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What causes the “sparking” of a wintergreen lifesaver?

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Presentation on theme: "What causes the “sparking” of a wintergreen lifesaver?"— Presentation transcript:

1 What causes the “sparking” of a wintergreen lifesaver?

2 電磁學 (Electromagnetism)
電學(Electricity) 1. 電荷、電力與電場 2. 靜電的應用 3. 電位與電容器 4. 電流與電阻 5. 電路

3 8-1 電荷、電力與電場 8-1.1 電荷(electric charge) 8-1.2 庫倫定律 (Coulomb’s law )
8-1.3 電場(electric field)與 場線(電力線)

4 8-1.1 電荷 摩擦充電 塑膠棒(負荷電)與毛皮(正荷電) 玻璃棒(正荷電)與絲綢(負荷電) 感應充電

5 正荷電與負荷電

6 摩擦充電

7 感應充電

8 The Electric Interaction

9 Charge is quantized The electric charge (e) is discrete (quantized)
SI unit: coulomb (C), defined in term of ampere

10 Millikan’s Oil Drop Experiment
Quarks:

11 Charge is conserved The radioactive decay
The annihilation process (對滅)

12 Elementary Particles The pair production process (對生)
The bubble (cloud) chamber

13 8-1.2 Coulomb’s Law

14 Ex. 1-1 一庫倫負電荷含有多少電子 Ex. 1-2 氫原子內電子與質子之間電 力與重力之比

15 Ex. 1-3 鐵(Fe26)原子核中,兩個相距一個原子核半徑的質子間之斥力
R = 410-15m 如此大之斥力,必須有更強的核力與之抗衡,方能維持原子核的穩定。

16 8-1.3 電場與場線 (electric field) (Lines of force)

17 電場的定義 電力: q與q0之間的電力 or q在q0所建立的電場中受到的電力

18 點電荷

19 帶電平板

20 二正電荷與電雙極 q0

21 電場的計算 電雙極 均勻帶電圓環 均勻帶電圓盤

22 電雙極

23 兩電荷的電場相加

24 電雙極的電場

25 均勻帶電圓環

26 均勻帶電圓環的電場

27 極限情形 If z » R,

28 均勻帶電圓盤

29 均勻帶電圓盤的電場

30 The electric field on an oil drop
A drop of R = 2.76m has 3 excess electrons,  = 920kg/m3

31 8-2 靜電的應用 Ink-Jet Printing Soil Decontamination Electroplating
Electromagnetic Predators Electric Precipitator Xerography Laser Printer

32 Ink-Jet Printing ink droplet直徑<1 ×10-4m 每秒可噴出150000顆速度~64km/h
印字頭移到不需印出之位置時,充電電極使墨滴充電,再由偏向版偏折進入Gutter。 彩色印表機使用三支噴頭(青藍、紫紅、黃)或四支(加黑)

33 An ink drop with

34 Soil Decontamination and Electroplating
Positive contaminant and negative soil, loosen by LF sound wave

35 Electromagnetic Predators
510-9 V

36 電磁掠食者

37 The torpedo ray and electric eel
電鰩:整個電細胞組成的「發電器官」會形成70~80伏特的電壓,一秒鐘能連續放電100多次,人體接觸牠所釋放的電流,會感覺麻痹。非洲有一種電鰩能釋放220伏特的電,碰上牠很難活。

38 Electroplaques

39 Electric Precipitator

40 影印機 鍍鍶鋁滾筒 鍶在暗處為絕緣體(insulator)在亮處為導體(conductor)-photoconductor 光導體
為鋁良導體使滾筒電帶正電之電極;使影印紙帶正電(大於滾筒)之corotron

41 The copying process

42 Laser Printer

43 A RAM Chip A charged capacitor means that a “one” has been stored.

44 電容式鍵盤

45 電容式麥克風

46 心電圖和腦波圖 EKG EEG

47 視網膜電圖 ERG

48 Automatic Coffee Maker

49 Bimetallic Strip Flasher and 3-way Light Bulb

50 Electrical Grounding 0.001A : Mild tangling sensation
A: Muscle spasms 0.2A: fatal (fibrillation)

51 敬請期待 電、磁、近代物理


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