前瞻民航科技與航空維修研討會 未來航空科技與維修現況 前瞻民航科技與航空維修研討會 未來航空科技與維修現況 宛 同 亞洲航空公司/淡江大學航空太空工程學系 105.04.19

大 綱 我國科技實力 世界航空科技未來驅勢 我國航空維修現況研析

我國科技實力:1980年代末航太工業世界排名第七、2015年軍事力量世界排名第十三

圖一 1998年至2008年全世界科技投資額成長驅勢

圖二 1998年至2008年全世界科技論文成長驅勢

圖三 2011年全世界科技投資額與人口素質關係圖

2009 關鍵技術評估報告: 五軸加工機械 美國商業部工業暨安全局(Bureau of Industry and Security, U.S. Department of Commerce) 台灣在世界五軸加工機械上的份量

世界航空科技未來驅勢

航空產業特性與專有名詞：金字塔型生產體系、中心衛星工廠、高門檻、高科技、回收慢、適航認證(Airworthiness)、BASA(Bilateral Airworthiness and Safety Agreement)、Offset、GOCO、Dry Lease vs. Wet Lease、FAA vs. EASA、MRO、FAR、NADCAP、MIL等。

Three Technology Areas that May Drive Future Aeronautics Innovation: Exploiting Computational Advances for High-fidelity Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design (or MDO) Removing the Constraint that Aircraft Must be Designed Around Pilots or Passengers Designing the System rather than the Vehicles: Collectives and Systems of Systems

Blended-Wing-Body, BWB

Characteristics of BWB L/D increase by 20% Low fuel burn High environmental compatibility Low operating cost High operational flexibility for airlines Difficult to escape from aircraft within 90 seconds (ICAO Annex)

Man is No Longer the Measure of All Things Aeronautical: Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) or RPAS Micro Air Vehicle (MAV) Mesicopter – Centimeter-scale Rotorcraft Micro-Sailplanes, Solar-powered Aircraft, etc.

Future economic return? 未來產值?

Collectives, Multiagent Systems, and Systems of Systems in Aeronautics: Miniature Trailing Edge Effectors (MiTEs): small tab placed near the trailing-edge of an airfoil on the lower or upper surface oriented perpendicular to the airfoil chord line (as shown) Formation Flight – Induced Drag Saving of about 40% Chevron Engine Engine Cover Vortex Generator Fuel Cell Battery Laminar Flow Control

Collectives, Multiagent Systems, and Systems of Systems in Aeronautics: BWB Cargo Aircraft Civilian Air Re-Fueling Ceramic Matrix Composite (CMC) Distributive Electric Aircraft Propulsion (DEAP) Superconducting Devices is Key Post-stall Civilian Aircraft Performance Bio-fuel is Gone?

Current Industrial Design Surface mesh for modern RANS LES computation Typically 50 million flowfield grid points

Other Major Themes Composite materials Structural analysis and design Structural dynamics and aeroelasticity Fatigue and fracture Flight control – fly by wire Air traffic management Safety Human factors Noise UAVs Climate change

ICAS Workshops 2005: Towards a Global Vision on Aviation Safety and Security 2007: UAV-Airworthiness, Certification and Access to the Airspace 2009: Aviation and Environment 2011: Advanced Materials and Manufacturing-Certification and Operational Challenges 2013: The More Electrical Aircraft: Achievements & Perspectives for the Future 2015: Complex Systems Integration in Aeronautics

2005 & 2007 Aviation Safety and Security Achievements Goal for 2020: Traffic Amount Double and Accident Rates Become ¼ Compare to 2000 Point-to-Point vs. Hub-and-Spoke Near Future: B787 & A350XWB UAS or RPAS: Military A/C First and Commercial A/C Later, Cargo Transport First and Passenger Transport Later

2009 Aviation and Environment Greener: Air Pollution & Noise Pollution Aviation Industry only produce 2~3% of World CO2 Emission, But take a Lion’s Share of Blame NOx Emission is Less Than Expected Noise Sources: Engine, High Lift Devices, Landing Gear System Condensation Trail (Contrail) will produce Cirrus, and induce Climate Change, thus needs to vary the Cruise Altitude Future Fuel Burn should reduced 50% Still about 15% Wasted Efficiency in Operation

2011: Advanced Materials and Manufacturing – Certification and Operational Challenges Composite application on airframe has been increasing Typical examples are Boeing 787 & A350XWB Composites cannot currently demonstrate prominent advantage in cost & weight in small commercial airplane, such as MRJ Technical challenge against weight reduction Example: Lightning strike damage: difficult & costly tests, at a gateway of accurate numerical simulation If high development costs remain in composites, aircraft industries may go back to aluminum again!

2013: The More Electrical Aircraft: Achievements & Perspectives for the Future

EU Flightpath 2050 > 75% less CO2 emissions > 90% less NOx emissions > 65% reductions in perceived noise > Aircraft is designed and manufactured to be recyclable > Emission-free taxiing > 90% of all journeys (door-to-door within the EU) within 4 hrs > Flight arrived within 1 min. of planned time regardless of weather > 80% less accidents > ATM should handle at least 25Million flights/year

Zero-emissions Concept – The Ce-Liner (M∞~0.7)

Future 2050 Asian Plan? Area includes Mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong/ Macau, Korea, Japan, Singapore, and Southeast Asia > 70% less CO2 emissions > 80% less NOx emissions > 60% reductions in perceived noise > Emission-free taxiing > 80% of all journeys (door-to-door within Asia) within 4 hrs > Flight arrived within 5 min. of planned time regardless of weather > 80% less accidents > ATM should handle at least 30 Million flights/year

我國航空維修現況研析

目前現況：民用機、軍用及公務機、航太產值 發展飛機修護產業(民機、軍機、直昇機) 提昇複合材料、3D列印、及精進簡化製程等方面之技術精度 軍用機修護之特殊性：消失性商源、賣方市場 鏽蝕對我飛機修護產業之影響：溫度vs.溼度 EASA換證的挑戰 發展民航服務產業 建立空中交通管理技術能量

工研院航太中心、航空器適航驗證中心 聯成航太、長榮航太改裝四架B747 LCF 台灣區航太工業同業公會 TAIA 我國目前航空人力資源(國內、海外) Tier 2廠商、訓練維修業務

國防工業與經濟產業政策 遙控飛行器產業：設計、製造、使用、修護、飛安、航管、訓練、證照、適航、管理等 政府：Think Big, Think Ahead、以新加坡為師 個人：國際觀、英文實力、英制與公制、基本數理能力、學習力、守紀律 手腳靈活、英文很好的老實人

Q&A Thanks