Language points for reading

Presentation on theme: "Language points for reading"— Presentation transcript:

1

2 Language points for reading

3 1. rare: 稀罕的, 稀有的 a rare disease 罕见的病 2. valuable 贵重的, 有价值的 Gold is valuable because it is a scarce metal.

4 3. survive vt &vi 幸存 Fortunately he survived the traffic accident. Camels can survive for many days with no water. survivor (n.) 幸存者 survival (n.) 幸存 The helicopter picked up all the ________. They prayed for the _______ of the sailors. survivors survival

5 4 ___________ the Amber Room In search of
in search of = in the/one’s search for 中的search是名词，意思是“寻找,搜寻”。 make a search for… 搜查… search vi. /vt 搜查 search sb./ sp. 搜身或搜某地 search for 搜寻 search sb./ sp. for… 搜身或搜某地以寻找…

6 5. Frederick William I, the king of Prussia,
____ never _____________ that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. could have imagined can’t/couldn’t have done 一定没做(对过去情况的推测,语气较肯定，疑，否句中) 情态动词＋ have done may(might) have done 可能做了（对过去情况的推测） I may have seen the film but I’m not sure. It must have rained last week. I should have told you earlier. You shouldn’t have cheated in exams. You needn’t have bought such a dear watch for her. It wasn’t a long way, we could have walked there. must have done一定做了(过去情况的推测，语气较肯定，肯定句中 should/ought to have done本该做而没做（对已发生事情的批评责怪 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done本不该做但是做了（同上） needn’t have done本不必做但是做了（对已发生事情的批评责怪） could have done本可能做而没能做（对已发生事情的后悔，遗憾）

7 I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left
I’m sorry I couldn’t get in touch with him before he left. I ____him earlier. A must have phoned B might have phoned C should have phoned D would have phoned John’s score on the test is the highest in the class. He _____. A should study last night B should have studied last night C must have studied last night D need study last night

8 gift n. [C] 礼物 (比present正式）
a gift to sb. 送给……的礼物 have a gift for… 在……方面有天赋 gifted (adj.) 有天赋的 He has got lots of birthday gifts. He is a man of gifts. 他多才多艺。 The boy has a gift for music.

9 such 与表示数量的形容词连用时，应放在此类
such + a/ an + adj. + n. [单数] such + adj. + n. [U]或n. [pl] so + adj. + a/ an + n. [单数] so + adj./ adv. so many (few) + n. [pl] so much (little) + n. [U] such 与表示数量的形容词连用时，应放在此类 词的后面：no such man, many such books

10 How do you feel the first time you look at it?
amber room How do you feel the first time you look at it? I feel _______ at the room. _________ amazing amazed amaze (surprise)

11 They have invited us to visit
their country, which is very kind of them. Usually they take a walk after supper, which does them a lot of good. were used to make

12 Practice: be used to do sth. 被用来做…… be used to doing sth. 习惯于做……
The wood will ______________ tables. He is quite ____________ (live)with the farmers . She ___________ (come)a lot, but now we seldom see her. be used to make used to living used to come

13 6. This gift was the Amber Room, ________was given this name because several tons of ________were used to make it. which amber 1. The chairman, ____ spoke first, sat on my right. 2. The speech, ______ bored everyone, went on and on . 3. On April 1 they flew to Beijing, ______ they stayed several days. 4. I’m seeing the manager tomorrow, ______ he will be back from New York. who which where when

14 be made of 用…制成(看得出原材料) be made from 用…制成(看不出原材料) be made for 为…而制作
be made into 被制成… be made of 用…制成(看得出原材料) be made from 用…制成(看不出原材料) be made for 为…而制作 be made up of 由…组成 Ex. 用以上短语完成句子。 1). A car ________________many different parts. 2). The chair ______________wood. 3). The wine ________________grapes. 4). I’m a cake my mother. 5). Wood can ____________paper. is made up of is made of is made from making for be made into

