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Chapter 7 Ocean Marine Insurance 海运保险

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Presentation on theme: "Chapter 7 Ocean Marine Insurance 海运保险"— Presentation transcript:

1 Chapter 7 Ocean Marine Insurance 海运保险

2 For Preparation I. Time arrangement: totally 6 hours are to be allocated to study the chapter. II. Category of the chapter: theoretical and practical nature III. Learning objects and requirements IV. Organization, design and process of presentation V. Key and difficult points VI. Presentation organization and design As shown at the above Point IV Extra job: Require students search on Internet to find out all the samples of ocean insurance in international trade. VII. Comments on students’ job. VIII. Final summary of the chapter (hold): to be done finally.

3 III. Learning objects and requirements
· to understand the expressions of marine insurance in international trade · to learn some basic knowledge of marine insurance in international trade · require students to remember all the terms and expressions · require students to speak out and interpret these expressions · require students to try to find some cases of marine insurance in international trade

4 IV. Organization, design and process of presentation
1. General introduction of text by teacher. Before the process, the teacher asks students if they have any difficult during the preview. 2. Divide students into 6 teams and ask them to interpret the whole text team by team rather than the teacher 3. The way of practice and presentation 4. Contents of Chapter 7

5 3. The way of practice and presentation
1) The class is divided into 6 teams with each team about 12 members. Each team is in charge of one passage for the understanding and interpretation. 2) In each team, one student should explain the text and the other one should interpret. Each team and each member should practice one by one. 3) The teacher should explain the key points again and correct the misunderstanding of each team.

6 4. Contents of Chapter 7 (1) Need for insurance
(2) Coverage of ocean insurance (3) Fundamental principles of cargo insurance (4) Main categories of general cargo insurance (5) Choice of the right coverage (6) Institute of London underwriters and institute transit clause伦敦保险协会海运货物保险条款 (7) Major types of policy (8) Endorsement of the insurance policy (9) Premium (10) Cargo insurance claims

7 (2) Coverage of ocean insurance
1) Risks 2) Losses 3) Expenses

8 (3) Fundamental principles of cargo insurance
1) Insurable interest 2) Utmost good faith 3) Indemnity 4) Proximate cause and principle of subrogation

9 (4) Main categories of general cargo insurance
1) Free from particular average of China (FPA—平安险,单独海损险不保): particular average; general average 2) With average/with particular average (WA/WPA—水渍险,单独海损险可保) 3) All risks (AR) of CIC (一切险) 4) Special additional coverage 5) Exclusion of insurance policy

10 5) Exclusion of insurance policy
中国人民保险公司根据我国保险业务的实际需要并参照国际保险市场的习惯做法,分别制订了各种不同运输方式的货物运输保险条款以及适用于不同运输方式的各种附加险条款,总称“中国保险条款”(China Insurance Clauses,简称CIC)。我国的货物运输险别,按照能否单独投保,可分为基本险和附加险两类。基本险是可以单独投保的险别,附加险是指不能单独投保的险别。 一、 基本险 按照中国人民保险公司1981年1月1日修订的《海洋运输货物保险条款》规定,海洋运输保险的基本险别分为平安险、水渍险和一切险三种。其中,保险公司的承保范围平安险最小,水渍险居中,一切险最大。 (一) 平安险 平安险(Free from particular average .FPA)是指单独海损不负责赔偿。保险公司对平安险的承保责任范围是: 1、 被保险货物。在运输途中由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水等自然灾害造成的整批货物的实际全损和推定全损。被保险货物用驳船运往或运离海轮的,每一驳船所装的货物可视作一个整批。 2、 由于运输工具遭受搁浅、触礁、沉没、爆炸等意外事故造成货物的全部或部分损失。 3、 由于运输工具遭受搁浅、触礁、沉没、爆炸等意外事故的情况下,货物在此前后在海上遭受恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水等自然灾害造成的货物的部分损失。 4、 在装卸或转船时由于一件或数件货物落海造成的全部损或部分损失。 5、 被保险人在遭受承保责任内危险的货物采取抢救、防止或减少货损的措施而支付的合理费用,但以不超过该批被救货物的保险金额为限 6、 运输工具遭受海难后,在避难港由于卸货所引起的损失以及在中途港、避难港由于卸货、存仓和运送货物所产生的特殊费用。 7、 共同海损的牺牲、分摊和救助费用。 8、 运输契约订有“船舶互撞责任”条款,根据该条款的规定应由货方偿还船方的损失 (二) 水渍险 水渍险(With particular average WPA 或WA)是指保险公司的承保责任范围除平安险的各项责任外,还负责被保险货物在运输途中由于恶劣气候、雷电、海啸、地震、洪水等自然灾害造成的货物的部分损失。 (三) 一切险 一切险(All Risk)是指保险仙司对一切险的承保责任范围除水渍险的各项责任外,还负责被保险货物在运输途中由于一般外来风险所致的全部或部分损失。

