中华环保联合会 李恒远 All-China Environment Federation Li Hengyuan NGO在法律援助中的作用 The Function of NGO in Legal Assistance 中华环保联合会 李恒远 All-China Environment Federation Li Hengyuan 2007年12月 December 2007 2018/12/5

前 言 近年来，我国环境保护取得了积极进展，但中国环境权益受到侵害的情形依然比较严重。 前 言 PREFACE 近年来，我国环境保护取得了积极进展，但中国环境权益受到侵害的情形依然比较严重。 Our country has made rapid progress in environment protection in recent years, but there are still a lot of cases of infringement of environmental rights. 环境侵权事件的发生，严重威胁了公民、法人、其他组织以及社会的整体环境权益。 These infringement cases threatened the people, corporation, other organization and the whole environment rights of the society. 中国社会迫切需要一些能够对政府职能起到补充作用的NGO。 With the development of China, as the supplement of the government, NGO, is much needed. 2018/12/5

NGO推动公民环境权益 一、NGO组织告知公民具有哪些环境权益 promote the right of environment 一、NGO组织告知公民具有哪些环境权益 NGOs can inform the public on environmental rights 二、NGO组织支持公民维护环境权益主要途径 NGOs can protect the public environment right 三、NGO组织积极推动环境维权法制建设 NGOs can contribute to legislative development 四、NGO组织积极开展环境维权的实务工作 NGOs can organize practical activities to protect the environment rights of the public 2018/12/5

告知公民环境权 Inform the public about their rights in environment protection 1 告知公民环境权 Inform the public about their rights in environment protection 2018/12/5

infraction of rights and get compensation 水、空气、森林、草地等等自然因素都是我们的环境资源，每一个公民都享有充分利用、健康享有这些资源的权利。 Natural resources like water、air、grassland and so all is our environment resources. Every person could enjoy the rights of utilization these resources. 环境资源的享有权 Right to natural resources 公众对其生活的环境和生存的状况享有知道的权利。 People have the right to know the status of the natural environment they live. 环境知情权 Right to access to information 公民的环境权益受到侵害，其享有申请侵害终止、侵害补偿的权利。 People have the right to apply for terminating infraction of their rights and get compensation. 侵害终止、侵害补偿权 Right of terminating infraction of rights and get compensation 2018/12/5

公众有权对国家机关制定的有关环境保护方面的规划、方针和政策以及具体行政执行人员在行政执法过程中的行为实行监督 政府行为监督权 People have the right to monitor the environmental planning, guideline that State establishes and the action of the executive agencies. 政府行为监督权 Right of monitoring 国家机关在必要时需举行论证会、听证会为公众提供参与国家环境管理的机会。 Government agencies should pay attention to the opinion of the public. Public hearings should be held if necessary. 环境管理的参与权 Right of participation 2018/12/5

公民维护环境权益途径 Ways to protect the public environment right 2 公民维护环境权益途径 Ways to protect the public environment right 2018/12/5

第一，与污染方协商，直接向污染方索赔。 可以直接与污染方进行协商，要求对方停止侵害、赔偿损失，也可以邀请没有利益关系的第三人居中进行调解。 Negotiate with polluters and claim for compensations. 可以直接与污染方进行协商，要求对方停止侵害、赔偿损失，也可以邀请没有利益关系的第三人居中进行调解。 Public can negotiate with polluters and ask for infringement terminating and the compensation. Also they could ask for the intermediation by a third party. 2018/12/5

第二，向当地环保行政主管部门举报和投诉。 Complain and report to the relative departments of environment administrative department. 第三，申请行政执法。 Ask for administrative enforcement 第四，向新闻媒体反映，请求舆论监督。 Report to the Media then ask for public supervision. 2018/12/5

Ask for environment right through lawsuit. 第五，申请法律援助。 Ask for legal assistance. 第六，可以通过诉讼维护自己的环境权益。 Ask for environment right through lawsuit. 第七，向有资质的民间环保组织请求救助。 Ask for qualified environment NGOs for assistance. 2018/12/5

推动环境维权法制建设 NGO can contribute to environmental legislative development 3 推动环境维权法制建设 NGO can contribute to environmental legislative development 三、    2018/12/5

第一，NGO组织可以在宏观上对全社会进行环境权益 保护方面的示范和引导，在微观上对环境受害 者进行具体的帮助和指导。 On the macro level, NGOs can demonstrate and guide the environmental rights protection; while on the micro level, NGOs can provide assistance to victims of environmental pollution. 2018/12/5

第二，组织开展维护环境权益和环境法律援助 的理论与实践活动。 Contribute to the protection of the public environment rights and provide legal aid. 积极关注环境立法与维权实践之间的差距，组织专 家研讨论证并形成建议，呈交立法机关，以健全国家相关环境法律制度，参与和完善环境权益立法，推进我国环境维权法制建设。 Pay attention to the gap between environmental legislation and the legal practice of environment rights protection. NGOs can organize experts to discuss suggestions then submit to legislative bodies so as to promote the improvements of environmental legislations and the development of the environmental legal institutions. 2018/12/5

第三，组织专家和社会力量加强对环境公益诉 讼制度进行全面研究和系统论证。 organize experts and social forces to research the public interests environment litigation. 2018/12/5

4 开展环境维权实务工作 NGO engage in the practical protection of the environment rights 2018/12/5

以中华环保联合会环境法律服务中心为代表的NGO组织，自成立以来积极维护公民环境权益 NGOs such as the Environmental Legal Services Center at All China Environment Federation (ACEF) actively explore the ways and means to protect the rights of public since their foundation 2018/12/5

protection of the environment rights of the public 维护公民环境权益 protection of the environment rights of the public 通过法律咨询、受理投诉、现场调研、援助诉讼等多种形式开展环境维权，力争为社会和公众，尤其是弱势群体提供切实、有效的法律援助。 Explore the ways and means to safeguard the rights of public through legal advice, complaints, on-site investigations, lawsuits and other assistance to the public especially to the people in the disadvantage. 截至2007年7月底，接受环境维权咨询6千余件，收到环境投诉案件161件，督促解决案件101起，援助案件18起，协助政府化解环境污染引发的群体性事件8起，向国家立法、司法、环保等国家机关发出建议书30余份。 We received 6000 consultation cases, 161 Complaint cases, 101 supervision cases, 18 assistance cases.8 group cases are settled. more than 30 proposals are given to the legislation department, judicatory department and environment protection department of our country. 2018/12/5

典型案件 河南省卢氏县铅中毒案 郑州朱书利诉龙辉 钙粉厂环境污染案 环洞庭湖区造纸企业污染案 Representative case 环洞庭湖区造纸企业污染案 The case in DongTing Lake 河南省卢氏县铅中毒案 The lead contamination case in LuShi county, Hunan province 郑州朱书利诉龙辉 钙粉厂环境污染案 The case of ZhuSuLi against Long Hui calcium powder factory on environmental pollution in ZhengZhou 2018/12/5

谢 谢！ Thank you! 2018/12/5