04 形容词的用法 【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ） 一、形容词的用法 : 一、形容词的用法 : 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序. 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序.

Presentation on theme: "04 形容词的用法 【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ） 一、形容词的用法 : 一、形容词的用法 : 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序. 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序."— Presentation transcript:

1

2

3 04 形容词的用法 【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ） 一、形容词的用法 : 一、形容词的用法 : 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序. 形容词怎么使用起来老出错呀？不是放错了位置, 搞错了级别, 就是在使用多个 形容词作定语时排错了顺序. 1 、形容词顺序问题 : 作定语时排列有一定的先后顺序. 它们往往遵循以下规律 : ①（冠词或人称代词所有格） + （数词） + （观点）描绘词 + （形状）长短大小 + （年龄时代）老少新旧 + （颜色） + （材料质地 / 国籍地区 / 性质用途）. ①（冠词或人称代词所有格） + （数词） + （观点）描绘词 + （形状）长短大小 + （年龄时代）老少新旧 + （颜色） + （材料质地 / 国籍地区 / 性质用途）. A beautiful little new white wooden house. 一座美丽的新的白色木结构小房子. （冠词 a+ 观点描绘词 beautiful+ 形状大小 little+ 新旧 new+ 颜色 white+ 质地 wooden+ 被修饰 的名词 n ） ②当形容词所修饰的词为 something,anything,nothing,everything 等以 -thing 为字 尾的词语时, 形容词要后置. There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出了一些问题. There is something wrong with my bike. 我的自行车出了一些问题. （为什么 wrong 放在 something 的后面呢 ? ）

4 04 形容词的用法 【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ） 2 、形容词级别问题 : A. 表示倍数的句子用...times + 形容词比较级 +than... 的格式. Our classroom is twice larger than theirs. 我们的教室是他们的两倍. Our classroom is twice larger than theirs. 我们的教室是他们的两倍. B. 表示 “ 大三岁,”“ 高二厘米 ” 等时用 “ 表示数量词的词 + 比较级 ”. I’m three years older than you. 我比你大三岁. I’m three years older than you. 我比你大三岁. C. “ 越来越......” 用 “ 比较级 +and + 比较级 ” 来表示. The earth is getting warmer and warmer. 地球变得越来越暖和. The earth is getting warmer and warmer. 地球变得越来越暖和. D. “ 越...…, 就越......” 用 “the + 比较级...,the+ 比较级...” 来表示. The busier he is,the happier he feels. 他越忙, 越觉得高兴. The busier he is,the happier he feels. 他越忙, 越觉得高兴. E. 比较级 : 将在以后的 06 章节《形容词与副词的总结归纳》中学习. F. 最高级的用法就很简单了, 提醒你一点, 最高级要用于三者以上. 注意 : ① alone 和 lonely: （ I feel lonely, because I am alone at home. ）你独自一人在家用 “alone” 表示 “ 单独的 ” 、 “ 独自 一人的 ”, 它表示一个客观事实, 在句中只能做表语. 你在家感到寂寞, 用 “lonely”, 表示主观上感到 “ 孤独 "" 寂寞 ”, 指一种 悲伤忧郁的情绪, 可作定语和表语. ② older 和 elder: （ Jack is older than me, he is my elder brother. ） 杰克比我大要 用 “older”, 表示 “ 年纪大的, 年老的 ”, 常用做表语；他是我的长兄用 “elder”, 表示 “ 年老的, 年长的 ”, 用做定语, 只用于比较 两个人的长幼, 只能作表语.

5 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 1 ） 1. － What's this in English? － It's __ apple. A. a A. a B. an B. an C. the C. the D. 不填 D. 不填 2. I was born __ February 18, 1981. A. on A. on B. in B. in C. at C. at D. of D. of 3. There isn't __ water in the glass. A. some A. some B. lots B. lots C. many C. many D. any D. any

6 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 1 ） 4. － “ __ do you watch TV?” － “Twice a week.” A. How long A. How long B. How far B. How far C. How often C. How often D. How many D. How many 5. I have two pencils, one is long, __ is short. A. another A. another B. other B. other C. the other C. the other D. others D. others 6. They are poor, __ they are always happy. A. and A. and B. but B. but C. or C. or D. so D. so

