Grammar 名词性从句 Noun Clauses Book3, Unit3.

Presentation on theme: "Grammar 名词性从句 Noun Clauses Book3, Unit3."— Presentation transcript:

1 Grammar 名词性从句 Noun Clauses Book3, Unit3

2 名词性从句 表语从句 同位语从句 宾语从句 主语从句 在复合句中分别做句子的主语、宾语、表语和同位语的从句。 1. That he will come is certain. 主语从句 2. I know that he will come. 宾语从句 3. The truth is that I have been there. 表语从句 4. The fact that she was late surprised us. 同位语从句

3 _______________________ 整个从句相当于一个名词
名词能做的成分,从句都能做 为什么叫名词性从句？ _______________________ 整个从句相当于一个名词 2. 为什么要有名词性从句？ 从句表达的意思比名词复杂得多 比较: 1) The news disappointed his mother. 2) That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. 这则消息令他母亲很失望. (名词作主语) 那孩子考试又不及格令他母亲很失望. (从句作主语) 同样作主语，从句可以表示较复杂的含义,一般是个动作或性质

4 I know him. I know that he is writing his composition in his room. 我知道他在房间里写作文. 从句的特征: 是一个句子,有一个引导词,引导词有时可以省略。

5 作主语 作宾语 作表语 作同位语 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词 名词性从句 基础回顾1: （Subject Clause）
（Object Clause） 表语从句 （Predicative Clause） 同位语从句 （Appositive Clause） 名词 名词性从句

6 什么是宾语？什么是宾语从句？ 哪 个 是 宾 语 从 句？
Henry likes music Oliver knows (that) Henry likes music. （简单句） 谓语 宾语(名词） 主语 Oliver knows Oliver knows (that) Henry likes music （复合句） 宾语从句 主语 谓语 （名词性从句） 主 句 哪 个 是 宾 语 从 句？

7 结论：宾语从句多跟在 _________ 的后面. 及物动词 介词 be+形容词
观察与思考 宾语从句的位置： 结论：宾语从句多跟在 _________ 的后面. 及物动词 介词 be+形容词 We will see if he’s clever as a wolf. …his eyes stare at what is left of the brothers’ dinner... I am afraid that it’ll cost a large amount of money.

8 从句的语序； 从句的时态； 连接词的选用及省略; 常用it做形式宾语的5个动词； suggest/advise的宾语从句
本课目标语法知识预告： 宾语从句 从句的语序； 从句的时态； 连接词的选用及省略; 常用it做形式宾语的5个动词； suggest/advise的宾语从句 从句的否定前移现象。

9 基础回顾2: 英语句子的语序： 两种语序: 1. 陈述句结构叫陈述语序； 主语+谓语+… 2. 疑问句结构叫疑问语序。
I love music. 系/助/情态动词+主语+剩余谓语+… You love music. You are reading now. What you will do next... Do you love music? Are you reading now? What will you do next?

10 1. Is there a bank near here? 2. Is it on Fifth Avenue?
试着将下列句子改成陈述句语序： 1. Is there a bank near here? 2. Is it on Fifth Avenue? 3. Are they doing homework? There is a bank near here. It is on Fifth Avenue. They are doing homework.

11 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform?
4.Does she work in a hospital? 5.Did you go to Center Park? 6.Do we have to wear a uniform? She works in a hospital. You went to Center Park. We have to wear a uniform. 7.Can we wear hats in school? We can wear hats in school.

12 8.Where’s your pen pal from?
9. Where does he live? 10.What language does she speak? 11.Why do you like pandas? …where your pen pal is from …where he lives …what language she speaks …why you like pandas

13 陈述语序（主+谓） 宾语从句 一、宾语从句的语序：___________________ 判断下列句子是否正确，（T or F）
1. Everyone wanted to know how was he successful.( ) Everyone wanted to know how he was successful.( ) F T 2. Could you tell me where he lives? ( ) Could you tell me where does he live? ( ) T F T 3. He asked me what was the matter with me. ( ) He asked me what the matter was with me. ( ) F

14 are will go moved 宾语从句 二、宾语从句的时态： 任 何
1. 主句是一般现在时，宾语从句可以是_______时态。 I don’t think (that) you right. (be) Please tell us where we fishing tomorrow. (go) Do you know when Mr. Smith here? (move) are will go moved

