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COMMIT/CCS-2:氯吡格雷75mg和美托洛尔用于心肌梗死的试验(COMMIT)1
目的: 明确在ASA 基础上加氯吡格雷75mg(早期iv然后口服美托洛尔)是否能进一步降低因急性STEMI住院患者的院内死亡率及血管事件危险 The Antiplatelet Trialists’ Collaboration meta-analyses of previous trials have shown that ASA and ADP-receptor antagonists are effective in the secondary prevention of vascular disease, with proportional reductions in major vascular events of 25% for ASA and 33% for ADP-receptor antagonists1 In the ISIS-2 study in >17,000 patients with suspected acute MI, 1 month of ASA produced a highly significant 23% proportional reduction in vascular deaths2 Despite current treatments, the risk of another MI, stroke or vascular death is high in the first month following a MI1 The COMMIT study was designed to demonstrate whether clopidogrel, on a background of standard therapy including ASA, could produce greater benefits than placebo in the acute phase of MI References Antithrombotic Trialists’ Collaboration. BMJ 2002; 324: 71–86. ISIS-2 Collaborative Group. Lancet 1988; 2: 349–360. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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研究设计 氯吡格雷75 mg QD* (+阿司匹林) (n ~ 23,000) n=~46,000 (n ~ 23,000) 安慰剂*
急性STEMI 24 小时的患者 双盲治疗直至出院或最多达4周 R n=~46,000 (n ~ 23,000) The design of the COMMIT trial is shown in this slide This trial was a large scale (~46,000 patients), acute-phase study performed in China1 Patients with suspected acute MI within the previous 24 hours received ASA 162 mg and either placebo or clopidogrel 75 mg once daily with no loading dose of clopidogrel1 The COMMIT trial included a 2 x 2 factorial design with independent comparisons of clopidogrel versus placebo (plus usual care) and metoprolol versus placebo (plus usual care)1 This trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of clopidogrel as part of standard therapy (including ASA) in patients with acute STEMI1 The two co-primary endpoints for the COMMIT trial were death and the composite of the first occurrence of death, MI or stroke during initial hospitalization (maximum 30 days follow-up)1 Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 安慰剂* (+阿司匹林) (美托洛尔 2 2 因素 ) * 所有患者在研究期间接受ASA 162mg/天的基础治疗 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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纳入/排除标准 纳入标准: 可疑急性 MI(有明确的ECG改变:ST抬高或LBBB) 从症状发作起24小时
对试验治疗没有明确的适应症/禁忌症 排除标准: 高危发生药物不良反应: 对阿司匹林或任何试验药物过敏 活动性出血或血液疾病 持续低血压或心动过缓 重度 AV 阻滞、心脏起搏器、心原性休克 有潜在利益的可能性小: 死亡危险低的MI (非典型MI、直接PCI) The study population included patients with suspected acute MI (with definite ECG changes: ST-segment elevation or left bundle block branch [LBBB] within 24 hours of the onset of symptoms)1 Patients had no clear indication for, or contraindication to, any trial treatments and were required to give informed consent to participate1 Main exclusion criteria were high risk of an adverse drug reaction and small likelihood of clinical benefit. Patients were ineligible for the study if: There was a high risk of adverse drug reactions consisting of: Allergy to ASA or hematologic disorder Persistent hypotension or bradycardia High-degree atrioventricular (AV) block or the presence of a pacemaker Cardiogenic shock Or a small likelihood of potential benefits: Low risk of MI death (non-typical MI) Patient undergoing primary PCI Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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研究终点 主要复合终点: 死亡 死亡、非致命性MI、或非致命性脑卒中 安全性终点: 严重非脑部出血(致命性或输血) 出血性脑卒中
The COMMIT trial had two primary endpoints 1) death and 2) the composite of death, non-fatal MI, or non-fatal stroke. The major safety endpoints were major bleeding (defined as fatal or transfused bleeding) and hemorrhagic stroke. Reference: Chen ZM. ACC 2005. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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患者特征 波立维 特征 (氯吡格雷75mg) 安慰剂 (n=22,960) (n=22,891) 女性(%) 27.7 27.9
女性(%) 平均年龄 (年) 年龄>70 (%) 从症状发作到随机分组的时间(小时) 自症状发作的时间 <6 小时(%) Killip 分类 II/III (%) STEMI/LBBB 既往 MI 史 (%) 纤溶剂(%) Patient characteristics were similar between the treatment groups at baseline1 At baseline, the overall population was: 28% female 26% aged >70 years 34% randomized within 6 hours of the onset of pain 24% classified as Killip class II/III 50% were given fibrinolytics Mean age was 61 years Mean hours since onset of pain was 10.3 hours Mean blood pressure (BP) was 128/81 mm Hg (SBP/DBP) Mean heart rate was 82 beats per minute Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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住院期间的合并用药 波立维 (氯吡格雷75mg) 安慰剂 治疗 (n=22,960) (n=22,891) 抗凝剂 74.1% 75.0%