11 二、 附加险 《保险条款》中附加险有一般附加险和特殊附加险,一般附加险承保一般外来原因造成的损失,而特殊附加险则承保由于特殊外来原因所造成的损失。附加险只能在投保某一种险的基础上才可加保,但因一切险的责任范围已包括了一般附加险,故如投保人在投保时选择了一切险,则无需再加保一般附加险。 (一) 一般附加险 一般附加险有偷窃、提货不着险(简称TPND)、淡水雨淋险、短量险、混杂、沾污险、渗漏险、碰损、破碎险、串味险、受潮、受热险、钩损险、包装破裂险、锈损险等11种。 (二) 特殊附加险 特殊附加险有战争险、罢工险、舱面险、进口关税险、拒收险、黄曲霉素险、交货不到险货物出口香港(包括九龙)或澳门存仓火险责任扩展条款(简称FREC)等到八种。战争险保险公司承保的是由于战争或类似战争的行为所直接导致货物的损失,其保险责任起讫以水上危险为限。已投保了战争险后另加保罢工险,保险公司不另收保险费。 三、 保险期限、除外责任 中国人民保险公司的《海洋运输货物保险条款》规定的承保责任起讫或称保险期限,采用国际保险业务中惯用的“仓至仓条款”(即Warehouse to Warehouse Clause,简称W/W Clause)。“仓至仓条款”是指保险责任自被保险货物运离保险单所载明的起运地仓库或储存处所开始,包括正常运输中的海上、陆上、内河和驳船运输在内,直至该项货物运抵保险单所载明的目的地收货人的最后仓库或储存处所被保险人用做分配、分派或非正常运输的其他储存处所为止。当货物从目的港卸离海轮时起算满60天,不论被保险货物有没有进入收货人仓库,保险责任均告终止。如上述保险期限内被保险货物需转运到非保险单所载明的目的地时,则保险责任于该保险货物开始转运时终止。 《保险条款》规定对于三种基本险保险公司所具有的除外责任是:被保险人的故意行为或过失所造成的损失;由于发货人的责任所引起的损失;在保险责任开始之前,被保险货物已存在的品质不良或数量短差所造成的损失;被保险货物的自然耗损、本质缺陷、特性以及市价下跌,运输延迟所引起的损失或费用支出;属于海洋运输货物战争险和罢工险条款所规定的责任范围和除外责任。

12 伦敦保险协会海运货物保险条款 伦敦保险协会海运货物保险条款的英文简称为ICC,该条款有六种保险险别:(ICC(A)、ICC(B)、ICC(C)、战争险、罢工险和恶意损害险,其中除恶意损害险不能单独投保外,其余五种险别都可以单独投保。保险公司的承保范围:ICC(A)相当于我国海运货物保险的一切险、ICC(B)相当于我国海运货物保险的水渍险、ICC(C)相当于我国海运货物保险的平安险。以上三种险别,保险公司的承保责任起讫适用于“仓至仓条款”。我保险公司可根据客户的要求,酌情按ICC条款的有关规定承保。

13 (7) Major types of policy
1) Time policy 2) Voyage policy 3) Mixed policy 4) Floating policy 5) Open policy

14 保险单据是保险公司在接受投保后签发的承保凭证,是保险公司与被保险人之间定保险合同,在被保险货物遭受到保险合同责任范围内的损失时,它是被保险人索赔和保险公司理赔的主要依据。 (见下例)