15 7. The amber which was________ had a beautiful yellow –brown colour like ______. The ______ of the room was in the ______ _____ popular in those days. It was also a treasure _________ with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best _______ about ten years to make. selected honey design fancy style decorated artists

16 have designs on/ against sb./ sth. 图谋，谋害 by design 故意地，蓄意地
select: 选择 (choose carefully) design: n. 图案，设计（表具体意义）[C]; 图谋 （一般使用复数形式） 设计（表抽象意义） [U] v. 设计，计划，构思 have designs on/ against sb./ sth. 图谋，谋害 by design 故意地，蓄意地 be designed for 供……使用，为……而设计的

17 It is a person creates things can be considered works of art.
in … style: 以…风格=in the style of be decorated with: 用…装饰 artist: (艺术家) It is a person creates things can be considered works of art. ___________ ___________ A who B whom C where D which

18 The design of the room was in the fancy style popular in those days.
屋子的设计是当时流行的极富艺术表现力的 建筑式样． popular in those days 形容词短语作后置定语修饰 They have a house larger than yours. = a house which is larger than yours. The boys easiest to teach are in my class. = the boys who are easiest to teach.

19 It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewels, which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make. [点拨] 本句是一个主从复合句。 逗号前为主句，其中“decorated with gold and jewels”为过去分词短语作treasure的后置定语；逗号后为which 引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词treasure。take sb. some time表示“花了某人一些时间”。这个结构也可改写为句型： it takes sb. some time to do sth.

20 如： The job was very difficult, which took the workers ten months to do. 这项工作十分困难，它花费了工人们十个月的时间。 It took me quite a long time to understand the meaning of the painting. 我花了相当长的时间才理解了那幅画的意义。

21 辨析：take, pay, cost 和spend
1). It takes (sb.) + 时间/金钱 + to do sth. pay sb. pay for sth. pay sb. + 金钱 pay sb. for sth. 2). pay只能用人做主语

22 3). cost只能用物做主语，不用被动语态。
sth. cost + (sb.) + 时间/金钱 sth. cost sb. 某事使某人以……为代价 4). sb. spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 或(in) doing sth.

23 8. Frederick William I , ________ the amber room ________, …
to whom belonged belong to 属于 这电脑是属于我的 The computer is belonging to me. (×) The computer is belonged to me. (×) The computer belongs to me. (√)

24 belong to is not used in the continuous tense or the passive voice.
Conclusion: (belong to不可用于现在进行时态 或是被动语态) Chang chun Yuan __Yuan Ming Yuan, which is made of 3 parks A is belonged to B belongs to C is belonging to D belong to B

25 to whom [考点] 介词+关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句。 [考例1] He was educated at the local high school, ______ he went on to Beijing University. (江苏2009) A. after which B. after that C. in which D. in that [点拨] 根据句子意思可知从句的动作发生在主句之后，所以用介词after, which指代的是前面的整个句子。

26 [考例2] Last week，only two people came to look at the house， ______ wanted to buy it. (安徽2007)
A． none of them B． both of them C． none of whom D． neither of whom [点拨] 根据句子意思可知定语从句的先行词是only two people, 这样就可以确定应选neither 或both, 根据句子结构可知后面句子作定语从句，故选D。

27 9. In return, the Czar sent him a troop of his best soldiers
in return = in exchange 回报,作为报酬 What can we do for them in return for all the help they have given us? 我们将怎样来报答他们所给予我们的种种帮助呢? in return for sth. 作为…的交换/回报 by return 立即作答；立即答复 in turn 轮流地,依次; 反过来 by turns 轮流地,时而…时而…

28 10 …the room served as a small reception hall for important visitors.
(1). serve as表示“担任；用作…；起…作用” eg: This serves as my daughter’s room. serve sb with sth. 用某物招待某人 sth. be served 提供某物 serve in the army 在军队服役 serve sth. out 把（食物）分给大家 serve sth. up 提出；提供 相关 词组：