15 was would had left 宾语从句 二、宾语从句的时态：
过去某个 2. 主句是过去时,宾语从句用 _______时态。例如： He told me that he born in Beijing in 1992.(be) He said that he go back to the U.S. soon. (will) When I arrived there I found he _____ . (leave) was would had left

16 The teacher says that the earth _______ around the sun. (move)
宾语从句 二、宾语从句的时态： 一般现在 3. 主句过去/现在时态,宾语从句是客观真理,从句用_____ 时。例如： The teacher says that the earth _______ around the sun. (move) Father told me that practice perfect. (make) moves makes

17 现在时 (依语境)任何时态 过去时 过去某个时态 现/过时态 一般现在时(客观真理)
结论2：宾语从句的时态： 主句 从句 1. 2. 3. 现在时 (依语境)任何时态 过去时 过去某个时态 现/过时态 一般现在时(客观真理)

18 1. The radio says it _______ cloudy tomorrow. (be)
2. The headmaster hopes everything _____ well. (go) 3. Tom says that they _________ (play) basketball at six o’clock yesterday evening. 4. Can you tell me what they _______ yesterday? (do) 5. Our teacher told us in class the sun ______ in the east. (rise) 6. He asked what they ______ at eight last night. (do) 7. The teacher told his class that light _______ faster than sound. (travel) 8. I think you _______ about the relay race now. (talk) 9. I didn’t know whom the letters _______ from. (be) will be goes were playing did rises were doing travels are talking were

19 10. Could you tell me who ________ away the book already? (take)
has taken 10. Could you tell me who ________ away the book already? (take) 11. Ling Feng tells me he_____ to Shanghai several times. (be) 12. He said that they _________ members of the Party since (be) 13. I hear they __________ (return) it already. has been had been have returned

20 2. who, whom, whose, which, what, where, how, why, when;
宾语从句 三、宾语从句连接词的选用及省略： 常见的引导宾语从句的连词有哪些？ 1. that; 2. who, whom, whose, which, what, where, how, why, when; 3. whether, if 。 如何选择？

21 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 that that that 小结：that 在句中___词汇意义,在从句中 ( ) 无 不 可以 ( )
1. I hear he will be back in an hour. 2. He said he missed us very much. 3.The teacher told us the earth moves around the sun. that ( ) ( ) that ( ) that 小结：that 在句中___词汇意义,在从句中 _______充当成分，引导一个从句时____省略。 无 不 可以

22 that不能省略的2种情况 1.当that引导多个宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略， 第二、第三…个不能省略;
I believe that you can do it well now and that you will make much progress in the future. ( ) 2.it做形式宾语,引导真正宾语从句的that不能省略。 (主+think/find/feel/ make+ it+宾补+that从句) I find it not easy that we can stop a bad habit. I think it useful that we read English aloud. She feels it hard that she can visit us next week.

23 I feel it hard that he can give up smoking.
宾语从句 四、常用it做形式宾语的5个动词： 主语+think/find/feel/ make+ it+宾补+that从句 1.我觉得让他戒烟很难。 2.我认为他会成功是可能的。 3.他很明确他可以帮助Tom。 I feel it hard that he can give up smoking. I think it likely that he will succeed. He made it clear that he could help Tom.

24 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone.
主语+think/find/feel/ make+ it+宾补+that从句 4. 我们认为他对每个人都说了谎是错误的。 We think it wrong that he told a lie to everyone. 5. 他认为我得到这次机会是很幸运的。 He thought it lucky that I got the chance.

25 Competition 3: A B B B B A B B 请用A. (that) / B. that填空
1. I don’t think ____ she is coming. 2. It is a pity ____ he has made such a mistake. 3. The reason is ____ he is careless . 4. The news ____ our team won the match inspired us. 5.I don’t think it necessary ____ you should read English aloud. 6.He told me ____ his father had died and ____ he had to make a living alone. 7. The reason lies in _____ she works harderthan the others do. B B B B A B B