15 例 1: PICC中国人民保险公司上海分公司 The People's Insurance Company of China, Shanghai Branch
货物运输保险单 CARGO TRANSPORTATION INSURANCE POLICY 发票号(INVOICE NO.)                                                    保单号次 合同号(CONTRACT NO.)                                                  POLICY NO 信用证号(L/C NO.) 被保险人: Insured:                                                                                                            中国人民保险公司(以下简称本公司)根据被保险人的要求,由被保险人向本公司缴付约定的保险费,按照本保险单承保险别和背面所列条款与下列条款承保下述货物运输保险,特立本保险单。 THIS POLICY OF INSURANCE WITNESSES THAT THE PEOPLE'S INSURANCE COMPANY OF CHINA (HEREINAFTER CALLED “THE COMPANY”) AT THE REQUEST OF INSURED AND IN CONSIDERATION OF THE AGREED PREMIUM PAID TO THE COMPANY BY THE INSURED UNDERTAKES TO INSURE THE UNDER MENTIONED GOODS IN TRANSPORTATION SUBJECT TO THE CONDITIONS OF THIS POLICY AS PER THE CLAUSES PRINTED OVERLEAF AND OTHER SPECIAL CLAUSES ATTACHED HEREON

16 标记MARKS & NOS. 数量及包装   QUANTITY 保险货物项目    DESCRIPTION OF GOODS 保险金额          AMOUNT INSURED

17 总保险金额 TOTAL AMOUNT INSURED:                                                                                        保费                              启运日期:                              装载运输工具: PREMIUM              DATE OF COMMENCEMENT                   PER CONVEYANCE:                    自                                  经                                      至 FROM                     VIA                                      TO                            承保险别: CONDITIONS: 所保货物,如发生保险单项下可能引起索赔的损失或损坏,应立即通知本公司下述代理人查勘。如有索赔应向本公司提交保险单正本(共2份正本)及有关文件。如一份正本已用于索赔,其余正本自动失效。 IN THE EVENT OF LOSS DAMAGE WHICH MAY RESULT IN A CLAIM UNDER THIS POLICY, IMMEDIATE NOTICE MUST BE GIVEN TO THE COMPANY AGENT AS MENTIONED HEREUNDER CLAIMS IF ANY, ONE OF THE ORIGINAL POLICY WHICH HAS BEEN ISSUED IN 2 ORIGINAL TOGETHER WITH RELEVANT DOCUMENTS SHALL BE SURRENDERED TO THE COMPANY IF THE ORIGINAL POLICY HAS BEEN ACCOMPLISHED, THE OTHERS TO BE VOID    赔款偿付地点 CLAIM PAYABLE AT                                                      中国人民保险公司天津市分公司 出单日期                                                               The People's Insurance Company of China ISSUING DATE                                                               Tianjin Branch

18 例2

19 (8) Endorsement of the insurance policy
在CIF或CIP合同中,保险单据是卖方提供的主要单据之一,它可以通过背书行为转让。在国际贸易中,最常采用的保险单据是保险单(又称大保单)和保险凭证(有称小保单),两种保单具有同等的法律效力。在保单出单以后,如需要补充或变更,保险公司可应投保人的请求修改保险内容,该修改凭证称为“批单”。保险批单一经批改,保险公司就要按批改后的内容负责。

20 (9) Premium (保险金额及保险费 ) 保险金额是指当保险标的发生承保范围内的损失时保险人应承受的最高赔偿金。一般按CIF 和CIP的总值家10%的保险加成率。 保险加成率是作为买房的经营管理费用和预期利润加保。如果合同或信用证没有规定,按惯例,卖方加10%的保险加成率投保。保险费是被保险人应缴纳的费用。 保险金额=CIF价值X(1+加减率) 保险费=保险金额X保险费率

21 (10) Cargo insurance claims
1) Procedures 2) Documents required

22 V. Key and difficult points
1. Special terms concerning ocean insurance both in Chinese and English. 2. The basic knowledge and practice of ocean insurance in international trade. Solutions: detailed explanation of each language point. Ask students to collect cases concerning the business of the chapter. Require students search on Internet to find out all the samples of ocean insurance in international trade.


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