大学英语四级考试 语法难点总评

一．虚拟语气 1. 时态 意义 条件从句 主句 与现在事实相反 动词一般过去式did  意义 条件从句 主句 与现在事实相反 动词一般过去式did Should (would, could, might) +do 与过去事实相反 过去完成时had done Should (would)+have+done 与将来事实相反 1．Were+不定式 （were+to do） 2．Should+动词原形  Should/would+do

2.固定的动词 要求 ask require demand insist desire maintain propose suggest urge advise recommend move command order arrange decide 例如： It has been decided that the general meeting be postponed till next week.

3. 在形式主语的结构中 1) 在有特殊形容词的句套里 It is necessary that… It is imperative that… It is essential that… It is important that… It is strange that… It is natural that… It is desirable that… It is incredible that… It is advisable that…

2） 在有特殊名词的句套里 It is a pity that… It is a shame that… It is no wonder that…

4．在特殊名词的同位语从句中 suggestion, proposal, order, request, plan, idea, recommendation, motion

5. expect, believe, think, suspect 动词在否定或疑问形式重。 例如： I never thought that she should be such a worldly girl.

6. If only, would (that), ’d rather (would rather, had rather) as if 例如： If only I had not cheated at the exam. Would (that) I were young again.

7. It is time 从句 It is high time… It is about time you got up.

二．主谓语一致 half of the the rest of the enough of the 单数名词 单数动词 复数名词 复数动词 lots of heaps of loads of 不可数名词 复数可数名词 a portion of a series of a group of

(a) part of 单数名词 单数动词 复数名词 复数动词 a kind (sort)of 分数、百分数+of One of the +复数名词+who (that/which) +复数动词

例如： 1.Half of the laboratory was damaged in the explosion. 2.Half of the buildings in the neighborhood were destroyed in the earthquake. 3. Loads of milk was given to them free. 4. A series of debates between the major candidates was scheduled for the Labor Day weekend.

5. A part of the land is devoted to agriculture. 6. Three-fourths of the earths surface is sea. 7. Over 40 percent of the teachers are against the plan. 8. She is one of the few girls who are acquainted with the old poet.

2. the +形容词（分词形容词）+复数动词 The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.

3. 并列主语在意义上指同一事物、人等 2）Whisky and soda is always my favorite drink. 1）       The secretary and account of the company was absent at the meeting. 2）Whisky and soda is always my favorite drink. 3） There is a knife and fork on the table.

4. every …and… every …and every each.. and … each.. and each… 后都跟单数名词 Every flower and tree is to be cut down in the land.

5. the +形容词and the +形容词+单数名词===复数名词 The red and the white rose are withering in the cold.

6. or, either…or, neither…nor, not only, but also 是就近原则 1) Neither he nor you are wrong. 2) Not only the switches but also the old wiring has been replaced.

7. none of +单数名词==单数动词 none of +复数名词==复数动词

8． 主语+as well as ( as much as/rather than/more than/no less than) 词组：看主语是单数或复数 Some of the workers , as well as the manager, were working during the holiday.

9.单数主语+with(along with/together with/except) 用单数动词 Kate, together with her sisters, goes to work by subway every day.

10. there be 句型用就近原则 There is my wife and family to consider. There are many books and a computer on the table.