26 小结：这些引导词在句中___词汇意义, 在从句
由what, whom, whose, which, what； when, where, how, why引导宾语从句 温馨提示： 每词限用一次 who 1. He asked could answer the question. 2. Do you know they are waiting for. 3. He asked handwriting was the best in the class. 4. Do you know is the smaller, the earth or the moon? 5. Tell me we’ll have a meeting for him in the room. 6. He is not in his office. Can you tell me he is. 7. Can you tell me I can get to the station besides on foot？ 8. Could you tell me the train is late. whom whose which when where how why 小结：这些引导词在句中___词汇意义, 在从句 中_____成分，______省略。 有 充当 不可以

27 由whether, if 引导的宾语从句 从句,引导词只能用___,而不能用__. whether/if
1. I want to know he will go to the park with us . 2. Ask him he can come. 3. I don’t know it is going to rain or not. 4. It depends on ________ the letter arrives in time. whether/if whether whether 小结：当从句有or not出现或介词后的宾语 从句,引导词只能用___,而不能用__. whether if

28 如何选择宾语从句的引导词？ 结论3： 根据句子含义； 分析从句的句子成分。

29 宾语从句 that 1. that 和what 的区别： what 1. I know _____he wants.
结论: what ___成分,___词义; ____不作成分, 无词义； 否定句中的doubt后接_____ 从句。 充当 有 连接词选用的常见考点及难点： that 1. that 和what 的区别： what 1. I know _____he wants. 2. He dreams _____ he can go there one day. 3. We are very happy _____ we won the game. 4. Let’s discuss _____ you know about Mark Twain. 5. Dose Oliver believe ____ Henry told him? 6.We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying. 7. I don’t doubt _____ he will come. 8. I have no idea ____he did that afternoon. that that that what what what that what

30 1. He was worried about _____he would lose his job.
宾语从句 小结: 1. 只用whether： ① 介词后的宾从； ②discuss的宾从； ③有or not 时； ④宾从在句首时； 2. “如果”之意只用if。 连接词选用的常见考点及难点： 2.whether和if的区别： whether 1. He was worried about _____he would lose his job. 2. I shall tell her about it _____ you agree or not. 3. I am not interested in _____ they’ll go or not. 4. They discussed ___ you knew about Mark Twain. 5.We shall do this experiment ___we have time. 6. Could you tell me the truth ___ you trust me? 7. _______ I will go with you or not I am not sure. whether whether whether if if Whether

31 I don't know _____ the day after tomorrow.
A. when does he come B. how will he come C. if he comes D. whether he'll come 2. -- What did your parrot say, Bill? -- It asked us ______. A. what was the weather like B. what the weather was like C. what does the weather like D. what did the weather like 3. I wanted to know ______. A. what did he say B. why does she go to bed late C. why she went to bed late D. why she goes to bed late D B C 时态与语序

32 4. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
　A. who B. what C. when D. that 5.I don't know ___ they have passed the exam. 　A. what B. if C. when D. where 6.I hardly understand___ he has told me. 　A. that B. what C. which D. who 7. Could you tell me _____ with you？ A. what’s the matter B. what’s wrong C. what wrong was D. what was the matter C B B 注意：根据题意选择合适的引导词 D 注意： what’s the matter with you 与 What’s wrong with you本身就是陈述语序。

33 A C 8. -- Could you tell me ____ ? -- It’s next to the post office.
A. where the supermarket is B. where is the supermarket C. where was the supermarket D. where the supermarket was 9.Could you tell me ___? A. when will they leave Beijing B. when would they leave Beijing C. when they will leave Beijing D. when did they leave Beijing A C could表示委婉的语气,不是过去时。

34 D C A 10.The teacher told his class that light _____ faster than
sound. A. will travel B. would travel C. traveled D. travels 11. The teacher told us that the Pacific Ocean ______ the largest ocean in the world. A. was B. will be C. is D. are 12. Father told his litter son that three and three ___ six. A. is B. was C were D. will be C A 客观真理，科学事实，从句要用一般现在时。

35 宾语从句运用 — 我们的宾语从句

36 We want to study. They said they wanted to study.

37 My father said I was a clever girl. You are a clever girl.
What did your father say? My father said I was a clever girl. You are a clever girl.

38 I am in space. What did he say? He said he was in space.

39 if/whether he was taller than them.
Am I taller than you? He asked if/whether he was taller than them.

