Revise of Noun Clause 名词性从句

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1 Revise of Noun Clause 名词性从句
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句. 分为: 主语从句(subject clause) 宾语从句(object clause) 表语从句 (predicative clause) 同位语从句(appositive clause)

2 引导名词性从句的连词和连接代词 连接副词：when, where, how, why 等 句子成份 主 宾 表 同 that whether
if as if what who which 无，只作从句标志 √ √(可省) √ √ 无，表疑问意义 √ √ √ √ 无，表疑问意义 √ 无，仿佛，好像 √ 主语\宾语，代物 √ √ √ √ 主语\宾语，代人 √ √ √ √ 主语\宾语，后常有名词 √ √ √ √ 连接副词：when, where, how, why 等

3 注意引导词与定语从句的引导词的区别 what 能引导名词性从句，并作宾语\主语 不能引导定语从句 that 在名词性从句中没有成份，只作标志
eg: I knew that I was wrong. 在定语从句中 作宾语\主语 eg: I get the very news that is important to me. which 在名词性从句中加上名词做主语\宾语 eg: I don’t know which answer is right. 在定语从句中，单独做主语\宾语 eg: I see a film which was popular in the past.

4 名词性从句的基本要求：Pay attention
时态 :(与间接引语基本一致) 如果主句是现在时，从句时态可以不变，但如果主句是过去的时态，那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态。当从句是客观真理,定义、公理、定理时用一般现在时。 宾： I know he lives here. He asked whether his father would come back. The teacher said that the earth travels around the sun. 表：That is what I was worried about two days ago. It looked as if it was going to rain. 语序：要用陈述语序

5 1. Mary wrote an article on___ the team had failed to win the game.
A. why B. what C. who D. which 2. Can you make sure___ the gold ring? A. where Alice had put B. where had Alice put C. where Alice has put D. where has Alice put

6 3.I doubt ______ he will come.
A. what B. whether C. that D. / 4. I don’t doubt __________ it is true. A. if B. whether C. / D. that

7 宾语从句 1 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时,由连词whether或if引导(口语中常用if), if/whether翻译成是否,
I wonder if (whether) the news is true or not. 但要注意在宾语从句中一些只用whether的情况： A)在介词之后。(介词往往可以省略) 如: It all depends on whether they will support us. B) 后面直接跟动词不定式时。如： 　 He doesn’t know whether to stay or not. C) 后面紧接or not 时。如： 　 We didn’t know whether or not she was ready.

8 其他从句只用whether的情况： D)在表语从句和同位语从句中。如： The question is whether the film is worth seeing. The news whether our team has won the match is unknown. B) 在主语从句中，只有用it 作形式主语时, whether和 if 都能引导主语从句, 否则, 也只能用whether如: Whether we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet. It hasn’t been decided whether (if) we shall attend the meeting.

9 5. He didn’t know ________ to do or not.
A. if B. whether C. what D. how 6._______the 2012 Olympic Games will be held in Japan is not know yet. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That

10 2 在suggest, insist, demand, order, require 等表示建议,命令,要求的动词后,从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气,即: (should) +v. 。如:
I insisted that he (should) do it at once. She suggested that the work (should) be finished at once.

11 3 在接复合宾语的句子中, 为了保持句子平衡, 用it 作形式宾语,将从句放于句尾, 常接复合宾语的动词有: make, find, see, hear, feel, think...
I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day. --I think that we take plenty of hot water every day necessary 7. They make ____a rule whoever breaks the law will be punished A. it B. that C. what D. this

12 表语从句 1. be, seem, look等动词后均可跟表语从句： It seems that it is going to rain.
It looks as if it is going to rain. 2. as if, because 也可引导表语从句。 It was because I got up late. 注意:在表语从句中,当reason做主语时,引导词只能用that,不能用because,如: The reason was that he didn’t catch the early bus. 原因是因为他没有赶上早班车。

13 4. 主句的主语是名词idea, advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement时, 表语从句应用虚拟语气,即: (should) +v.
My suggestion is that we should have a discussion about this matter instead of just setting it aside.

14 8. She looked _______ she were ten years younger.
A. that B. like C. as D. as if 9.The reason why I can’t go to the meeting is _______ I have an important appointment with the doctor. A. because B. that C. why D. what

15 10. This is _____ I had to take the risk of being washed away.
A. why B. reason why C. how D. what 11. His advice is ____ we _____ a cottage in the country, with the money we have saved. 　 A. when; bought B. where; to buy C. what; buy D. that ; should buy

16 主语从句 1. that 在主语从句中不充当任何成分，但不能省略
That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。 2.主语从句在复合句中作主语, 它可以位于句首, 但常见的主语从句多放在句末,句首则用形式主语it That the earth is round is true. = It is true that the earth is round. 下面是一些常用it作形式主语的句型

17 用it 作形式主语的结构 (1) It is＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that … 事实是…
It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that…是常识 It is an honor that I was invited to the party. (2) It is＋形容词＋从句 (多用 should＋ v. ) It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… It is strange that he come so early.

18 (3) It is ＋ 不及物动词＋从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… It appears that… 似乎… It happened that we were out for a walk yesterday evening. (4) It is ＋ 过去分词＋从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… It is said that… 据说… It is said that some American friends will visit our school next week.

19 Whoever leaves the room last should close the door.
3. 用带-ever的引导词 (如whoever, whatever) 引导的主语从句一般不后置。 Whoever leaves the room last should close the door. Whatever we do must be in the interests of the people.

20 12. ______ does wrong is punished in the end.
A. Whoever B. Which C. Who D. That 13. _______ was reported that the population of the world is growing fast. A. That B. What C. It D. Which 14. _______ we need more practice is quite clear. A. When B. What C. That D. / 15. ______ we will choose has not decided yet.