7 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 1 ） 7. __ beautiful the flowers are! A. How A. How B. What B. What C. How a C. How a D. What a D. What a 8. － “Do you __ English?” － “Only a little.” A. tell A. tell B. speak B. speak C. say C. say D. talk D. talk 9. There are about __ students in our grade. A. two hundreds and twenty-five A. two hundreds and twenty-five B. two hundreds and twenty five B. two hundreds and twenty five C. two hundred and twenty-five C. two hundred and twenty-five D. two hundred twenty-five D. two hundred twenty-five

8 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 1 ） 10. His name is Robert Thomas Brown. The students call him __. A. Mr Robert A. Mr Robert B. Mr Thomas B. Mr Thomas C. Mr Thomas Brown C. Mr Thomas Brown D. Mr Brown D. Mr Brown 11. Your books are here, where are __ ? A. my A. my B. mine B. mine C. I C. I D. me D. me 12. She will write to me as soon as she __ in Paris. A. will arrive A. will arrive B. arrive B. arrive C. arriving C. arriving D arrives D arrives

9 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 1 ） 13. － “It's a fine day, __ ?” － “Yes, let's go out for a walk.” A. is it A. is it B. it is B. it is C. isn't it C. isn't it D. it isn't D. it isn't 14. Could you tell us __ ? A. when will the meeting start A. when will the meeting start B. when the meeting will start B. when the meeting will start C. the meeting will start when C. the meeting will start when D. then meeting when will start D. then meeting when will start 15. － “My bike is broken, can you mend it?” － “Sorry, __.” A. I can't A. I can't B. I won't B. I won't C. I can C. I can D. I don't D. I don't

10 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 2 ） 1. Tony is going camping with __ boys. A. little two other A. little two other B. two little other B. two little other C. two other little C. two other little D. little other two D. little other two 2. Which is the __ country, Japan or Australia? A. more developed A. more developed B. more developing B. more developing C. most developed C. most developed D. most developing D. most developing 3. － How was your recent visit to Qingdao? － It was great. We visited some friends, and spent the __ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny A. few last sunny B. last few sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few C. last sunny few D. few sunny last D. few sunny last

11 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 2 ） 4. The books are not __ to be published. A. enough interesting A. enough interesting B. interesting enough B. interesting enough C. so interesting C. so interesting D. too interesting D. too interesting 5.What's your __ sports? A. the most favorite A. the most favorite B. most favorite B. most favorite C. favorite C. favorite D. the favorite D. the favorite 6.There's __ with the recorder A. anything wrong A. anything wrong B. wrong anything B. wrong anything C. something wrong C. something wrong D. wrong something D. wrong something

12 04 形容词的用法 形容词用法 形容词用法（练习 2 ） 7. His sister is __ than he. A. younger five years A. younger five years B. five years younger B. five years younger C. five year younger C. five year younger D. five younger years D. five younger years 8. － We should speak English in and after class. － Yes, __, __. A. more, better A. more, better B. the more, the better B. the more, the better C. much, better C. much, better D. the often, the better D. the often, the better 9. The old man lives alone, he feels __. A. alone A. alone B. lonely B. lonely C. lone C. lone D. alonely D. alonely

13

14 05 副词的用法 【副词的用法】（讲解 2 ） 二、副词的用法 : 学完了形容词, 副词讲解起来会更容易些. 一般形容词 +ly 就变成了副词, 如形容 词 quick 加上 -ly 变成副词 quickly. 但是象 friendly,lovely 虽然以 ly 结尾, 但实则是形 容词,She is friendly to me （她对我很友好）可千万不要误认为是副词哟！ 学完了形容词, 副词讲解起来会更容易些. 一般形容词 +ly 就变成了副词, 如形容 词 quick 加上 -ly 变成副词 quickly. 但是象 friendly,lovely 虽然以 ly 结尾, 但实则是形 容词,She is friendly to me （她对我很友好）可千万不要误认为是副词哟！ 副词可修饰动词、形容词和副词, 这些用法相信大家已经掌握. 那我们挑选一下 易混、易用错的来详细讲解一下. 副词可修饰动词、形容词和副词, 这些用法相信大家已经掌握. 那我们挑选一下 易混、易用错的来详细讲解一下. ① already 和 yet: ① already 和 yet: Where is Tom? He hasn't come yet. But Jack is already here. 这句话中又是 already, 又有 yet, 是怎么回事吗？原来 already 和 yet 意思虽然相同, 但用法有 点小区别. 表示事情早已发生或提前发生用 already, 一般放于句中, 用于肯定句和疑问句. 含有 already 的肯定句, 变为否定句时, 要将 already 变为 yet, 且放在句尾. yet 表示预料要发生的事未发生, 位于句尾, 一般用于否定句和疑问句中

