的语态 主动语态和被动语态。 许多人都说英语。 （主动句） Many people speak English. 英语被许多人说。 （被动句） English is spoken by many people.

4 口诀 主动语态变被动语态的结构图: 宾变主，主变宾（前加by）, 谓语动词变be done
Many people speak English .（主动句） English is spoken by many people. （被动句） 宾 主 谓 主 be + done（谓） 宾语

5 be + 过去分词(done) + (by …) 被动语态结构： 口诀 be有人称，数量，和时态的变化 先找主谓宾，再把宾变主，
主动变被动，主语变介宾！

6 1. 规则动词的过去分词： 1) 一般情况在动词原形后加-ed 2) 以不发音 e 结尾的加-d 3) 以辅音加 y 结尾的，去 y 变 i 加-ed 4) 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音 字母, 先双写该辅音字母, 再加-ed watch---watched practice---practiced study---studied stop---stopped

7 2. 不规则动词的过去分词： have am is been has are done write written do go gone
had has are done write written do go gone come come

8 不规则过去分词 get got gotten go eat are went gone do cut ate eaten say
were been did done cut cut said said

9 不规则过去分词 take took taken swim drink have swam swum come put drank drunk
see took taken swam swum drank drunk had had came come put put saw seen

10 P184-185 归纳不规则动词过去式、过去分词 AAA型 ：cut cut cut … AAB型 ：beat beat beaten …
ABA型 ：come came come … ABB型 ：send sent sent … ABC型 ：grow grew grown …

11 be + 过去分词(done) + (by …) 被动语态的构成：be +done am / is / are done 一般现在时：
一般过去时： was / were done be + 过去分词(done) + (by …) 抢答题

12 1.一般现在时的被动语态结构： am/is/are +过去分词 They play football on Sunday.
Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class.

13 2.一般过去时的被动语态结构： was/were +过去分词 1. They bought ten computers last term．
were bought by them last term. 2.We planted many trees last year. Many trees were planted last year.

14 考点例析 Hong Kong ______ to be a good place for eating today. (2012 河北) A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was known 【考点点拨】 首先根据today一词及句意确定时态为一般现在时，其次因为香港与know之间是被动关系，所以用被动语态。is known 被……所认识，了解。

15 【2013广西南宁】 Han Han’s books were popular. They _______ by many teenagers.
A. is read B. was read C. are read D. were read 【解析】由上句可知韩寒的书很受欢迎，用一般过去时；主语they是复数形式，故答案选D项。

16 当堂检测 1.He speaks English . English is spoken by him.
2.People play football all over the world. 3. Mr. Green teaches us this term. Football is played all over the world by people. We are taught by Mr. Green this term. 4.They did homework last evening. Homework was done by them last evening.

17 主动语态变被动语态 Our classroom is cleaned by us every day.
1.They built the tall building last year. 2.We clean our classroom every day. 3.They used this room for resting. 4.They planted many trees years ago. The tall building was built by them last year. Our classroom is cleaned by us every day. This room was used for resting by them. Many trees were planted by them years ago.

18 1.肯定句: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…)
被动语态的几种句型 1.肯定句: 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 2.否定句:主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…) The classroom is not cleaned by us every day. 3.一般疑问句:Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? Is the classroom cleaned by you every day? 4. 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? When is the classroom cleaned by you?

19 Do exercises . 1.The book is written in English.(改为否定句) The book ____ ______ in English. 2.He’s often asked to come here.(改为一般疑问句) ___ he often _____ to come here？ 3.The boy uses knives for cutting apples.(改为被动语态) ______ ___ ____ for cutting apples by the boy. 4.Students clean the classroom every day .(改为被动语态） isn’t written Is asked Knives are used The classroom is cleaned by students every day.

20 will be+过去分词 3.一般将来时的被动语态结构： 1.They will finish the work in ten days.
will be finished by them in ten days. 2.Tom will clean the room tomorrow. The room will be cleaned by Tom tomorrow.

21 can/may/must/should/have to + be+过去分词
4.含有情态动词的被动语态结构： can/may/must/should/have to + be+过去分词 1.Amy can take good care of Gina ． by Amy. can be taken good care of Gina 2.You should drink more water. by you. More water should be drunk

22 1. We will write a diary next class.
2. Tom is going to hold a birthday party A diary will be written by us next class. A birthday party is going to be held by Tom. 3. You must throw the broken things away at once. 4. We have to finish our homework on time. The broken things must be thrown away at once. Our homework has to be finished on time.

