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領導 Managers as Leaders 任維廉 , 2012

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Presentation on theme: "領導 Managers as Leaders 任維廉 , 2012"— Presentation transcript:

1 領導 Managers as Leaders 任維廉 , 2012
Most firms are overmanaged and underled —John Kotter

2 頭腦清楚,眼光快又準,能傾聽,胸襟格局大, 肚量大,手腕高,能放下身段勤跑基層。
好的領導人應該是: 頭腦清楚,眼光快又準,能傾聽,胸襟格局大, 肚量大,手腕高,能放下身段勤跑基層。 張忠謀:領導人的定義有兩項要件 1. 有人跟隨,2. 知道往對的方向走。 盡己之力(智),盡人之力(智)。 Leader, subordinates, situation. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 2

3 綱要 一、 領導之基本概念 二、 當代之權變領導理論 三、 有關領導之當前課題 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 3

4 一、領導之基本概念 1. Define leaders and leadership 2. 早期理論及其缺點
Trait theories: selecting Behavioral theories: training 3. Contingency theories: (re)placing interaction with subordinates, situation 討論:1.《十九顆星》。 2. 持續改善,對人尊重 (分工合作,做人做事) 3. 考慮情境,調整自己。 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 4

5 *Trait Theories 1. Drive, 2. the desire to lead, 3. honesty and integrity, 4. self-confidence, 5. intelligence, 6. job-relevant knowledge, 7. extraversion. 討論: 1. 前科學 2. 權,勢,威,魔,魅,神,師,愛,專,誠 3. 第五級領導人 :謙虛的個性,專業的堅持 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 5

6 The Managerial Grid: either X or Y, vs. Both
High 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Low Socialite Team Leadership Impoverished Authoritarian (9,9) (1,9) Middle of the Road (5,5) Concern for People (1,1) (9,1) High Concern for Task

7 二、 當代之權變領導理論 1. Fiedler 權變模式 2. 情境領導理論 3. 領導者參與模式 4. 途徑—目標理論 5. 交易型 VS. 轉換型 6. 魅力/願景領導 7. 團隊領導 討論: 1. Stogdill’s handbook of leadership 2. A dream makes a team, the team builds the dream. 沒有天才團隊,就沒有卓越的領導人; 但缺乏優秀領導人,也不可能有偉大團隊。 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 7

8 Fiedler Model: 警長 vs. 舞女 Category I II III IV V VI VII VIII Good Poor
Performance Task Oriented Relationship Oriented Category Leader-Member Relations Task Structure Position Power I II III IV V VI VII VIII Good Good Good Good Poor Poor Poor Poor High High Low Low High High Low Low Strong Weak Strong Weak Strong Weak Strong Weak Favorable Unfavorable Moderate 8

9 Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)
Follower readiness: R1: followers are unable and unwilling R2: followers are unable but willing R3: followers are able but unwilling R4: followers are able and willing Specific leadership styles: Telling: high task- low relationship leadership Selling: high task- high relationship leadership Participating: low task- high relationship leadership Delegating: low task- low relationship leadership 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 9

10 Hersey and Blanchard’s Situational Leadership Model
2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 10

11 Time-Driven Model Decision significance Importance of commitment
Leader expertise Likelihood of commitment Group Support Expertise Team competence P R O B L E M S T A N H Decide Delegate Consult (Group) Facilitate Consult (Individually) 11

12 Path-Goal Theory: 李遠哲,Drucker
Environmental Contingency Factors Task Structure Formal Authority System Work Group Leader Behavior Outcomes Directive Supportive Participative Achievement oriented Performance Satisfaction Subordinate Contingency Factors Locus of Control Experience Perceived Ability 12

13 Transactional VS. Transformational
Transactional leaders are leaders who lead primarily by using social exchanges (transactions). Transformational leaders are leaders who stimulate and inspire (transform) followers to achieve extraordinary outcomes. Evidence supporting the superiority of transformational leadership over transactional leadership is overwhelmingly impressive. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 13