15 05 副词的用法 【副词的用法】（讲解 2 ） ② hard 和 hardly: ② hard 和 hardly: hard,hardly 两者虽然只有 -ly 之差, 意义却大不相同. A ） hard 表示 “ 辛苦, 使劲, 努力 ”; B ）而 hardly 为否定副词, 表示 “ 几乎不 ”. 如 : He works very hard. 他学习非常努力. The box is so heavy that he could hardly carry it. 这箱子是那么沉, 他几乎搬不动. ③ ago 和 before: A ） ago 不能单独使用, 应与 three days （ months, weeks ）等连用, 而且和动词的过去时连用. 如 :I met my teacher an hour ago. B ） before 之前有 “ 一段时间 ” 时, 指 “ 距这段时间以前 ”, 和过去完成时连用 ; 如果 before 单独使用, 是泛指 “ 以前 ”, 常常和完成时连用. 如 : He said he had finished the work two days before. 他说他两天前已完成了工作. I have seen the film before. 我以前没看过这部电影. ④ farther 和 further: far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离 ; 在美语中,farther 表示距离,further 表 示进一步. 如 : far 有两种比较级,farther,further. 在英语中两者都可指距离 ; 在美语中,farther 表示距离,further 表 示进一步. 如 : He runs farther than she does. 他比她跑得远. I have nothing further to say. 我没什么要说的了.

16 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 1 ） 1. The teacher was very angry and decided to send __ school, so he wasn't a student any longer. A. away him from A. away him from B. him away from the B. him away from the C. away him out of C. away him out of D. him away from D. him away from 2. __, he didn't fail in the English exam. A. Luck A. Luck B. Lucky B. Lucky C. Luckily C. Luckily D. Luckly D. Luckly 3. － Are you feeling __ ? － Yes,I'm fine now. A. any well A. any well B. any better B. any better C. quite good C. quite good D. quite better D. quite better

17 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 1 ） 4. The more we looked at the picture, __. A. the less we liked it A. the less we liked it B. we like it less B. we like it less C. better we like it C. better we like it D. it looked better D. it looked better 5. After the new machine was introduced,the factory produced __ shoes in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many A. as twice many B. as many twice B. as many twice C. twice as many C. twice as many D. twice many as D. twice many as 6. Our English needs to be __ improved. A. farther A. farther B. farthest B. farthest C. further C. further D. far D. far

18 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 1 ） 7. What a pity! Lucy ran __ more slowly than Lily. A. a few A. a few B. much B. much C. a little C. a little D. little D. little 8. He is running __ now. A. more slowly and more slowly A. more slowly and more slowly B. slowlier and slowlier B. slowlier and slowlier C. more and more slowly C. more and more slowly D. slowly and slowly D. slowly and slowly 9. Last night my father went back __ later than before. A. quite A. quite B. very B. very C. even C. even D. much more D. much more

19 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 2 ） 1. The answer is nice and soft. Shall I __ the shopkeeper if I can try it on? A. ask A. ask B. answer B. answer C. speak C. speak D. tell D. tell 2. Tickets, please. May I __ your ticket please, madam? A. show A. show B. watch B. watch C. find C. find D. see D. see 3. It's not good to __ when you are waiting for a bus. A. stand in line A. stand in line B. get on well B. get on well C. jump the queue C. jump the queue D. wait for your turn D. wait for your turn

20 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 2 ） 4. It's hard to count the monkeys, they're running and jumping __. A. at times A. at times B. all the time B. all the time C. more or less C. more or less D. right away D. right away 5. I'm sorry, we've __ the shoes in your size. A. paid for A. paid for B. put on B. put on C. sold out C. sold out D. put away D. put away 6. Weihua's pen was __, so she needed a new one. A. broken A. broken B. long B. long C. cheap C. cheap D. here D. here

