Lecture 4- Cross-section design URBAN ROAD DESIGN Lecture 4- Cross-section design School of Civil Engineering 孙仁娟 2012.3.6

Cross section design Design criteria: 《城市道路工程技术标准》(CJJ -2009)

单幅路（一块板） One-section is applicable for 1.Construction boundary is narrow； 2.Less traffic volume in minor arterial and branch road； 3.Land is insufficient, removal is hard Branch road of branch road；

双幅路（两块板） Two-section is applicable for 1.Expreeway,arterial, and minor arterial road in suburb； 2.Other parallel road for non-motor vehicles exist； 3.Large elevation difference in cross section or special terrain.

江门市城市出入口道路

三幅路（三块板） Three-section is applicable for 1.Both motor and non-motor vehicles are many； 2.Building line is more than 40m.

四幅路（四块板） Four-section is applicable for 1. Motor and non-motor vehicles are many, speed is high in expressway and arterial way； 2.Landscape avenue of middle/small city.

“四块板”横断面

Compositions of cross section Motor way Non-motor way Sidewalk Dividing strip Facility area Green belt Parking strip Shoulder Drainage ditch

Design of motor way Procedures of motor way design 1. Preliminary determination of motor way number 2. Design the traffic organization 3. Make the cross section arrangement alternatives 4. Check the capacity 5. Determine the lane width

Design of motor way Basic lane width Widen lane width static (horizontal curve) dynamic

Design of motor way

Design of non-motor way 道路一侧非机动车或自行车道路面宽度为单向自行车道总宽度加上两侧各0.25m的路缘带宽。根据我国各城市设计和使用经验，道路一侧自行车道路面宽度推荐值为：3.5m、4.5m、5.5m、6.5m、7.5m和8.5m几种。

Design of non-motor way

Design of curb side strip

Design of curb side strip

Pavement of sidewalk (人行道铺装） 面层材料有： 砼方格块、彩色广场砖（仿古砖）、花岗石、大理石等。厚度3~8cm，采用拼装图案进行铺设。

Sidewalk for the blind （盲道） ① 行进盲道（go-ahead blind sidewalk） 人行道外侧有围墙花台或绿化带，行进盲道设在距其0.25~0.5m处； 人行道内侧有树池，行进盲道可设在距树池0.25~0.5m处； 人行道没有树池，行进盲道距立缘石>0.5m。 行进盲道的宽度宜为0.3~0.6m。 人行道成弧线时，盲道宜与 其走向一致。

Sidewalk for the blind （盲道） ② 提示盲道（warning blind sidewalk） 行进盲道起终点、转弯处应设提示盲道，其长度应大于行进盲道宽度； 距人行横道入口、广场入口、地铁入口等0.25~0.5m处应设提示盲道； 在候车站牌一侧应设提示盲道； 提示盲道的宽度宜为0.3~0.6m。

Camber and cross slope Type of camber Parabolic line Straight line Polyline

Design of curb 路缘石一般设置在分隔带与路面之间，人行道与路面之间。 缘石宜高出路面10～20cm，宽度宜为10～15cm（足够埋深） 路缘石形状：立式、平式、斜式和曲线式（分隔带端头或交叉口的小半径处）。

Design of curb

路侧带宽度即是人行道宽、设施带宽和绿化带宽三项之和。 当路侧带宽度有限，不足以分别从容布置人行道、设施带和绿化带时，可将设施带和绿化带合并布置，但要注意避免绿化对交通设施产生干扰和影响。 因此，城市道路横断面宽度是： 机动车道路面宽+非机动车道路面宽+路侧带宽+分车带宽（当有此设施时）

Bus lane/bus only lane Solutions of the bus transit in the city Bus priority Bus-only-lane One way road with converse bus-only lane Bus only signal

Bus lane/bus only lane A bus lane or bus only lane is a lane restricted to buses on certain days and times, and generally used to speed up public transport that would be otherwise held up by traffic congestion. Often restrictions do not apply to certain other vehicles, which may include taxis, high occupancy vehicles, motorcycles, and bicycles. Bus lanes are a central part of bus rapid transit.  Bus lanes give priority to buses and cut down on journey times where roads are congested with other traffic. A bus lane is not necessarily very long, as it may only be used to bypass a single congestion point such as an intersection. Some cities have built large stretches of bus lanes amounting to a separate local road system, often called a busway system.

Bus lane/bus only lane New York City Hong Kong City According to the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) and the National Transit Database  (NTD), the world's first designated bus lane was created in Chicago in 1939. The first bus lanes in Europe were established in 1962 in the German city of  Hamburg. Many experts from other countries (Japan among the first) studied the German example and implemented similar solutions. New York City Hong Kong City

Bus lane/bus only lane Bus-only lanes vary in type and hours of operation in San Francisco: Some are peak-hour curbside lanes; Some are all-day or full-time curbside lanes; Some are all-day or full-time dedicated lanes. One of the most extensive applications of bus-only lanes is London: Over 860 kilometers (537 miles) of bus priority streets; Include bus priority at intersections; 24-hour enforced bus-only lanes.

Bike lane Bike lanes are defined as "a portion of the roadway which has been designated by striping, signing and pavement marking for the preferential or exclusive use by bicyclists". Bicycle lanes make the movements of both motorists and bicyclists more predictable and as with other bicycle facilities there are advantages to all road users in striping them on the roadway. San Francisco Gets Its First Green Bike Lanes on Market Street

Bike lane Bicycle-friendly cities such as Madison, Eugene, Davis, Gainesville, and Palo Alto have developed extensive bike lane networks since the 1970s and more recently large cities such as Tucson, Chicago, Houston, Philadelphia, Portland and Seattle have begun to stripe bike lanes on their arterial and collector streets as a way of encouraging bicycle use. In general, bicycle lanes should always be: One-way; Carrying bicyclists in the same direction as the adjacent travel lane;

Questions?