40 He asked why you are so happy?
Why are you so happy ? He asked why you are so happy?

41 五、suggest 的宾语从句有什么特别？ 肯定句 结论1: suggest+宾从,如果宾从是 ，宾从的谓语应该用 ; 其中，should
Miss Yang suggested to her little son that he _____________________(go and make) an apology to his teacher. 杨老师建议她的小儿子他应该去向老师道歉。 (should) go and make 肯定句 结论1: suggest+宾从,如果宾从是 ，宾从的谓语应该用 ; 其中，should 省略. should do 可以

42 五、suggest 的宾语从句有什么特别？ s 否定句
2. Last night, Lin Lin suggested me that I (speak) while you were finishing your homework. 昨天晚上,林琳建议我说让我别在你们做作业时讲话。 (should) not speak 否定句 结论2: suggest+宾从,如果宾从是 ，宾从的谓语应该用 ; 其中，should 省略. should not do 可以

43 五、advise 的宾语从句有什么特别？ (should) be held
2. She advised that the class meeting _______ (hold) on Saturday. 她建议班会应在星期六举行。 3. She advised that the class meeting (hold) on Saturday. 她建议班会不要在星期六举行。 (should) not be held

44 在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。
六、宾语从句的否定前移： 在think, believe, suppose, expect 等动词的宾语从句中，否定不用在从句中，而是将think 等词变为否定形式。 I don’t think the film is interesting. 我觉得这部电影没什么意思。 I don’t suppose we are going outing tomorrow. 我猜想我们明天不会出去郊游。 3. I don’t believe it is right not to behave well. 我相信不讲文明是不对的。

45 时态---三种情况；(客观真理，科学事实) 引导词的正确选用： that / what， whether / if；
宾语从句总结： 语序---陈述语序； 时态---三种情况；(客观真理，科学事实) 引导词的正确选用： that / what， whether / if； 引导词that的两种省略； （make/think/feel/find/consider+it+…） 5. suggest/advise+宾从; 6. 否定前移现象。 it 做形式宾语 (should) do think/believe/suppose/expect+宾从(否定)

46 改错练习 （找出宾语从句中的错误） 1. Teng Yi asked me why was I late for school.
2. Huang Ke doesn’t know what he does yesterday. 3. Chen Xiang wondered where I have been. 4. Li Lei said that the moon went round the earth. 5. Peng Hui doesn’t know that when she can come back. 6. Wang Hao didn’t know if he can help me or not. 7. He Xuehai said she didn’t know how much did the computer cost.

47 Come on!

48 Group 1： 1. Mr. Li asked me why was I late for school. 2. Huang Ke doesn’t know what he does yesterday. I was did

49 Group 2： 3. Chen Xiang wondered where I have been. 4. Li Lei said that the moon went round the earth. had goes

50 Group 3： 5. He doesn’t know that when she can come back. 一个宾语从句不能同时用两个引导词。 6. I didn’t know if he could help me or not. whether

51 I don’t believe what you said is true.
抢答题： 7. She said she didn’t know how much did the computer cost. 8. I believe what you said is not true. I don’t believe what you said is true.

52 完成句子

53 1.林钢问有多少个国家参加了广州亚运会。(take part in)
Lin Gang asked ______________________________ the Asian Games. 2.据说当时亚运期间坐公交车免费。(… be free to…) It is said that ______________________during the the Asian Games. 3.李芳问老师这是否是真的。 Li Fang asked the teacher____________________. 4.老师建议我们应该依靠自己,尽可能去寻求真相。 Our teacher advised to us that __________________ ___________________________________________. 5.我们相信我们今后一定不会轻易听信传闻。(hearsay) We _________________________________________. how many countries had taken part in it was free to travel by bus if it had been true/ whether it had been true or not we should depend on ourselves and try to find the truth as possibly as we can don’t believe that we will trust any hearsay easily in future

54 passage by using object clauses.
Try to write a good passage by using object clauses.