23 is / am / are + being ＋过去分词
5.现在进行时的被动语态的结构 is / am / are + being ＋过去分词 1.Some workers are painting the rooms now． The rooms are being painted by some workers now. 2.He is watching TV. TV is being watched by him.

24 have / has ＋been ＋过去分词 6.现在完成时的被动语态的结构
1.We have made twenty more keys． Twenty more keys have been made by us. 2.We have finished our compositions. Our compositions have been finished by us.

25 5.I took care of my sister yesterday.
My sister was taken care of by me yesterday. 6. People built the Great Wall long ago. 7. Two years ago we used the machines to make shoes for children. The Great Wall was built by people long ago. Two years ago the machines were used to make shoes for children (by us).

26 10. We will write a diary next class.
11. Tom is going to hold a birthday party A diary will be written by us next class. A birthday party is going to be held by Tom. 12. You must throw the broken things away at once. 13. We have to finish our homework on time. The broken things must be thrown away at once. Our homework has to be finished on time.

27 2. We _________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month.
Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 4a are not allowed 1. Children under 18 _______________ (not allowed) to watch this show without their parents. 2. We _________ (pay) by the boss on the last Friday of each month. 3. A: What language ___________ (speak) in Germany? B: Most people speak German, but many can speak English, too. 4. Most of the earth’s surface __________ (cover) by water. 5. The classroom needs to _________ (clean) every day. are paid is spoken is covered be cleaned 27 27

28 2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast.
Rewrite the sentences using the passive voice. 2. In China, farmers grow the best rice in the northeast. 3. Careless driving causes many traffic accidents. In China, the best rice are grown in the northeast. Many traffic accidents are caused by careless driving. 28 28

29 4. The postman brings letters and postcards to people’s homes.
5. Our family does not use this silver plate very often. Letters and postcards are brought to people’s homes. This silver plate is not used very often in our family. 29 29

30 1) Many trees ______________ now. 2) Thousands of trees ___________
Fill in the blanks: 1) Many trees ______________ now. 2) Thousands of trees ___________ every year . 3) Many trees ___________ last year. 4) Many more trees _______________ since 1990. 5) Many trees ____________ in a week. 6) They said two hundred trees _______________ since last year. 7) The teacher told us many trees _______________ the next year. 8) He said two trees _______________ by him at this time yesterday. are being planted are planted were planted have been planted will be planted had been planted would be planted were being planted

31 表格：被动态基本结构 时态 被动语态结构 一般现在时 一般过去时 现在进行时 过去进行时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在完成时 过去完成时
am/is/are done was/were done am/is/are being done was/were being done shall/will/be going to be done would be done have/has been done had been done 情态动词 can/may/must/could/should/have to be done

32 被动语态特殊用法

33 → → → → 变被动语态的特殊情况 一、双宾语 buy sb. sth =buy sth for sb
1.My father bought me a computer.=My father bought a computer for me. buy sb. sth =buy sth for sb → A computer was bought for me by my father. → I was bought a computer by my father. 2.He gives me a book.=He gives a book to me. give sb sth =give sth to sb → A book is given to me by him. → I am given a book by him. give sth be given to sb buy sth be bought for sb sb be given sth sb be bought sth 类似动词还有：pass, show… , make, cook…

34 思考1：将下列的主动句变为被动语态： 1．We gave him some books. →He →Some books was given some books (by us) were given to him (by us) 2. Tom gave me a birthday present. (改为被动） = I _________ a birthday present by Tom. = A birthday present ___________ me. was given was given to

35 变为被动时加上to 二、无to不定式 feel listen to/ hear let/have/make
感官动词及使役动词的被动语态 一感 二听 三让 四看 有些动词很奇怪，主动句中to离开，被动句中to回来。 feel listen to/ hear let/have/make watch/ see/ look at/ notice eg. We often see him play basketball. He is often seen to play basketball by us. Eg. make sb do sth →sb be made to do sth see sb do sth →sb be seen to do sth

36 12．I usually hear her sing English songs in the morning.
She in the morning. is usually heard to sing English songs

37 14．He makes her horse work all day.
Her horse all day. 15. My father let me go out for a picnic. I out for a picnic. is made to work was let to go

38 三、注意动词短语的 完整性 动词短语的被动语态 take care of －be taken care of
cut down －be cut down laugh at －be laughed at look after－be looked after listen to --- be listened to speak to --- be spoken to eg. 1.We should speak to the old politely. The old should be spoken to politely. 2. The nurse takes good care of the baby. The baby is taken good care of by the nurse.

