Works Council Elections in Germany (德国的企业委员会选举) 1 Works Council Elections in Germany (德国的企业委员会选举) Maike Niggemann, Industrial Trade Union of Mining, Chemical and Energy Workers(采矿、化工、能源业工会) (IG BCE)

IG BCE Merger 1997 2 GL IG CPK Leather（皮革业） Chemicals（化工） 22.000 members（2万2千人） IG CPK Chemicals（化工） Pharmaceuticals（制药） Paper（纸） Rubber（橡胶） Glass（玻璃） Ceramics（制陶业） Plastic（塑胶） 670.000 members（67万人） IG BE Mining(矿业) Energy（能源） 325.000 members（32万5千人）

Structure of membership（成员结构） 3 Structure of membership（成员结构） Total: 675,606 members （总人数：675606） Share of female members:23,9% （女性员工占23.9%） Members below 25 years of age:10% （25岁以下的员工占10%）

Works Council Elections（企业委员会选举） 4 Works Council Elections（企业委员会选举） Where can a works council be elected?（企业委员会的选举条件） The Works Council Constitution Act provides for the formation of works councils at works where there are at least five permanent employees who are entitled to vote. Three of them must be electable. （企业委员会宪法法案规定，企业委员会的选举有效必须满足以下条件：至少要有5个拥有投票权的、并且其中3个拥有候选资格的雇员参加，） Works councils are elected for 4 years. （企业委员会一届任期为四年） The election period is March – May. 2014 is election year. （选举的时间是在3月-5月。2014年是选举年。）

all employees over 18, irrespective of their nationality 5 Who can vote?（谁有投票权） all employees over 18, irrespective of their nationality 不论国籍、所有年满18岁的雇员 full- and part-time employees 全职和兼职的雇员 temporary employees if they are deployed at the works for longer than three months 工作时长超过3个月的临时员工 executives who perform corporate tasks (who can “hire and fire”) are not entitled to vote 负责公司事务的管理层（有权雇人或解雇工人的人）没有投票权

Who can be elected? （谁享有被选举权） 6 Who can be elected? （谁享有被选举权） Electable individuals are all employees - irrespective of their nationality - who are actively entitled to vote and who have been employed at the site for at least six months. （所有员工，不论他们的国籍、只要他们有权进行投票、并且工作时长超过6个月的员工都享有被选举权）

How are works council elections held? （企业委员会是如何进行选举的） The elections are prepared and held by an electoral board. This board is either appointed by the current works council or elected at a general meeting （选举是由一个选举委员会进行筹备和主持的，这个选举委员会是当前企业委员会任命的，或者是经常规会议选择出来的） Different electoral processes exist (normal and simplified) depending on the number of employees（员工的数量决定选举程序的正常或者简化，选举程序有所不同） 7

The electoral board （选举委员会） 8 The electoral board （选举委员会） draws up a list of voters in which all eligible voters （草拟一个合格选民的选民名单） then issues an election announcement (where and when the election is to be held, the number of works council members to be elected and so on)（然后发布一个选举通告，包括选举什么时候、在哪里举行，要选举多少名企业委员会成员等事宜）

（两周之内，所有有意竞选企业委员会成员的人，必须被列入候选人名单） 9 Within two weeks anyone wishing to run for the works council must be included in a list of candidates. （两周之内，所有有意竞选企业委员会成员的人，必须被列入候选人名单） This list must be published at least one week before the election.（候选名单需在选举的前一周发布） There are two possible types of voting：（有两种投票的方式） list voting（列表投票） candidate voting（候选人投票）

（选举委员会在公司投票室进行，用选票和选票信封进行匿名的、直接的投票） 1010 The works council is elected in a company voting room in a secret and direct vote with ballot paper and ballot envelopes. （选举委员会在公司投票室进行，用选票和选票信封进行匿名的、直接的投票） If employees are absent on the day of the election, they can vote in writing (postal vote).（如果员工缺席当天的选举，则可以邮寄投票） The votes are counted openly after the polling station has closed. （投票站关闭之后进行公开的唱票）

Election protection and election costs （对选举的保障和选举成本） 1111 Election protection and election costs （对选举的保障和选举成本） special legal protection： （特殊的法律保护） anyone who submits an invitation to an election meeting anyone who is a member of the electoral board and anyone running for the works council election enjoys special temporary protection against dismissal （提交选举会邀请的人、是选举委员会成员的人以及竞选企业委员会的人都享有特殊的法律保护，即暂时不能被解雇）

（法律禁止用人单位妨碍或者影响企业委员会的选举工作，如果他们妨碍了可能会受到惩罚） 1212 The employer is prohibited by law from hindering or influencing the works council elections and may be punished for doing so. （法律禁止用人单位妨碍或者影响企业委员会的选举工作，如果他们妨碍了可能会受到惩罚） No employee may be hindered from exercising his or her active or passive right to vote. （任何人都不能阻止员工积极或者是被动的行使投票权） The costs of the works council election are to be borne by the employer. （企业委员会的选举成本由雇主承担）

Number of Works Council Members（企业委员会的成员数量） 1313 Number of Works Council Members（企业委员会的成员数量） Workers wc members full-time works councillors 5 - 20 1 200 - 500 : 1 21 - 50 3 501 - 900 : 2 51 - 100 5 901 - 1500 : 3 101 - 200 7 1501 - 2000 : 4 201 - 400 9 2001 - 3000 : 5 401 - 700 11 3001 - 4000 : 6 701 - 1000 13 4001 - 5000 : 7 1001 - 1500 15 5001 - 6000 : 8 1501 - 2000 17 6001 - 7000 : 9 2001 - 2500 19 7001 - 8000 :10 2501 - 3000 21 8001 - 9000 :11 3001 - 3500 23 9001 - 10000 :12 3501 - 4000 25 (+ 2000 :+1) 4001 - 4500 27 4501 - 5000 29 5001 - 6000 31 6001 - 7000 33 7001 - 9000 35 (+3000) (+2)