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複合名詞與修飾語 Yong-Ren Huang
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複合字的型態 封閉型態 : firefly, secondhand, softball, childlike, crosstown, redhead, keyboard, makeup, notebook 加連字號型態: daughter-in-law, master-at-arms, over-the-counter, six-pack, six-year-old, mass-produced 開放型態 : post office, real estate, middle class, full moon, half sister, attorney general
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複合字的型態 封閉型態 : firefly, secondhand, softball, childlike, crosstown, redhead, keyboard, makeup, notebook 加連字號型態: daughter-in-law, master-at-arms, over-the-counter, six-pack, six-year-old, mass-produced 開放型態 : post office, real estate, middle class, full moon, half sister, attorney general
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複合字的表示法 形容詞的比較級和最高級在與其他修飾語複合時加連字號:the highest-priced car, the shorter-term loan 以 ly 做字尾的副詞在與其他修飾語複合時不加連字號:a highly rated bank 當以一個人的年齡來修飾他或她時,該複合片語加連字號:my six-year-old son。 但當年齡位在人的後面時,我們不加連字號:My son is six years old.
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複數與所有格 就加連字號型態的複合字而言,s 這個複數化的字通常加到真正被複數化的單字:daughters-in-law, half-moons 複數化的複合字的所有格,寫作都儘量避免使用 's,而是使用 "of" 片語:the meeting of the daughters-in-law, the schedule of half-moons。
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複數與所有格 加字首的複合字除了一些例外,加字首產生的複合字不加連字號: anteroom, binomial, biochemistry, coordinate, counterclockwise 例外的情況: 第二個元素為一數目或第二個元素的第一個字母大寫的複合字:anti-Semitic, pre-1998, post-Freudian 須加連字號來避免混淆的複合字:un-ionized (非離子化;俾與 unionized -- 意為組織工會 -- 有所區別), co-op
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複數與所有格 母音重複 (旨在避免混淆) 的複合字:co-op, semi-independent, anti-intellectual
由一個字以上所組成的複合字:non-English-speaking, pre-Civil War 沒有連字號讀起來詰屈聱牙的複合字:pro-life, pro-choice, co-edited
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