39 2. 连系动词 , 如: be, look, seem, feel…
四、不用被动语态的三种情况： 1.不及物动词(vi.) 如:happen, take place , appear, die, rise, come true, come out … 2. 连系动词 , 如: be, look, seem, feel… 3. 当动词表示事物的自然属性的时候，如：sell well, grow well, write fast, burn easily … happened eg.1. An accident (happen) just now. 2. I’m sure that my dream (come true) some day in the future will come true 3

40 It is said that... 据说 It is reported that... 据报道 It is (well) known that...众所周知 require/need+doing相当于 require/need to be done 例如：My bike needs repairing. = My bike needs to be repaired. The room requires cleaning. =The room requires to be cleaned.

41 Find out the difficulties.
1.The old should_____in our country. A.be taken good care B.be taken good care of C.take good care of D.are taken good care B 难点聚焦 2.Mary____the song at the party. A.heard singing B.was heard singing C.was heard to sing D. was heard sing C 3.The boy_____the hospial already. A.sent for B.has been sent to C.had sent for D.has sent to 4.This bike ____ me last year. bought to B. has been bought for C.was bought for D. had been bought to B C

42 9.My father bought me a computer.
10.He gives me a book. 11.He made the boy cry. I was bought a computer by my father. A computer was bought for me by my father. I am given a book by him. A book is given to me by him The boy was made to cry by him. 12.I see him play basketball every afternoon. He is seen to play basketball every afternoon.

43 被动语态的构成：be +done 拓展一下 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为
被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 。 　被动语态的构成：be +done 一般现在时： 一般过去时： 一般将来时： 当句中含有情态动词时，句子结构为 am / is / are done was / were done will be done; be going to be done can / must / have to…be done 拓展一下 现在进行时： am / is / are being done 过去进行时： was / were being done 现在完成时： have / has been done 过去完成时： had been done

44 Football is played by them on Sunday.
They play football on Sunday. Lucy does the homework in the evening. They often use computers in class. We make these machines in Beilun. People speak English as the first language in UK. Football is played by them on Sunday. The homework is done by Lucy in the evening. Computers are often used by them in class. These machines are made in Beilun. English is spoken as the first language in UK.

45 Our classroom was cleaned by us just now.
They built the tall building last year. He took good care of his little brother yesterday. We cleaned our classroom just now. They used this room for resting. They planted many trees years ago. The tall building was built by them last year. His little brother was taken good care of by him yesterday. Our classroom was cleaned by us just now. This room was used for resting by them. Many trees were planted by them years ago.

46 We will have a sports meeting next week.
Children will take some photos in the schoolyard tomorrow. The headmaster will give a talk this afternoon. The farmers will grow different kinds of vegetables next spring. Uncle Wang will mend the TV set tomorrow. A sports meeting will be had by us next week. Some photos will be taken by children in the schoolyard tomorrow. A talk will be given by the headmaster this afternoon. Different kinds of vegetables will be grown by the farmers next spring. The TV set will be mended by Uncle Wang tomorrow.

47 The baby can be taken care of by him.
1.He can take care of the baby. 2.Lucy may draw the pictures. 3.You must turn off the lights. 4.They should learn English well. 5.Jim could do it yesterday. The baby can be taken care of by him. The picture may be drawn by Lucy. The lights must be turned off by you. English should be learned well by them. It could be done by Jim yesterday.

48 1.People use knives for cutting things.
七嘴八舌 (变被动语态） 1.People use knives for cutting things. Knives ______ ______ for cutting things. 2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month. The windows of their classroom______ _______ twice a month. are used are cleaned

49 3.I found the ticket on the floor.
4.I told her to return the book in time. She ______ _______ to return the book in time. 3. We found the ticket on the floor . The ticket was found was told

50 5. Did you plant many trees at this time last year?
_______ ______ _______ _______ at this time last time? 6.Must we finish our work today? _______ our work______ _______ today? Were many trees planted Must be finished

51 7.The teacher asked Tom to turn on the computer.
8.In this factory women do most of the work. Most of the work _______ ________ by women in this factory. was asked is done

52 9.He can mend the bike in two days.
10.You must take this medicine three times a day. This medicine _______ _______ ________ three times a day. can be mended must be taken