Chapter 18--- review part 2 第14組 吳雅蘭 鄞偈芸
Rx6 NAD+特性 Rx7 心智圖 Rx8 Rx9 Rx10 Covalent modification of Pyruvate kinase
Metabolic energy produces 4 ATP -2ATP(Consume)=2ATP(Net) 有兩個高能量的phosphate intermediates – 1,3 BPG – Phosphoenolpyruvate
6: G-3-Dehydrogenase(脫氫酶) ---將G-3-P oxidize to 1,3-BPG Energy來源 ---把aldehyde(醛基) carboxylic acid(羧基) 產生1,3 BPG and NADH
Nicotinic Acid and the Nicotinamide Coenzymes 像是vitamin B3 •是電子攜帶者(一次兩顆電子) transfer hydride anion (H:-) between substrate 有兩種類型 ---Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)雙核甘酸 ---Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+)
7: Phosphoglycerate Kinase 由high-energy phosphate合成ATP 又稱”substrate-level phosphorylation”基質層次磷酸化 *2,3-BPG
8.Phosphoglycerate mutase C-3 to C-2 有兩種型態: 動物(兔子) 2,3-BPG是cofacter 植物(小麥) 沒有cofacter ΔG˚=+4.4kJ/mol 可是在細胞中, ΔG小(=0.83kJ/mol)
9. Enolase PEP能釋放的能量>2-PG能釋放的能量 因第10步會使PEP不斷減少,故此反應可以向右進行
10.Pyruvate Kinase 會產生ATP ΔG<<0 Allosterically activated:AMP、F-1,6-BP Allosterically inhibited:ATP、acety-CoA、alanine
Covalent modification of Pyruvate kinase Glucagon (升糖素) PKC pyruvate kinase Two effects: 1. 對ATP、alanine敏感 活性↓ 2. Higher Km for PEP
習題解說 What would be the consequences of a Mg+ ion deficiency for the reactions of glycosis. 和ATP有關的都有Mg2+ , Mg2+可穩定ATP的磷酸根。故可推知若是Mg+減少,將會使得ATP的結構不穩定導致無法繼續進行。