21 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 2 ） 7. You can often buy things from their shop __ home. A. of the way A. of the way B. by the way B. by the way C. another way of C. another way of D. on your way D. on your way 8. The teacher in the school library is very __. You must return your library book on time! A. kind A. kind B. lonely B. lonely C. strict C. strict D. polite D. polite 9. Thanks to man-make satellite, the world itself is becoming a much smaller __. A. space A. space B. place B. place C. room C. room D. universe D. universe

22 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 2 ） 10. I like the sweater, but it __ too much. A. uses A. uses B. takes B. takes C. costs C. costs D. spends D. spends 11. Father Christmas lands on top of __ house and climbs down the chimney into the fire-place. A. each A. each B. all B. all C. either C. either D. both D. both 12. The ice is very thin. It's __ dangerous __ walk on it. A. so, that A. so, that B. as, as B. as, as C. from, to C. from, to D. too, to D. too, to

23 05 副词的用法 副词用法 副词用法（练习 2 ） 13. One day his mother was ill. She __ a doctor. A. sent for A. sent for B. sent away B. sent away C. sent up C. sent up D. fell behind D. fell behind 14. He __ the radio and listened to the music. A. opened A. opened B. turned on B. turned on C. turned off C. turned off D. closed D. closed 15. The doctor __ Mrs Brown very carefully and then said: “There's nothing much wrong with you.” A. watched A. watched B. operated B. operated C. looked over C. looked over D. looked after D. looked after

24

25 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 三、形容词、副词的 12 点总结归纳 : 1 、形容词及其用法综述 : 形容词修饰名词, 说明事物或人的性质或特征. 通常可将形容词分成性质形容词和 叙述形容词两类, 其位置不一定都放在名词前面. 1 ）直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词, 它有级的变化, 可以用程度副词修 饰, 在句中可作定语、表语和补语. 例如 : hot 热的. 2 ）叙述形容词只能作表语, 所以又称为表语形容词. 这类形容词没有级的变化, 也不能用程 度副词修饰. 大多数以 a 开头的形容词都属于这一类. 例如 :afraid 害怕的. （错） He is an ill man. （对） The man is ill. （错） She is an afraid girl. （对） The girl is afraid. 这类词还有 :well, unwell, ill, faint, afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake 等. 这类词还有 :well, unwell, ill, faint, afraid, alike, alive, alone, asleep, awake 等. 3 ）形容词作定语修饰名词时, 要放在名词的前边. 但是如果形容词修饰以 -thing 为字尾的 词语时, 要放在这些词之后, 例如 :something nice. 在【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ）中讲过.

26 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 2 、以 -ly 结尾的形容词 : 1 ）大部分形容词加 -ly 可构成副词. 但是 friendly, deadly, lovely, lonely, likely, lively, ugly, brotherly 仍为形容词. 改错 : （错） She sang lovely. （对） Her singing was lovely. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. （错） He spoke to me very friendly. （对） He spoke to me in a very friendly way. 2 ）有些以 -ly 结尾既为形容词, 也为副词.daily,weekly,monthly,yearly,early. The Times is a daily paper. The Times is a daily paper. The Times is published daily. The Times is published daily. 3 、用形容词表示类别和整体 : 1 ）某些形容词加上定冠词可以泛指一类人, 与谓语动词的复数连接. 如 :the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the blind, the hungry, 如 :the dead, the living, the rich, the poor, the blind, the hungry, The poor are losing hope. The poor are losing hope. 2 ）有关国家和民族的形容词加上定冠词指这个民族的整体, 与动词的复数连用. 如 :the British, the English, the French, the Chinese. The English have wonderful sense of humor. The English have wonderful sense of humor.

