MCLS – Chinese Classes advanced Stream 墨尔本中国法学会 - 中文课(高级课程) Yifan Wang 王一帆 Seminar 1 第一课
课程架构 Seminar 1 -2 中国法概述 Seminar 3- 6 合同法理论 Seminar 7 实践中的合同法 Seminar 8 复习 和 Q&A
Separation of Power 三权分立? At state level: Chapter 3 The structure of the State (国家机构)– Constitution The National People’s Congress (全国人民代表大会)– is the highest organ of the state (Art 57) (最高权力机关)- Exercising legislative power of the State (Art 58) (行使立法权) The State Council (the Central Government) (国务院,中央人民政府)– is the highest organ of State administration (Art 85) The People’s Courts of the PRC (人民法院)– the judicial organs of the state (Art 123) The Central Military Comission (中央军事委员会“中央军委”) – directing the armed forceed of the state (Art 93)
中国的法院位阶 最高人民法院 (Supreme People’s Court ) – High Court of Australia 高级人民法院 (High People’s Courts) - Supreme Court of Victoria 中级人民法院 (Intermediate People’s Courts) – County Court of Victoria 基层人民法院 (Local People’s Courts) – Magistrate Court of Victoria 广东省高级人民法院 -广东省广州市中级人民法院 - 广东省广州市XXX区 人民法院
Some big bosses 中共中央总书记 (General Secretary of the Communist Party of China) 国家主席 (President of China) 中央军委主席 (Chairman of the Central Military Commission) 国务院总理 ( Premier of China) 全国人民代表大会常务委员会主席(“人大常委会主席”) (Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress) 中国最高人民法院院长(“最高院院长”)(President of the Supreme People’s Court of China)
中国的法律位阶 从高到低分别是: 宪法 (Constitution) 法律 (Laws or Acts) – Made by 全国人民代表大会,简称 “人大” (Central Parliament, the legislature ) 行政法规 (Administrative Regulations) – Made by 国务院 (State Council, the executive) 地方法规 (Local Regulations) – Made by 省级人民代表大会 (Provincial Parliaments) 地方规章 (Local Government Rules) – Made by 省级人民政府 (Provincial Governments (“executives”)) *司法解释 (judicial interpretations) – Made by 最高人民法院 (Supreme Court, not other courts)
中国法的法律分类 传统的六法全书 (“Six Codes”) 刑法 (Criminal Law) 民法 (Civil Law) 物权法 (Property Law) – Learned last semester 合同法 (Contract Law) – we will discuss this topic in this semester 公司法 (Company Law) – (*公司法并不是传统六法全书中的内容,是后来发展出来的) 行政法 (Administrative Law) 宪法 (Constitution) 刑事诉讼法 (Criminal Procedure Law) 民事诉讼法 (Civil Procedure Law)
民法 (Civil Law) 《民法总则》(General Principles of the Civil Law) 《物权法》(Property Law) 《合同法》(Contract Law) 《侵权责任法》(Torts Liabilities Law) 《婚姻法》 (Marriage Law) 《继承法》(Inheritance Law) 《公司法》(Corporation Law or Company Law) 《证券法》(Securities Law)
合同法 《合同法》 “合同法司法解释一、二、三、四” 《关于适用《中华人民共和国合同法若干问题的解释(X)》》