29 (2). reception表示“接待；被接待”时，是可数名词，常用单数形式；作“接待的方式；接待处”讲时，是不可数名词。
eg: We are preparing rooms for the reception of guests. 我们正准备房间接待来宾。 His talk was given a warm reception. 他的讲话获得了热烈欢迎。 He is waiting for you at reception. 他在接待处等你。

30 11. Later, CatherineⅡ had the Amber Room moved to the palace…
have sth. done结构表示两种意义： ①、让别人做某事，使某事被做 ②、遭遇某种不幸。 1) 我的单车坏了,需要修理. 2) 昨晚我的钱包被人偷了. My bike is broken, I will have it repaired. I had my wallet stolen last night.

31 do 让…做… have sb. / sth. doing 让…一直做… done 请人…/某物遭受… Mother had me clean the room. The boss had his workers working all day. have sth. done 表示 “请人做某事” eg. I had my hair cut yesterday. I want to have my bike repaired. 还可表示 “使遭遇某种(不幸的)事情” eg. I had my watch stolen last night. He had his leg broken in the match last week.

32 12. She told her atrists to add more details to it.
add----to 把----添加到 add up 合计，把----加起来 add to 增加，增添 add up to 合计是，总起来就意味着 Add up 3,4and 5 ,and you will get 12. I didn’t want to add to my mother’s misery. She added some salt to the soup. These figures add up to 270. All this adds up to a new concept of Mars.

33 13  …the room was completed
the way she wanted it. she wanted it 是定语从句修饰 the way, 后面的关系代词可用that / in which 或都不用。 the way表示“以…的方式”，其前面省略了介词in, in the/ this/that/ my way 中介词通常可以省略。 the way she wanted it 可以看成是方式状语从句,意为“照…,据…”,就相当于连词as in a way, in the way 也有类似的用法 Eg. 她以我喜欢的方式烹调鸡肉。 She cooks chicken in the way I like.

34 14. Although the amber room was considered one of the wonders of the world, it is now missing.
consider（认为，以为） sb.(sth.) + adj. / n. sb.(sth.) + to be sb.(sth.) + as… / that-clause consider （考虑） + n. / doing sth. + 疑问词 +to do sth.

35 consider…as…. === think of….as…
把…当作 look on(upon)….as…. take …as…. regard….as…. Abraham Lincoln is generally considered _________ the greatest president of America. A. to be B. as C. / D. All of the above.

36 15 be at war 处于交战状态 =fighting against each other This was a time when the two countries ____________. were at war The two countries __________________ for many years. People there are suffering a lot. have been at war

37 介词+名词 (表状态) at war/work/home/table on show/duty/sale/holiday/fire/watch in trouble/danger/battle/doubt under repair/discussion/construction

38 16. less than 少于 The young man is less than twenty years old. 这个年轻人不到 20 岁。 no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有……之多; 多达” 强调多 not less than 意为“不少于; 至少”

39 17. There is no ______that the boxes were then
put on a train for Konigsberg, ___________ a German city on the Baltic Sea. doubt at that time (App –cl)同位语从句 1 They had to face the fact that the nearest hotel is thirty kilometers away. 2 The doctors came to the conclusion that the patient was suffering from cancer. 此类从句通常用that来引导(同位语从句)

40 ※  There is no doubt 后接名词时，需用介词 about / of ,
eg. There is no doubt about / of his honesty. doubt 也可作及物动词，“怀疑，不信”, 在肯定句中常接whether / if 从句，在否定句中常接 that 从句 eg. I doubt whether we can get the first place in the competition. I don’t doubt that he will tell us the truth.