27 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 4 、形容词的排列 : 当两个以上形容词修饰一个名词, 形容词该如何排列 ? 为什么不能说 a black new pen, 而是 说成 a new black pen? 这里面有无规则可循 ? 我们在【形容词的用法】（讲解 1 ）中讲过. 如果你记住 opshacom 这个为帮助记忆而杜撰的词, 就能掌握英语中形容词排列的顺序 : op 代表 opinion, 指表示人们观点的形容词, 如 beautiful, horrible, lovely, nice 等 ; sh 代表 shape, 指表示形状的形容词, 如 long, short, round, narrow 等 ; a 代表 age, 指表示年龄、时代的形容词, 如 old, new, young 等 ; c 代表 colour, 指表示颜色的形容词, 如 red, black, orange 等 ; o 代表 origin, 指表示国籍、地区的形容词, 如 British, Canadian, German 等 ; m 代表 material, 指表示材料的形容词, 如 plastic, metal, aluminium 等. 当然, 实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况. 英语中这六类形容词连用时 就按上述先后顺序排列. 如 :a nice long new black British plastic pen. 当然, 实际语言使用中不可能出现这么多形容词连用的情况. 英语中这六类形容词连用时 就按上述先后顺序排列. 如 :a nice long new black British plastic pen. 限定词 + 数量词（序数词在前, 基数词在后） + 性状词 + 形体词（大小 / 长短 / 高 低） :those+three+beautiful+large+square 新旧 + 颜色 + 国籍 + 材料 + 名词 :old + brown + wood + table

28 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 典型例题 : 1 ） Tony is going camping with __ boys. A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two A. little two other B. two little other C. two other little D. little other two 答案 :C. 由 “ 限定词 - 数词 - 描绘词 - （大小, 长短, 形状, 新旧, 颜色） - 性质 - 名词 ” 的公式可知数 词, 描绘词, 性质依次顺序, 只有 C 符合答案. 答案 :C. 由 “ 限定词 - 数词 - 描绘词 - （大小, 长短, 形状, 新旧, 颜色） - 性质 - 名词 ” 的公式可知数 词, 描绘词, 性质依次顺序, 只有 C 符合答案. 2 ） One day they crossed the __ bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone old 答案 A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词, 他们的排列顺序是 : 年龄, 形状, 大小 + 颜色 + 来源 + 质地 + 用途 + 国家 + 名词. 答案 A. 几个形容词修饰一个名词, 他们的排列顺序是 : 年龄, 形状, 大小 + 颜色 + 来源 + 质地 + 用途 + 国家 + 名词. 3 ） - How was your recent visit to Qingdao?- It was great. We visited some friends,and spent the __ days at the seaside. A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last A. few last sunny B. last few sunny C. last sunny few D. few sunny last 答案 :B. 本题考查多个形容词的排序问题. 一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名 词 ; 如果几个形容词的重要性差不多, 音节少的形容词在前, 音节多的方在后, 在不能确定时, 可参照排序表. 答案 :B. 本题考查多个形容词的排序问题. 一般与被修饰形容词关系密切的形容词靠近名 词 ; 如果几个形容词的重要性差不多, 音节少的形容词在前, 音节多的方在后, 在不能确定时, 可参照排序表.

29 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 5 、副词及其基本用法综述 : 副词主要用来修饰动词, 形容词, 副词或其他结构. 1 ）副词的位置 : ①在动词之前 ; ②在 be 动词、助动词之后 ; ③多个助动词时, 副词一般放在第一个助动词后. 注意 : A ）大多数方式副词位于句尾, 但宾语过长, 副词可以提前, 以使句子平衡. We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us. B ）方式副词 well, badly 糟、坏,hard 等只放在句尾. B ）方式副词 well, badly 糟、坏,hard 等只放在句尾. He speaks English well. He speaks English well. 2 ）副词的排列顺序 : ①时间、地点副词, 小单位的在前, 大单位在后. ②方式副词, 短的在前, 长的在后, 并用 and 或 but 等连词连接. Please write slowly and carefully. ③多个不同副词排列 : 程度 + 地点 + 方式 + 时间副词. 注意 : A ）副词 very 可以修饰形容词, 但不能修饰动词. （错） I very like English. （对） I like English very much. （错） I very like English. （对） I like English very much. B ） enough 要放在形容词的后面, 形容词 enough 放在名词前后都可. B ） enough 要放在形容词的后面, 形容词 enough 放在名词前后都可. I don't know him well enough. I don't know him well enough. There is enough food for everyone to eat.=There is food enough for everyone to eat. There is enough food for everyone to eat.=There is food enough for everyone to eat. 这儿有每个人足够吃的食物. 这儿有每个人足够吃的食物.

