冠词 英语培训班.

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1 冠词 英语培训班

2 高考命题趋势 冠词是高考考查的重要语法之一。考查的形式以单项选择为主，但在短文改错中也经常出现。冠词的用法比较零散，只有平时注意积累，归纳，总结，注意冠词特殊用法, 才能较好地掌握它。

3 不定冠词“a”和“an” 的用法 eg.1 A horse is an useful animal.
1、泛指一类人和物。相当于any. eg.1 A horse is an useful animal. 2 A steel worker makes steel. 2、表示 one , a certain 或 every eg. I have a mouth ,a nose and two ears. A boy is waiting for you. There are seven days a week. 3、用在序数词前，“又一，再一”；a most = a very. eg. Although he had failed four times, he was determined to try a fifth time. This is a most instructive film. 4、用在many, half , such 等词后. eg. Many a boy is swimming. The village is half an hour’s walk from here. 不定冠词“a”和“an” 的用法

4 5、用在 so (as/too/how etc.) +形容词之后
eg.1 How interesting a film it is! = How interesting the film is! 2 He is not so /as good a driver as you. 6、用 a/an + 抽象名词，表示“一件… 的事”; “一个….的人”(success, failure, help, pleasure, joy, honour…) eg.1 He is a success. 2 The plan is failure. 7 、用 a/an + 物质名词，表示“ 一… ” eg. a coffee; a tea; a brandy; an ice cream 8 、用a/an表示部分不可数名词，表示“一点”，“一 些”等。 a smile一丝微笑 a rain一场雨 make a noise 制造一点噪音

5 9 、与专有名词连用，“一个。。。式的人”；“。。。的作品”。
eg: a Lei Feng of our class; play a Liszt 10 、固定搭配 get in a word, have a good time, have a swim

6 定冠词的用法 1、用在单数名词前，表示类指（一类人或一类物）。 Eg. The horse is a useful animal.
2、表示特指的或上文已提到的人或物。 Eg. 1 How did you like the report? 2 I borrowed a book yesterday. The book is very interesting 3、表示世界上独一无二的东西。 Eg. The sun is the centre of the word.

7 4、表示江河海 ，山川群岛，海峡海湾，报刊杂志或由几个普通名词构成的专有名词表示国家，党派的名称时，通常用the.
eg. the Dead Sea ；the people’s Republic of China ；the New York Times 5 、定冠词+姓氏复数，表示夫妇俩或一家人。 eg. the Smiths the Turners 6、演奏的乐器名称前加定冠词. eg. Play the piano play the flute

8 7、用在方位名词前或某些表示时间的词组或惯用语中.
eg. On the left (right) in the west in the end in the morning 8、某些形容词前加 the 表示一类人或物，指人时谓语动词用复数。 eg.1 The rich become richer, the poor poorer. 2 The beautiful is always loved. 3 The Chinese are working hard.

9 9、用在序数词前，形容词的最高级前及表示两者之间的比较中.
Eg.1 the longest river ； the third lesson 2 He is the taller of the two. 10、表示几十年代的数字之前。 Eg. In the 1870s （而表示 “在某人四十多岁” 时翻译成in his forties ) 11、表示发明物的名词前. Eg. Alexander Graham Bell invented the phone in 1876.

10 不用冠词的情况 1.泛指的抽象名词、物质名词、专有名词，复数名词，人名、地名等前，一般不用冠词。如：
Eg.1 What they need is water. 2 Failure is the mother of success. 3 Susan and Jane are twins. 3 China , Tom, Shangdong Province. 2.球类、棋类运动前都不加冠词。如： Eg. play chess(下象棋) play football（踢足球） 3．名词前有物主代词，指示代词，不定代词,名词所有格及kind of, sort of, type of, piece of 等限制时不加冠词。如： eg. This is my book.

11 4.三餐前不加冠词，但有形容词修饰时加a 表示一顿。
eg.1 What do you usually have for lunch? 2 We had a really good dinner. 5.四季前一般不加the。但特指必须加the。 eg. 1 It was very cold in the winter of 1985. 2 Summer comes after spring and before autumn.

12 6.表示独一无二头衔或职位的名词在句中做宾补，表语
以及同位语时，大都用零冠词。 eg. He was made monitor only yesterday. 7.当bike，car，taxi，bus，train，foot，ship等与介词by连用，表示一种交通手段时，不用the。 eg. Did you come back by plane or by train? 还有by water，by land，by sea，by air，on foot， On horse back 以及 by telephone， by telegraph但take a bus， on the bike， in a boat等需加冠词。 8．表示语言的名词前一般不用冠词。如： eg. Chinese，English, French, 但用language时需加the 如: the Chinese language

13 9、在含有day的节日、假日前，不用冠词Children’s Day ,但在含有festival的节日前，需加冠词the Spring Festival; the Mid –autumn Festival. 10. turn 作“变成，成为”，后边的名词不带冠词。 turn engineer = become an engineer. 11. 用于家庭成员或nurse, cook, teacher 等具有our nurse ( cook, teacher) 等意义时： Teacher was very pleased with our work. Mother was being made up looking like the ideal, middle-aged housewife.

