课程与编码：语言学与应用语言学010208 张露茜（博士） 浙江工商大学 外国语学院 Pragmatics （英语语用学） 课程与编码：语言学与应用语言学010208 张露茜（博士） 浙江工商大学 外国语学院
1.A Review：Branches of Modern Linguistics (回顾：现代语言学的分支) 1.Phonetics (语音学) Sounds (音) 2.Phonology (音位学) 3.Morphology (形态学) Structures (形) 4.Syntax (句法学) 5.Semantics (语义学) Meanings (意) 6.Pragmatics (语用学) A new branch (1960s or 1970s-now)
2. Introduction: The Importance of Pragmatics (导入：语用学的重要性) Please ask your desk mate: “If you are ever arrested in the US, What is more important for you, what you say or how you say to the police? Why?
2. Introduction: The Importance of Pragmatics (导入：语用学的重要性) “If you are ever arrested in the US, remember that what you say may not be as important as how you say it.” (Cho 2001:11).
3. The definition of Pragmatics （语用学的定义） “Pragmatics is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication” (戴炜栋&何兆熊 2013:77).
4. Semantics vs. Pragmatics （对比语义学与语用学） What How Meaning= An inherent property of language (语言的内在属性) + The context (Firth, 1930) of language use (考虑语言使用的语境)
5. Sentence Meaning vs. Utterance Meaning （对比句子意义与话语意义） (the abstract, de-contextualized literal meaning) Semantics (The basis of utterance meaning) Pragmatics （Context） Utterance meaning (the concrete & context-dependent intension)
6. Group Tasks (1) Four people in a group. To compare the sentence meaning and the utterance meaning of “It’s cold”.
Example：It’s cold. Sentence meaning: (BE COLD) Utterance meaning (3 intentions)： a straight forward statement (telling others); an indirect and polite request (Would you please close the window?); a decline of someone’s request for help (I can not go outside in such cold weather.).
6. Group Tasks (2) A Three-step work: Finding a passage from a novel; Choosing twenty sentences; Discussing utterance meanings of the twenty sentences with your group members
Homework Prepare for Group Presentations about your understanding of Pragmatics.
Thank you!