14 Charismatic Leadership
Have a vision. Are able to articulate the vision. Are willing to take risks to achieve the vision. Are sensitive to the environment and follower needs. Exhibit behaviors that are out of the ordinary. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 14

15 Specific Team Leadership Roles
2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 15

16 三、 有關領導之當前課題 領導與權力(power) 創造信任的文化 (trust) 性別,世代
討論:Sometimes leadership is irrelevant! 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 16

17 Five Sources of a Leader’s Power
Legitimate power a leader has as a result of his or her position. Coercive power to punish or control. Reward power to give positive benefits or rewards. Expert power as a result of his or her expertise, skills, or knowledge. Referent power arise because of a person’s desirable resources or admired personal traits. Discuss: Ins and Outs of Office Politics 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 17

18 Some Suggestions for a Successful Management Career
2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授

19 Suggestions for Building Trust
Practice openness. Be fair. Speak your feelings. Tell the truth. Show consistency. Fulfill your promises. Maintain confidences. Demonstrate competence. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 19

20 女性不擅長領導? 以金庸小說女主角為例 What women want? 有野心的女人,沒鬥志的男人 “I need a wife.”
女性不擅長領導? 以金庸小說女主角為例 What women want? 有野心的女人,沒鬥志的男人 “I need a wife.” 要懂得和別人分享權力 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 20

21 Where Female Managers Do Better: A Scorecard
Source: R. Sharpe, “As Leaders, Women Rule,” BusinessWeek, November , p. 75. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 21

22 重點回顧 比較 authority, power, influence 考量 leader, subordinates, situation
區分 power: legitmate, coercive, reward, expert, referent 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 22

23 Web search, 延伸閱讀 最近很多管理者在說:必須使用影響力 (influence) 來 完成任務,也開始研究說服 (persuasion) 的藝術。請 上網找 persuasion, influencing others 的相關建議,整 理成一個清單式的報告 (bulleted list) 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授

24 延伸閱讀暢銷書或文章之一 1. 塑造眾望所歸的遠景 2. 利用溝通,建立共識 3. 利用定位,建立信任 4. 自我的開展 Leaders -- The strategies for taking charge, by W. Bennis & B. Nanus, 1988. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 24

25 暢銷書或文章之二 1. Proactive 2. Begin with the End in Mind
3. Put First Things First 4. Think Win Win 5. Seek First to Understand then be Understood 6. Synergise 7. Sharpening the Saw 8. Finding Your Voice and Inspiring Others to Find Theirs Principle - Centered Leadership, by S. R. Covey, 1991. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 25

26 暢銷書或文章之三 領導的角色:宣傳家,行為典範,教育家,激勵 者,啦啦隊長,告解神父。 個人:專業,同理心
認清自己,學習如何溝通,勤奮(親自督陣) 組織:有效授權下去執行,建立體制控制 塑造願景,教化員工,回饋控制。 The work of the leader, by W. Pagonis, HBR, 1992. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 26

27 暢銷書或文章之四 追隨的角度:有受重視的感覺,有一種利害共同體 的感覺。A feeling of significance (community). 領導者要做出艱難決定,並承擔責任,需要 1. 公開坦率的態度(親和力), 2. 刻意壓低身段。 The hard work of being a soft manager, by W. Peace, HBR, 1991. 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 27

28 追隨者最想聽到的話 你真的很重要 你做得很好 心想事成 謝謝你 祝福 你 討論: Add value to the others
2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授 28

29 期末作業成果發表 1/16 (三) 10:10-12:00, 每組 10 分鐘,用 ppt 2018/12/29
1/16 (三) 10:10-12:00, 每組 10 分鐘,用 ppt 2018/12/29 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授

30 E-Mail:wljen@mail.nctu.edu.tw 個人網頁:http://140.113.119.160/
Q & A 個人網頁: 交通大學管理學院 任維廉教授


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