抗凝剂 74.1% 75.0% ACE 抑制剂 68.2% 68.3% 硝酸盐 (口服或 i.v.) 94.1% 94.3% 利尿剂 23.3% 23.3% 抗心律失常药 22.4% 22.2% 钙拮抗剂 11.8% 11.8% Concomitant therapies were similar between the treatment groups1 Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)降低死亡率7% RRR=7% 安慰剂+阿司匹林 (8.1%) 9 8 7 波立维+阿司匹林 (7.5%) 6 5
p=0.03 8 7 波立维+阿司匹林 (7.5%) 6 5 死亡率(%) 4 3 The COMMIT trial demonstrated that clopidogrel reduces the relative risk of the primary endpoint of death by 7% (p=0.03). Thus, it can be concluded that clopidogrel (75 mg once daily) is beneficial, on a background of standard treatment including ASA, in a wide range of acute STEMI patients1 The results of the metoprolol arm of COMMIT are to be presented separately from the clopidogrel results. There is no significant interaction between the two active treatments in the trial. Therefore, all comparisons will be conducted separately (clopidogrel versus placebo and metoprolol versus placebo) Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 2 1 7 14 21 28 自随机分组开始的时间 (直到 28 天) 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)降低死亡、MI、或脑卒中的总发生率9%
安慰剂+阿司匹林 (10.1%) RRR=9% P=0.002 10 9 波立维+阿司匹林 (9.3%) 8 7 6 事件(%) 5 4 3 The COMMIT trial demonstrated that clopidogrel reduces the relative risk of the primary composite endpoint of death, recurrent MI or stroke by 9% (p=0.002). Thus, it can be concluded that clopidogrel (75 mg daily) is beneficial, on a background of standard treatment including ASA, in a wide range of acute STEMI patients1 Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 2 1 7 14 21 28 自随机分组开始的时间 (直到 28 天) 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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主要终点的各组成部分的一致性 比值比 和 95% CI 波立维 安慰剂 事件 (n=22,958) (n=22,891)
波立维较好 安慰剂较好 9% SE 3 降低 (p = 0.002) 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 波立维 安慰剂 事件 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 死亡 1728 (7.5%) (8.1%) 非致命性再发MI 273 (1.2%) 330 (1.4%) 非致命性卒中 126 (0.5%) 142 (0.6%) 合计 2125 (9.3%) 2311 (10.1%) The results of the different components of the composite primary endpoint (death, non-fatal MI or non-fatal stroke) are consistent with the overall study results1 There was a significant reduction in the rate of death, a significant reduction in the rate of non-fatal MI and a trend towards fewer non-fatal strokes for clopidogrel versus placebo1 Although the study was not powered to show differences for each component, the results by component support a clinical benefit for patients treated with clopidogrel on a background of standard treatment, including ASA Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)减少再发梗死 再发MI后 氯吡格雷 安慰剂 比值比 和 95% CI
波立维较好 安慰剂较好 再发MI后 氯吡格雷 安慰剂 的结局 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 致命性 MI 209 (0.9%) 223 (1.0%) 非致命性 MI 273 (1.2%) 330 (1.4%) 合计 482 (2.1%) 553 (2.4%) 13% SE 6 降低 p=0.02 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)对脑卒中的疗效 波立维 安慰剂 比值比 和 95% CI 类型 (n=22,958) (n=22,891)
波立维较好 安慰剂较好 波立维 安慰剂 类型 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 缺血性 162 (0.7%) 192 (0.8%) 出血性 55 (0.2%) 55 (0.2%) 合计 216 (0.9%) 249 (1.1%) 14% SE 9 降低 P>0.1, NS 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 In patients treated with clopidogrel versus placebo, the combined rate of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (1.0 vs 1.1%; p=NS) showed no significant excess1 Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)在非脑部出血方面的疗效
比值比 和 95% CI 波立维较好 安慰剂 较好 波立维(氯吡格雷75mg) 安慰剂 类型 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 严重出血* 82 (0.4%) 73 (0.3%) 其它出血 831 (3.6%) 721 (3.1%) 合计 896 (3.9%) 777 (3.4%) 16% SE 5 增加 P=0.004 In patients treated with clopidogrel versus placebo, the rate of major (fatal and transfused) bleeding (0.4 vs 0.3%; p=NS) and the rate of ICH (0.2 vs 0.2%; p=NS) showed no significant excess1 Reference 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005. 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 *致命或输血 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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COMMIT/CCS-2 严重出血 严重出血类型 波立维 (n) 安慰剂 (n) 脑部致命性 39 40 脑部非致命性 16 15
(氯吡格雷75mg) (n) 安慰剂 (n) 脑部致命性 39 40 脑部非致命性 16 15 非脑部致命性 36 37 非脑部非致命性 46 任何严重出血 134 (0.58%) 124 (0.54%) Chen Z. American College of Cardiology 2005 Scientific Sessions; March 6-9, 2005; Orlando, FL.
