找出关系词及先行词 1. He’s the person who discovered America.

Presentation on theme: "找出关系词及先行词 1. He’s the person who discovered America."— Presentation transcript:

1 Grammar (Unit 4) Attributive clause/Defining ralative clauses (定语从句) ------By xiehongfeng

2 找出关系词及先行词 1. He’s the person who discovered America.
2. Tell me the person who you want to write about . 3. I believe that he’s the best football player that has ever played. 4. Have you found the information that you need for your article? 5. I’ve found a website that gives a detailed introduction to Columbus. who/the person who/the person that/player that/the information that/website

3 １．概念及相关术语 １）概念：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句．定义从句一般紧跟在他所修饰的先行词之后．
１）概念：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句．定义从句一般紧跟在他所修饰的先行词之后．　 ２）先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词． ３）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词如that,which,who,whom,when,where,why等

4 ２．关系代词的基本用法 人／物 作主语 作宾语 作定语 指人 Who/that Who/ whom/ that/省略 whose 指物
作主语　　　　 作宾语 作定语 指人　 Who/that Who/ whom/ that/省略 whose 指物 Which/ that Which/ that/省略

5 (1)who指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，通常可以省略．
e.g. The man who spoke at the meeting is from China. 　如： 会上发言的人来自中国．　 　The lady （who/whom) he is talking to is his girlfriend. 如：和他正在交谈的女士是他的女友． (2)which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或作宾语，作宾语时常略． e.g.The building which is being built will be used as a hospital. 　如：正在建设中的这栋建筑被用作医院． 　　I don’t like the story which he told me a few days ago.　 　如：我不喜欢几天前他给我讲的那个故事． (3)that可以指人，也可以指物．指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which. that 作宾语时常省略. e.g.The woman athlete that(who/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal. 如：我在报纸上看到的那位女运动员刚刚获得了一枚金牌． 　Tomato is a useful vegetable that(which) is good for health. 如：西红柿是一种对健康很有益的蔬菜．

6 温馨提示： (4)whose通常指人，也可以指物，在定语从句中作定语． 如：我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家．
e.g I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world . 如：我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家． 　 Mr. Green lives in a house whose roof is red . 如：格林先生住在一座红屋顶的房子里． 温馨提示： 当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词要与先行词保持主谓一致．如： He is one of the boys who like playing basketball. He is the one of the boys who likes playing basketball.

7 ３．关系副词的基本用法．(when/where/why)
e.g. He remembers the day when he joined the League . 如：他记得他入团的那天． (2)where(where=in等介词＋which)在定语从句中作状语，表示地点． e.g. I know the place where(in which) I met the strange man． 如：我知道我碰见那个怪人的地点． (3)why在定语从句中作状语，表示原因． e.g. This is the reason why he is late today. 如：这就是他今天迟到的原因． e.g. That is the reason why we must obey the traffic rules. 如：那就是我们为什么要遵守交通规则的原因．

8 Exercises Translating 1.天津产的自行车销售得很好.
The bike which/that is made in Tianjin sells well. 2.我们买的鱼不新鲜. The fish which/that we bought were not fresh. 3.留着长发的那个女孩是我妹妹. The girl who/that has long hair is my sister. 4.打碎窗户的男孩叫汤姆. The boy who/that broke the window is called Tom. 5.他住在窗户朝南的那所房子里. He lives in a house whose windows open to the south. 6.这是你要找的那支的钢笔. This is the pen which/that are looking for .

9 Choice B C C D A 1.—Who is the man ____ was talking to our English ?
---Oh! It’s Mr Baker, our maths teather. A.he B. that C. whom D. which The foreigner ____ visited our school is from Canada. A.which B.when C.who D.whom 3. Nobody knows the reason ____ she didn’t come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when 4. This is the place ____ I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which 5.He has never forgtten the day ____ he arrived. A.when B. where C. that D.which C C D A 提示：选择关系词时首先要考虑先行词在定语从句中作什么成分，缺什么成分则选择相应可以作什么成分的关系词．作主语或宾语的有which,that指物，who,that指人．作状语的有when，表时间，where表地点，why表原因．做定语的有whose.

10 C C D B A 6.He is remmembers the days _____ he spent with your family.
A.when B.where C. that D. on which 7. Mr. White _____ car had been stolen , came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. where 8. He got to the village _____ his family once lived before liberation. A. that B. which C. when D. where 9. This is the house _____ I want to buy. A. in which B. that C. whose D. where 10. He talked to his mother in a way _____ I don’t know. A. that B. in which C. what D. whom C D B A

11 Answer key (B2) 1.The country which/that Einstein was born is Germany.
2.The person who/that developed the theory of relativity is Einstein. 3.The subjects which/that Einstein studied were maths and physics. 4.The scientists who/that worked with Einstein admired him very much. 5.The award which/that Einstein received was the Nobel Prize. 6.The equation which/that Einstein worked out is E=mc2 7.Princeton University was the university that/which Einstein worked in after he moved to the USA. 8.Einstein was one of the greatest scientists who/that lived in the twentieth century. 9.The contribution which/that Einstein made to modern physics is unique.

12 Line 3 which-----who/that Line 7 actor后加who/that
B3 Line who-----that Line which-----who/that Line actor后加who/that Line which-----who/that Line11 who which/that Line13 which-----who/that Line16 light bulb后加which/that Line18 which-----who/that Line20 which-----who/that Line22 scientist后加who/that 学生所反映的效果很好