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Why are black robes worn in extremely hot climates?

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Presentation on theme: "Why are black robes worn in extremely hot climates?"— Presentation transcript:

1 Why are black robes worn in extremely hot climates?
7 熱物理 Why are black robes worn in extremely hot climates?

2 黑袍下的秘密 6C higher, Nature 1980

3 熱物理 (Thermal Physics) 溫度與熱 熱膨脹 相變化(phase changes) 熱傳遞(Heat transfer)
氣體動力論(Kinetic Theory of gases) 引擎與致冷機 傳統能源與再生能源

4 7.1 溫度與熱 The Celsius and Fahrenheit temperature scales Kelvin Scale
TF = (9/5)TC+32° Kelvin Scale TC = T – ° T3 = K triple point 水的三相點溫度

5 凱氏攝氏與華氏溫標

6 攝氏與華氏溫標

7 從最高溫到最低溫 0.5x10-9

8 溫度計 定容氣體溫度計 熱偶溫度計 Bimetallic strip Optical pyrometer

9 定容氣體溫度計

10 凱氏溫標的定義

11 熱偶溫度計 (thermocouple) -240 ° C– 2700 °C
康銅是一種銅鎳合金,由55%的銅和45%鎳(Cu55Ni45)所組成,它的特性是不易隨溫度變化而改變其性其,且電阻率高。 -240 ° C– 2700 °C

12 Bimetallic strip and Optical pyrometer
光測高溫計 集中於一幕屏(screen)上,幕屏後裝一紅色濾鏡,僅讓波長為0.65 microns之輻射能透過,俾使觀察者易觀察幕屏上之情形。同時另裝一標準鎢絲燈,其發出之輻射能亦可集中在幕屏上,以作為比較。調整變阻器以調整通過標準鎢絲燈之電流,使標準光源在幕屏上之亮度(brightness) 與輻射熱之亮度相等。此時變阻器之刻度即代表此輻射熱源之溫度。

13 熱(heat)的定義和單位 Heat is the energy that is transferred between a system and its environment because of a temperature difference that exists between them J = Joule(焦耳) Cal = calorie(卡洛里) Btu = British Thermal Unit

14 例一 A candy bar 350大卡 1 mile = km 供100W燈泡使用4.1h 慢跑3 ~ 4mi

15 7.2 熱膨脹

16 Bimetallic strip switch

17 線膨脹與體膨脹

18 例二 熱應力 (Thermal stress)

19 例三 Delivering diesel oil from Las Vegas to Payson
9785 gal, temperature difference 41°F  = 9.510-4/C ° - diesel fuel  = 11 10-6/C ° - steel tank

20 例四 水的 ”熱漲冷縮”


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