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Android WebService Android智慧型手機程式設計 建國科技大學 資管系 饒瑞佶 2012/4 V1 2012/8 V2
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提醒… 這節的內容針對的是MS的Web Service或是使用SOAP(Simple Object Access Protocol)標準建立的Web Service 針對其它資料庫或是data provider，建議可以採用HTTPPost或是HttpGet
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Why Web Service? 資訊/功能分享 標準(SOAP、XML、JSON) 安全 其他…
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WebService 需要ksoap2-android-assembly jar-with-dependencies.jar或ksoap2-android-assembly jar-with-dependencies_timeout1.jar ProjectPropertiesJava Build PathLibraries Add External JARs 需要設定DNS才可以連結有Domain Name的WebService dns解決方法 adb shell #getprop 查看DNS設定 [net.dns1]: [ ] net.dns1 就是目前的設定 setprop net.dns 設定成可以用的 DNS
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幾個重點 沒有參數的WebService 有參數的WebService DNS問題
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現有可以被呼叫的WebService： WebService 攝氏與華氏轉換 取得國家
取得國家
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攝氏與華氏轉換
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WebService Step1：建立新專案HelloWS
Step2：main.xml中建立一個輸入框(EditText)、兩個TextView與一個按鈕(Button) EditText TextView TextView Button
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WebService Step3：加入ksoap2這個外部jar Step4：宣告webservice參數
//有參數值的Web Service ---攝氏與華氏轉換(AVD無法解析domain name) private static final String NAMESPACE = " ; private static final String URL = " private static final String METHOD_NAME = "CelsiusToFahrenheit"; private static final String SOAP_ACTION = " private EditText et_pramater; // 輸入框 private Button btn_ok; // 按鈕 private TextView tv_msg; // 訊息框
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宣告webservice參數
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WebService Step5：建立物件 et_pramater =(EditText) findViewById(R.id.editText1); btn_ok =(Button) findViewById(R.id.button1); tv_msg =(TextView) findViewById(R.id.textView2);
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webservice主體 相對位置
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WebService Step6：撰寫webservice主體
public String tempconvert(String temp){ String receivedString="not work"; //預設回傳值 try { SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME); request.addProperty("Celsius", temp); //傳入溫度 SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.setOutputSoapObject(request); envelope.dotNet = true; HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport = new HttpTransportSE(URL); androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope); SoapPrimitive Result = (SoapPrimitive)envelope.getResponse(); receivedString=Result.toString(); }catch(Exception e) { receivedString="not work"; return receivedString; }
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呼叫tempconvert
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呼叫tempconvert btn_ok.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
public void onClick(View v) { String to_be_transfered; to_be_transfered=et_pramater.getText().toString(); String value_return; if(to_be_transfered==null || "".equals(to_be_transfered)){ tv_msg.setText("您沒有輸入轉換值"); et_pramater.setFocusable(true); //輸入框取得焦點 }else{ value_return=tempconvert(to_be_transfered); //呼叫WS if(value_return=="not work"){ tv_msg.setText("轉換失敗"); tv_msg.setText(value_return); } });
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相對位置
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執行結果
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執行結果
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錯誤原因 要開放網路存取權限(Manifest.xml) 要設定模擬器的DNS 允許使用jar
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission> 要設定模擬器的DNS 允許使用jar
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設定模擬器DNS
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執行結果
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執行結果驗證
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And suggestion or improvement?
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My Suggestion 試試另一個取得國家代號的webservice 選用只能輸入數字的EditText 加入等待訊息或進度畫面
將結果帶到下一個Activity做顯示 回傳結果不只一筆，分割資料後，再用ListActivity做顯示 將結果存入SQLite …
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整合ListView 無參數 回傳一組以,為分隔符號的結果
private static final String NAMESPACE = " ; private static final String URL = " private static final String METHOD_NAME = "city"; private static final String SOAP_ACTION = "
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整合ListView 呼叫Web Service ListView
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code @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); String getbackcity=WScity(); //呼叫WS String [] cities= getbackcity.split(","); //利用,切割取得的字串變陣列 //設定利用ListView顯示 setListAdapter(new ArrayAdapter <String>(this,android.R.layout.simple_list_item_checked,cities)); getListView().setTextFilterEnabled(true); //設定可以篩選 // 取得listview ListView lv=this.getListView(); lv.setChoiceMode(ListView.CHOICE_MODE_SINGLE); //設定可勾選 //lv.setFilterText("台"); }
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code public String WScity(){ String receivedString="nok"; //預設回傳值 try
SoapObject request = new SoapObject(NAMESPACE, METHOD_NAME); SoapSerializationEnvelope envelope = new SoapSerializationEnvelope(SoapEnvelope.VER11); envelope.setOutputSoapObject(request); envelope.dotNet = true; HttpTransportSE androidHttpTransport = new HttpTransportSE(URL); androidHttpTransport.call(SOAP_ACTION, envelope); SoapPrimitive Result = (SoapPrimitive)envelope.getResponse(); receivedString=Result.toString(); }catch(Exception e) { receivedString="nok"; return receivedString; }
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android.os.NetworkOnMainThreadException
對網路存取增加了一些限制 不能在onCreate()方法中直接使用外部連結
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解決方法 加入！ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
StrictMode.setThreadPolicy(new StrictMode.ThreadPolicy.Builder() .detectDiskReads() .detectDiskWrites() .detectNetwork() // or .detectAll() for all detectable problems .penaltyLog() .build()); StrictMode.setVmPolicy(new StrictMode.VmPolicy.Builder() .detectLeakedSqlLiteObjects() .penaltyDeath() super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); ...... // 發送Http請求 } 加入！
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加入！
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整合Spinner WebService呼叫不變 要加一個有Spinner的layout Spinner
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Spinner sp=(Spinner)findViewById(R.id.spinner1);
String getbackcity=WScity(); //呼叫WS String [] cities= getbackcity.split(","); //利用,切割取得的字串變陣列 //設定利用Spinner顯示 ArrayAdapter<String> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(MainSpinner.this,android.R.layout.simple_spinner_item,cities ); //設定下拉選單的樣式 adapter.setDropDownViewResource(android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); sp.setAdapter(adapter);
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加入等待進度畫面
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加入等待進度畫面
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private ProgressDialog MyDialog=null;
createCancelProgressDialog("擷取中","請稍待...","取消"); @SuppressWarnings("deprecation") private void createCancelProgressDialog(String title, String message, String buttonText) { MyDialog = new ProgressDialog(this); MyDialog.setTitle(title); MyDialog.setMessage(message); MyDialog.setButton(buttonText, new DialogInterface.OnClickListener(){ public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which){ // Use either finish() or return() to either close the activity or just the dialog MyDialog.dismiss(); return; } }); MyDialog.show();
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有沒有興趣看看 HTTPPost與HTTPGet？
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