14 12.在某些词组中，用不用冠词，所表示的含义不同。如
go to school (上学) go to the school(到学校去) in hospital (住院) in the hospital (在医院里面) in front of (在…前面) in the front of (在…前部) of age 成年 of an age 同龄 die of cold 冻死 die of a cold 感冒而死 at table 用餐 at a table 在桌子旁 in word 口头上 in a word 总而言之 at sea 茫然不知所措 at the sea 在海上 In charge of 负责。。。 In the charge of 有谁负责 two of us 我们中的两人 the two of us 就我们两人

15 冠词的一个基本用法：表示类别，也就是泛指一类人或物，侧重种类，而不是数量。
1）不定冠词和单数可数名词及不可数名词搭配，表示类别。 Jumping out of ___ airplane at ten thousand feet is quite ___ exciting experience. A./; the B./; an C.an; an D.the; the --- Have you seen ___ pen? I left it here this morning. ---Is it ___ black one? I think I saw it somewhere. A.a; the B.the; the C.the; a D.a; a C D

16 Many people agree that ___ knowledge of English is a must in ___ international trade today. A.a; / B.the; an C.the; the D./; the A 2) 定冠词和单数可数名词及某些形容词搭配，表示类别或抽象概念。 The warmth of ___ sweater will of course be determined by the sort of ___ wool used. A.the; the B.the; / C./; the D./; / Alexander Graham Bell invented ___ telephone in A./ B.a C.the D.one B C

17 A He told me that ___ rich got richer and ___ poor got poorer. A.the; the B.a; a C.the; a D.a; the 3) 零冠词与复数可数名词及不可数名词搭配，表示类别。 Most animals have little connection with ___ animals of ___ different kind unless they will kill them for food. A.the; a B./; a C.the; the D./;the Mr Smith, there’s a man at ___ front door, who says he has ___ news for you of great importance. A.the; / B.the; the C./; / D./; the B A

18 George is ___ English boy
George is ___ English boy. His homeland “England” is ___ European country. A.a; a B.an; an C.an; a D.a; an ___ a faithful animal. A.Dog is B.Dogs are C.A dog is D.An dog is He had done the experiment seven times without success, so he tried ___ eighth time. A.a B.an C.the D./ Hangzhou is ___ most beautiful city. A.a B.an C.the D./ ___ animals sleep under the snow in winter. A.Great many B.Many a C.A great many D.A great deal C C B A C

19 A I came across my first teacher ___. A.on a Sunday B.on the Sunday C.on the Sunday D.on Sundays Longjing is ___ wonderful Chinese tea. A.a B.an C.the D./ ___ who lacks one or both parents is called an orphan. A.A child B.An child C.The child D.Child Where are ___ ? A.a pair of slipper B.a pair of slippers C.slippers D.the slippers ___ Park Hotel is no longer the highest building in Shanghai now. A.A B.An C.The D./ A A D C

20 The teacher patted the boys ___ affectionately. A. on their head B
The teacher patted the boys ___ affectionately. A.on their head B.on their heads C.on the head D.on the heads We are now living in the room whose windows face ___. A.in the south B.in south C.to the south D.to south Her hometown is ___ . A.near Mississippi B.near the Mississippi C.in Mississippi D.in the Mississippi As we all know, ___ sun rises in ___ east. A.the; the B./; / C.the; / D./; the I like playing __ football, while my sisiter likes playing ___ piano. A./; / B.the; the C.the; / D./; the C C B A D

21 Bats sleep in ___ daytime and come out of hunt for food at ___ night. A.the; the B./; / C.the; / D./; the We celebrate ___ Internationas Women’s Day on ___ 8th of March. A.the; the B./; / C.the; / D./; the My husband usually does not have much for ___ breakfast, but he had ___ big breakfast today. A. the; the B. / ; / C. /; a D. a; the My uncle lives in ___ Seventh Street in ___ London. A. the; the B. /; / C.the; / D. /; the ___ is making rapid progress in ___ new China. A. The science ; the B. Science; / C. The science; / D. Science; the C D C B B

22 D Bill Clinton was elected ___ president of the United States in A. a B. an C. the D./ She was put to ___ bed whenever she did something wrong. A.a B.an C.the D./ She often has ___ in the morning. A. a stomachache B. a backache C. a headache D. an earache D C