分詞.

Presentation on theme: "分詞."— Presentation transcript:

1 分詞

2 Content What is 分詞? 分詞有哪些功能? 分詞構句?

3 1. 分詞是句有形容詞詞性的動詞形式，分為現在分詞(V-ing)與過去分詞(p.p/V-en)。
What is 分詞? 1. 分詞是句有形容詞詞性的動詞形式，分為現在分詞(V-ing)與過去分詞(p.p/V-en)。 2.動名詞與現在分詞的型態都是V-ing，但動名詞是具有名詞詞性，兩者不可混用。

4 1. 作動詞。You are driving me crazy. 2. 作形容詞。The tiring job wore me out.
分詞有哪些功能? 1. 作動詞。You are driving me crazy. 2. 作形容詞。The tiring job wore me out. 3. 作名詞。The old and learned should be respected.

5 分詞作主要動詞的一部分 現在分詞表示主動。 You are driving me crazy 你快把我逼瘋.(表示主動、進行) 過去分詞表是被動、完成。 The Picasso painting was sold to a Japanese man.這幅畢卡索的畫(被)賣給了一位日本人。(表示被動) The naughty boy has got into trouble.

6 牛刀小試 This is an ____ story. (A) interested (B) interesting (C) interests We watched an _____ game last night. (A) exciting (B) excite (C) excites (D) excited Be careful of those ____ cups! (A) broke (B) breaking (C) broken (D) breaks During the math class, we all felt ____. (A) confused (B) confusing (C) confuses

7 分詞作形容詞 A. 前位修飾: 分詞至於名詞之前來修飾名詞，有兩種情況: 1. V-ing+N:現在分詞表是主動或動作正在進行 2. V-en+N:過去分詞表示被動或動作已經完成 The tiring job wore me out.(表示主動) Only time can heal a broken heart.(表示被動)

8 B. 後位修飾: 1. 置於名詞之後來修飾名詞的分詞通常是關係子句簡化而來，這種分詞因後面常帶有詞組，所以稱為「分詞片語」。 2
B. 後位修飾: 1. 置於名詞之後來修飾名詞的分詞通常是關係子句簡化而來，這種分詞因後面常帶有詞組，所以稱為「分詞片語」。 2. 關係子句改成分詞片語時，要把關代省略，並把動詞改成現在分詞(表主動)或過去分詞(表被動);表被動的動詞若改成過去分詞，則其前面的be 動詞也要一併省略。

9 關係子句改成分詞片語時，要把關代省略，並把動詞改成現在分詞
People who come from the West often don’t understand Eastern customs. People coming from the West often don’t understand Eastern customs. 分詞片語coming from the West 修飾people，people 為分詞片語的動作者。

10 表被動的動詞若改成過去分詞，則其前面的be 動詞也要一併省略。
They are looking for a little girl who is called Melody. They are looking for a little girl called Melody. 分詞片語called Melody 修飾a little girl，a little girl 非分詞片語的動作者。

11 牛刀小試 When it snowed, I was always excited and tired to catch some ____ snowflakes. (A) fall (B) fell (C) fallen (D) falling The novel ____ by Henry is a best seller. (A) write (B) wrote (C) written (D) writed The girl ____ to the man is Mary. (A) talking (B) talked (C) talk (D) to talk

12 分詞作名詞 1. 當名詞用的分詞常和定冠詞the 一起出現，形成 the + V-ing/V-en ，此種用法的分詞通常代表整體，所以視為複數。 如: the living (活人) 、the dying(將死之人)、the drowning(溺水的人)、the rich(好野人)、the poor(起駕)…

13 分詞構句

14 What is 分詞構句? 分詞構句是指分詞所引導的一種句子，由副詞子句或對等子句簡化而來。

15 How to write a 分詞構句? 句子的 前後子句主詞相同時，先去掉連接詞，再去掉主詞，最後將動詞改成分詞。 動詞為主動時，要改成 現在分詞 。 動詞為被動時，要改成 過去分詞 。

16 動詞為主動時，要改成 現在分詞 。 When you turn left, you will see a supermarket.
(去掉連接詞，再去掉相同的主詞，將動詞改成分詞 ) Turing left, you will see a supermarket. ( turing 表主動)

17 After they had finished their work, they went home together.

18 動詞為被動時，要改成 過去分詞 Because the car was parked illegally on the street, the car was in everyone’s way. (被動) Parked illegally on the street, the car was in everyone’s way.

19 After he finished his work, he took a rest.
牛刀小試 After he finished his work, he took a rest. Turing the left, you will find the bank. Because the book was written in haste, it had many mistakes.

20 _____ that he was wrong, Frank said sorry to all of us
_____ that he was wrong, Frank said sorry to all of us. (A) Knowing (B) Known

21 分詞構句其他注意事項 若分詞構句中有 being或having been ，兩者可保留也可省略。
Because he was tired, he sat down to take a rest. (Being) tired, he sat down to take a rest. As Jenny had been encouraged by her teacher, she became more confident than before. (Having been) encouraged by her teacher, she became more confident than before.

22 牛刀小試 _____ , Mary asked for a break. (A) Tiring (B) Tired (C) Being tired

23 若分詞構句的語意不清楚時，通常會保留連接詞而不去掉。
When the dog was seen, it ran away immediately. (When) seen, it ran away immediately.

24 否定的分詞構句 否定的分詞構句，在分詞前配合一個not。 Because she didn’t know how to finish her work, she burst into tears. Not knowing how to finish her work, she burst into tears.

25 POP Quiz 1. _____ the police coming, the robber fled away in a white car with the money. (see) 2._____ high from the airplane, the building looked like a small matchboxes. (see)

26 3. ____ in the world, Bill Gates is able to donate a considerable sum of money to charity every year. (A) To be the richest man (B) Been the richest man (C) The richest man (D) Being the richest man

27 4. Though ____ with difficulties, he wouldn’t give up and instead put more efforts into achieving his goal. (A) to face (B) facing (C) faced (D) having faced

28 5. When ____, he can get more work done
5. When ____, he can get more work done. (A) he feels frustrating (B) feeling frustrating (C) not feeling frustrating (D) not feeling frustrated

29 6. Dolphins can perform many amazing tricks when properly _____
6. Dolphins can perform many amazing tricks when properly _____. (A) to train (B) train (C) training (D) trained

30 7. ____ his work, he left the office
7. ____ his work, he left the office. (A) Finish (B) Finishing (C) Having finished 8. ____ on time, this project got an award. (A) Having finished (B) Having been finished (C) He has finished it

31 9. ____ a good rest, Peter looked pale
9. ____ a good rest, Peter looked pale. (A) Having not (B) Not having (C) No have After the book ____ in haste, I found there were many mistakes. (A) writing (B) written