30 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 6 、兼有两种形式的副词 : 1 ） close 与 closely close 意思是 “ 近 ”; closely 意思是 “ 仔细地 ”: He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. close 意思是 “ 近 ”; closely 意思是 “ 仔细地 ”: He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely. 2 ） late 与 lately late 意思是 “ 晚 ”; lately 意思是 “ 最近 ”: You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? late 意思是 “ 晚 ”; lately 意思是 “ 最近 ”: You have come too late. What have you been doing lately? 3 ） deep 与 deeply deep 意思是 “ 深 ”, 表示空间深度 ;deeply 时常表示感情上的深度,“ 深深地 ”: deep 意思是 “ 深 ”, 表示空间深度 ;deeply 时常表示感情上的深度,“ 深深地 ”: He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even father was deeply moved by the film. 4 ） high 与 highly high 表示空间高度 ;highly 表示程度, 相当于 much: high 表示空间高度 ;highly 表示程度, 相当于 much: The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. 5 ） wide 与 widely wide 表示空间宽度 ;widely 意思是 “ 广泛地 ”,“ 在许多地方 ”: wide 表示空间宽度 ;widely 意思是 “ 广泛地 ”,“ 在许多地方 ”: He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. 6 ） free 与 freely free 的意思是 “ 免费 ’;freely 的意思是 “ 无限制地 ”: free 的意思是 “ 免费 ’;freely 的意思是 “ 无限制地 ”: You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like. You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely; say what you like.

31 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 7 、形容词与副词的比较级 : 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化, 即原级、比较级和最高 级用来表示事物的等级差别. 原级即形容词的原形, 比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变 化两种. 大多数形容词（性质形容词）和副词有比较级和最高级的变化, 即原级、比较级和最高 级用来表示事物的等级差别. 原级即形容词的原形, 比较级和最高级有规则变化和不规则变 化两种. 1 ）规则变化 : 单音节词和少数双音节词, 加词尾 -er,-est 来构成比较级和最高级. 其构成法 : 单音节词和少数双音节词, 加词尾 -er,-est 来构成比较级和最高级. 其构成法 : ①一般单音节词未尾加 -er,-est; ②以不发音的 e 结尾的单音词和少数以 -le 结尾的双音节词只加 -r,-st; ③以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词, 双写结尾的辅音字母, 再加 -er,-est; ④ “ 以辅音字母 +y” 结尾的双音节词, 改 y 为 i, 再加 er,-est; ⑤少数以 -er,-ow 结尾的双音节词 clever （聪明的）未尾加 -er,-est; ⑥其他双音节词和多音节词, 在前面加 more, most 来构成比较级和最高级. 2 ） 不规则变化 : good （好的） -better-best bad （坏的） -worse-worst good （好的） -better-best bad （坏的） -worse-worst much/many （多的） -more-most little （少的） -less-least much/many （多的） -more-most little （少的） -less-least old （老的） -older/elder-oldest/eldest far （远的） -farther/further-farthest/furthest old （老的） -older/elder-oldest/eldest far （远的） -farther/further-farthest/furthest

32 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 8 、 as+ 形容词或副词原级 +as: 1 ）在否定句或疑问句中可用 so…as. He cannot run so/as fast as you. He cannot run so/as fast as you. 2 ）当 as…as 中间有名词时采用以下格式. as+ 形容词 +a+ 单数名词 as+ 形容词 +a+ 单数名词 as+many/much+ 名词 as+many/much+ 名词 This is as good an example as the other is. This is as good an example as the other is. I can carry as much paper as you can.. I can carry as much paper as you can.. 3 ）用表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时, 放在 as 的前面. This room is twice as big as that one. This room is twice as big as that one. Your room is the same size as mine. Your room is the same size as mine. 4 ）倍数 +as+adj+as = 倍数 +the+n+of This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times as long as that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. This bridge is three times the length of that one. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice as large as mine. Your room is twice the size of mine. Your room is twice the size of mine.

33 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 9 、比较级形容词或副词 +than: You are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. You are taller than I. They lights in your room are as bright as those in mine. 1 ）要避免重复使用比较级. （错） He is more cleverer than his brother. （对） He is more clever than his brother. （对） He is clever than his brother. 2 ）要避免将主语含在比较对象中. （错） China is larger that any country in Asia. （对） China is larger than any other countries in Asia. 3 ）要注意对应句型, 遵循前后一致的原则. The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. It is easier to make a plan than to carry it out. 4 ）要注意冠词的使用, 后有名词的时候, 前面才有可能有名词. 比较 : Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is large, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? She is taller than her two sisters. She is taller than her two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters. She is the taller of the two sisters.