41 ---Do you doubt ____ he’ll be fired by the school ? No, not a bit A. that B. whether C. if D. about --- Lily is sure to win the oral English contest. --- But I doubt ____ she will make it A. that B. whether C. how D. when 3) I have no doubt in my mind ___ they will be glad to see me A. if B. whether C. that D. of

42 18. remain (1) vi. 留下, 遗留 I went to the city, but my brother remained at home. (2) link-verb. 后接n. /adj. /介词短语/表位置的adv. My friend became a boss, but I remained a teacher. The death of the old man remained unknown. The problem remains to be discussed.

43 Nothing remains but to send the
invitation out. (只要…就行了) It only remains for me to sign the paper that you gave me. (某人所要做的只是某事) He bought a new book with the _________ (剩下的) 40 yuan. =He bought a new book with the 40 yuan ___. (剩下的) remaining left

44 [考例1] Although he has taken a lot of medicine, his health ______ poor.
A. proves B. remains C. maintains D. continues [点拨] remain 意为“仍然是”，后接形容词作表语。prove 证明；maintain 维持；continue 继续。

45 [考例2] It was already past midnight and only three young men ______ in the tea house.
A. left B. remained C. delayed D. deserted [点拨] remain 意为“停留; 逗留”。delay 耽搁；desert 遗弃。

46 19. former a. 以前的, 从前的 Her former husband 她的前夫 n. 前者 Of the two possibilities, the former seems more likely.

47 20. worth, worthy, worth-while都为adj.
意为“值得” worth: be worth + n.　 当名词为金钱时, 表示“…… 值得……” be worth doing sth. “…某事值得被做” The question is not worth discussing again and again.

48 worthy: be worthy of +n.　当名词为抽象名词时表示 “…值得……” be worthy to be done "某事值得被做" The question is not worthy to be discussed again and again. worth-while: be worth-while to do sth　 “值得做某事” It is worth while doing sth It is worth while sb to do sth.

49 典型例题 It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again. A. worth　 B. worthy　
C. worth-while　D. worth while 答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worth-while to do sth.。因此选C。

50 I. 根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出该单词的正确形式。
1. The gloves were ________ (设计) for extremely cold climates. 2. I wouldn’t tell lies to you; that’s not my ____ (风格). 3. The woman was delighted at the recovery of her stolen ______ (珠宝). 4. There is no ______ (怀疑) that we will be successful. designed style jewels doubt

51 5. _________ (接收效果) of TV programs is unsatisfactory here.
6. I don’t f_____ walking in the rain. 7. The a____ showed me his paintings. 8. He is very f_____ with everyone; he never joins in a laugh. 9. No bees, no h_____; no work, no money. 10. T_____ were sent to protect the Oil Ministry against surprise attack. Reception fancy artist formal honey Troops

52 II. 用所给单词的适当形式填空。 1. It was _______ (amaze) that he knew nothing about the event. 2. That shop has a fine _______ (select) of cakes. 3. Our _______ (wood) sofa seems not very comfortable. 4. We haven’t told our friends about our _______(remove) to London. 5. His dream of becoming an _____ (art) has come true. amazing selection wooden removal artist

53 6. Two leaders _______ (secret) flew to that country to solve the problem.
7. It is ________(doubt) whether he can carry on his tasks as president for the next five years. 8. Why is it that he ______ (rare) mentions his childhood? secretly doubtful rarely

54 III. 翻译 不到十分钟的时间他就完成了作业。 (less than) 2. 你和我属于不同的班级。 (belong to) 3. 我送给他一份礼物以回报他对我的帮助。(in return for) He finished his homework in less than ten minutes. You and I belong to different classes. I sent him a present in return for his help.

55 4. 这个国家与邻国已打了两年仗了。(at war)
5. 毫无疑问他会来帮助你的。(there is no doubt) The country has been at war with its neighbor for two years. There is no doubt that he will come to help you. 6. 这所房子真的值得买。(worth) 7. 商务信函应该用正式文体。(in...style) The house is really worth buying. The business letter should be written in a formal style.