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按事件发生时间(天),波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)对死亡、再发MI或脑卒中的疗效
比值比 和 95% CI 波立维较好 安慰剂较好 波立维 安慰剂 事件发生时间(天) (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 合计 2125 (9.3%) 2311 (10.1%) The results for the composite endpoint were consistently seen in the different subgroups of patients and there was no significant heterogeneity found for all pre-specified subgroups (p=0.4) It should be noted that results were consistent based on the day of event as shown above Chen ZM. ACC 2005. 9% SE 3 增加 P=0.002 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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按年龄和性别,波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)对死亡、再发MI或脑卒中方面的疗效均一致
比值比 和 95% CI 波立维较好 安慰剂较好 基线 波立维 安慰剂 特征 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 性别 男性 1276 (7.7%) 1416 (8.6%) 女性 849 (13.3%) 895 (14.0%) 年龄 < (5.1%) 513 (5.4%) (10.2%) 835 (11.2%) (14.9%) 963 (16.2%) 合计 2125 (9.3%) 2311 (10.1%) 9% SE 3 降低 P=0.002 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 The results for the composite endpoint are consistently seen in the different subgroups of patients and there was no significant heterogeneity found for all pre-specified subgroups (p=0.4) It should be noted that results were consistent by gender and age as shown above 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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按拖延时间和纤溶剂的使用,波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)对死亡、再发MI或脑卒中的疗效
比值比 和 95% CI 波立维较好 安慰剂较好 基线 波立维 安慰剂 特征 (n=22,958) (n=22,891) 延迟时间 (小时) (9.3%) 904 (10.9%) (9.7%) 735 (10.7%) (8.8%) 666 (8.7%) 纤溶剂给药 是 1005 (8.8%) 1123 (9.9%) 否 1120 (9.7%) (10.3%) 合计 2125 (9.3%) 2311 (10.1%) 9% SE 3 降低 P=0.002 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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COMMIT/CCS-2 的主要疗效结果 终点 波立维 (n=22 958) (%) 安慰剂 (n=22 891) (%) 相对危险 降低
p 死亡/再发MI /脑卒中 9.3 10.1 9 p=0.00 死亡 7.7 8.1 7 p=0.03 再发MI 2.1 2.4 13 p=0.02 脑卒中 0.9 1.1 14 p>0.1 Chen Z. American College of Cardiology 2005 Scientific Sessions; March 6-9, 2005; Orlando, FL.
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结论 在ASA的标准治疗基础上,加波立维(氯吡格雷75 mg /天)对大部分STEMI患者有益 大出血(致命性或输血)的危险没有显著增加
波立维降低院内死亡危险 7% (p=0.03) 波立维降低死亡、非致命性MI或非致命性脑卒中的危险 9% (p=0.002) 大出血(致命性或输血)的危险没有显著增加 每治疗1百万住院患者2-3周,波立维(氯吡格雷75mg)就可以挽救5000个生命,并防止另外5000次严重血管事件 1. Chen ZM et al. ACC 2005.
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COMMIT 和 CLARITY 的一些主要差别
特征 COMMIT CLARITY 患者 (n) 46 000 3500 主要终点 死亡/ 再发MI/脑卒中 梗塞开放 自MI 症状发作的小时数 <24 <12 年龄 直到100岁 直到75岁 负荷剂量给药 没有 有 溶栓剂 半数患者 全部患者 波立维治疗时间 2-3 周 2-3 天 后续 PCI 极少患者 三分之二患者 Chen Z. American College of Cardiology 2005 Scientific Sessions; March 6-9, 2005; Orlando, FL.
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