34 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 10 、可修饰比较级的词 : 1 ） a bit, a little, rather, much, far, by far, many, a lot, lots, a great deal, any, still, even 等. 2 ）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语. 3 ）以上词（除 by far ）外, 必须置于比较级形容词或副词的前面. 典型例题 : 1 ） - Are you feeling __ ? - Yes, I'm fine now. A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better A. any well B. any better C. quite good D. quite better 答案 :B. any 可修饰比较级,quite 修饰原级,well 的比较级为 better. 答案 :B. any 可修饰比较级,quite 修饰原级,well 的比较级为 better. 2 ） The experiment was __ easier than we had expected. A. more B. much more C. much D. more much A. more B. much more C. much D. more much 答案 :C. much 可修饰比较级, 因此 B,C 都说得通, 但 easier 本身已是比较级, 不需 more, 因此 C 为正确答案. 答案 :C. much 可修饰比较级, 因此 B,C 都说得通, 但 easier 本身已是比较级, 不需 more, 因此 C 为正确答案. 3 ） If there were no examinations, we should have __ at school. A. the happiest time B. a more happier time A. the happiest time B. a more happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time C. much happiest time D. a much happier time 答案 :D. 答案 :D.

35 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 11 、 many, old 和 far: 1 ）如果后接名词时. much more + 不可数名词 ; much more + 不可数名词 ; many more + 可数名词复数. many more + 可数名词复数. 2 ） old 有两种比较级和最高级形式. older/oldest 和 elder/eldest. elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系. older/oldest 和 elder/eldest. elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的长幼关系. My elder brother is an engineer. My elder brother is an engineer. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. Mary is the eldest of the three sisters. 3 ） far 有两种比较级 :farther, further. 在英语中两者都可指距离. 在美语中 father 表示距离,further 表示进一步. 在美语中 father 表示距离,further 表示进一步. I have nothing further to say. I have nothing further to say.

36 06 形容词和副词的总结归纳 【形容词和副词的总结归纳】（讲解 3 ） 12 、与 more 有关的词组 : 1 ） the more…the more… 越 … 就越 …; The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make. The harder you work, the greater progress you'll make. 2 ） more B than A=less A than B 与其说 A 不如说 B; He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work. He is more lazy than slow at his work.= He is less slow than lazy at his work. 3 ） no more…than… 与 … 一样 …, 不比 … 多 ;no less…than… 与 … 一样 …; The officials could see no more than the Emperor. The officials could see no more than the Emperor. He is no less diligent than you. He is no less diligent than you. 4 ） more than 不只是, 非常. She is more than kind to us all. She is more than kind to us all. 典型例题 : 1 ） The weather in China is different from __. A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America A. in America B. one in America C. America D. that in America 答案 :D. 本题意为 “ 中国的天气比美国热 ” 比较的是天气而不是国家,C 不能 ? 没有名词, 后句成分不全, 排除.B 和 D 中,B 中的 one 常用来代替可数名词, 而 that 可车以代替不可数或抽象名词, 所以选 D. 答案 :D. 本题意为 “ 中国的天气比美国热 ” 比较的是天气而不是国家,C 不能 ? 没有名词, 后句成分不全, 排除.B 和 D 中,B 中的 one 常用来代替可数名词, 而 that 可车以代替不可数或抽象名词, 所以选 D. 2 ） After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced __ tractors in 1988 as the year before. A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as A. as twice many B. as many twice C. twice as many D. twice many as 答案 C. 此句意为 “ 这个厂 1988 能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍 ” 表示倍数用 “ 倍数 +as+ 形容词原形 +as+ 比较对象 ” 的句 型. 所以此句答案为 C. 如 : This ruler is three times as long as that one. 答案 C. 此句意为 “ 这个厂 1988 能生产的拖拉机是往年的两倍 ” 表示倍数用 “ 倍数 +as+ 形容词原形 +as+ 比较对象 ” 的句 型. 所以此句答案为 C. 如 : This ruler is three times as long as that one.

37