Leisure Services Programming

Planning 地區發展計畫 v.s. Programming 企劃安排

PProgramming is the single most important product of a leisure and recreation organization 休閒遊憩組織最重要的產品, why ？ TThe opportunity for people to enjoy leisure is made available through programming p. 447

 Programming must achieve optimal use 最 佳使用 of existing resources (…) to meet the goals of the organization and the needs of people

Leisure programming  Consists of planning, scheduling, timetabling and implementing action which uses resources, facilities and staff to offer a wide range of services and activities.

 A balanced program 平衡企畫 would 包含 ?

Balanced Program Features Opportunities to ：  participate in a range of leisure activities on a structured and informal basis  participate actively, passively or creatively  be involved as an individual or with a club or group

 time set aside for a regular core program of activities as well as time set aside for a variable program  competition, participation events and audience and spectator special events

Who Does programming?  Balanced programs giving equal opportunity to all is extremely difficult to fashion.  “There is nothing more unequal than the equal treatment of unequals”

What Constitutes a Program?  Activities 活動 :  Amenities 設施 :  Services 服務 :  Staff 人員 :  Money  p. 451

Program Classification Why to learn 分類 ？  Balance of program types FFunction 功能 : FFacilities 設施 :

 People 人 :  Outcomes 結果 :

社區遊憩企畫  The total experiences of individuals and groups resulting from community action in providing areas, facilities, leadership and funds,  企劃的成功 ?

Programming Strategies  Community development 社區發展 : programs which emanate from the community itself  the process itself and the participation

 Social planning 社會規劃 : planned programs directed professionally by officers or authorities 由當局主導

Approach Differences Important difference ？ p. 452  View 觀點  Involved tasks 工作  Working groups 工作團體  Skills

 The programs are only successful as long as the support is available over a sustained period of time 企劃成功的要素  Which one is used the most by the local authorities? Why?  Which one is better?

Lessons from past mistakes  p. 457

Programming by Objectives  Interpret policy 政策, establish aims and objectives 目標 p. 461  Assess resources and current and potential demand  Set objectives  Plan the program

 Promote, implement and control the program  Evaluate the program  Obtain feedback 回饋 and modify

Activity Programming  遊憩體驗是一動態過程, 影響因素 ?

六個活動企劃元素  1. 參與互動者  2. 實質情境  3. 休閒事物  4. 規則  參與者之間的關係  活化活動

 Customers buy expectations or benefits of benefits

遊憩體驗階段  Anticipation  Travel to  On-site  Travel back  Recollection Programmers 通常於何時介入 ?

 應於何時介入 ?

Benefits-Based Management 全面管理策略, 公園與遊憩機構行銷管理的新 方法, 讓人們了解公園與遊憩機構對人們的 好處  Benefits-Based Awareness  Benefits-Based Programming, BBP

Benefits-Based Programming  結果導向, 為特定對象創造具體利益,

Program Areas  Leisure activities may be classified based on types of activities 活動, amount and kind of involvement by the customer 消費者涉入量 和類型, activity settings 活動情境, activity benefits 活動效益, …

 Arts  Literary activities  Self-improvement/Education  Sports, Games, and Athletics  Aquatics

 Outdoor recreation  Wellness  Hobbies  Social recreation  Volunteer services  Travel and tourism

Emerging Areas of Program Importance  Youth Programming  Family Programming

Program Formats  The configuration or way in which experiences are sequenced 排序 and linked to one another to increase the likelihood that customers will achieve desired benefits  企畫者需知可傳遞休閒體驗 leisure experiences 的各種結構

Formats of Program  Competitive  Drop-In or Open  Class  Club  Special Event  Workshop/Conference  Interest Group

 Outreach 援外

Program Matrix  須針對六元素及目標來考量