55 1、细审题，定时态； 2、析要点，类信息； 3 、想短语，思句子； 4、五大句型不忘记； 5、 过渡词，巧连接； 6、总分总，句成篇；
写作八步走 1、细审题，定时态； 2、析要点，类信息； 3 、想短语，思句子； 4、五大句型不忘记； 5、 过渡词，巧连接； 6、总分总，句成篇； 8、美观书写给我分。 不走过场不步

56 successfully in Guangzhou. Yesterday we
昨天你们与英语老师就即已经举行的广州亚运会进行了讨论，问了很多有关亚运会的问题。请根据中文提示写一篇5句话短文。可适当发挥。文章开头已给出但不算在总句数之内。尽量使用宾语从句和次序词。 In 2011, the 16th Asian Games was held successfully in Guangzhou. Yesterday we had a heated talk with Miss Yang. _____... 中文提示： 1.林钢问有多少个国家参加了广州亚运会。 2.据说当时亚运期间坐公交车免费。 3.李芳问老师这是否是真的。 4.老师建议我们应该依靠自己,尽可能去寻求真相。 5.我们相信我们今后一定不会轻易听信传闻。

57 In 2010, the 16th Asian Games was held in Guangzhou .
Yesterday we had a heated talk with our English teacher, Miss Yang and we asked her many questions about it. First, Lin Gang asked how many countries had taken part in the Asian Games. Miss Yang told him that there were 45 countries. Then, Li Fang said that he had heard that it was free to travel by bus during the Games, asking whether it was true or not. We thought that Miss Yang would say yes. But, to our surprise, she smiled , suggesting to us that we should depend on ourselves and try to find the truth as posibly as we can. At the end of the talk, we made it clear to Miss Yang that we didn’t believe we would trust any hearsay easily.

58 he will come back in an hour.
1.I hear (that) __________________________. （一小时后他会回来） 2.He said (that) ________________________. （他非常想念我们） 4.Please tell me _____________________________________. (他是否来自美国) 5. I didn’t know ____________________________.（他是否正确） 6. I wonder ______ your mother usually ______ up.(我想知道通常你妈妈什么时候起床） 7. Mary asked me _____ _____ _____ TV set _____.（Mary问我我的电视多少钱） 8.Can you tell me ____ ____ ____ ____ in class.（能告诉我班上谁最高吗？） he missed us very much if/whether he comes from America if/whether he was right when gets how much my cost who is the tallest

59 Predicative Clauses 表语从句

60 表语从句是在复合句中作表语的名词性从句, 放在系动词之后,一般结构是“主语+系动词+表语从句”。可以接表语从句的系动词有be, look, remain, seem。
The problem is 【puzzling】. The problem is 【 when we can get a pay rise】. （简单句） 主语 表语 系动词 when 主语 谓语 宾语 系动词 主语 （复合句） 连接副词

61 ∧ （简单句） 他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。 （复合句） He has become a teacher. 他已经成为一名教师。
He has become what he wanted to be ten years ago.  他已经成为了他10年前想成为的。 what ∧ 谓语 状语 主语 （复合句） 表语从句 连接代词 what在从句中做表语

62 连接词: （1）that （2）whether /as if /as though （ if 不引导表语从句) （3）who / whom / whose / which / what （4）when / where / why / how / because E.g.The question is whether we can rely on him. That’s because we were in need of money at that time. He looked as if he was going to cry. That’s why I was late.

63 注 意： 在表语从句中，表“是否” 时，只能用 “whether”不能用“if”。 一般情况下，“that”不能省。
It is /was because …. It is /was why…. 4. The reason …. is /was that…. 这是因为…. …. 这就是为什么…. …. （…. ….的）原因就是….

64 1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do.
【即学即练】 B 1. That’s ___ the Party called on us to do. A. why B. what C. how D. that 2. The reason is ___ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 3 .That is ___ they separated. A. that B. what C. which D. where 4.You are saying that everyone should be equal, and this is ____ I disagree. A. why B. where C. what D. how 5. — I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. — Is that ____ you had a few days off ? A. why B. when C. what D. where ∧ C D B A

65 Exercise: 补全句子 where I stood yesterday for an hour 1.She has remained ________________________________. 她一直在我昨天站的地方站了一个小时。 2.His suggestion is _____________________________ .  他的建议是，我们应该保持冷静。 3.The question is ———————————————.  问题是，他什么时候可以到达酒店。 4. That is ————————.   这就是我来的原因。 5. The problem is ————————————————. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。   that we should stay calm when he can arrive at the hotel why I came how we can get the things we need