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非谓语动词 考 点 概 览 考 查 角 度 考 查 频 次 动词不定式

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Presentation on theme: "非谓语动词 考 点 概 览 考 查 角 度 考 查 频 次 动词不定式"— Presentation transcript:

1 非谓语动词 考 点 概 览 考 查 角 度 考 查 频 次 动词不定式
考 点 概 览 考 查 角 度 考 查 频 次 动词不定式 动词不定式的构成及特征; 动词不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法 ★★★★★ 动名词 动名词的构成及特征; 动名词的基本用法 ★★★ 分词 分词的构成; 现在分词和过去分词的语法功能及用法区别 ★★

2 考点一 动词不定式  【考点探究】 What bad weather it was! We decided    . A. to go out       B. not to go out C. to not go out D. not going out

3 动词不定式作主语时常可转化为用it作形式主语 多数情况下, 动词不定式作表语, 可转换为作主语
【用法表解】 动词不定式可作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语, 我们主要掌握不定式作宾语、宾语补足语及目的状语的用法。 功 能 说 明 主 语 动词不定式作主语时常可转化为用it作形式主语 表 语 多数情况下, 动词不定式作表语, 可转换为作主语 宾 语 只能作某些动词的宾语, 一般不作介词的宾语

4 在make, let, see, hear, watch等使役动词后, 不定式省略to 不定式作状语, 其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致
功 能 说 明 宾语 补足 在make, let, see, hear, watch等使役动词后, 不定式省略to 定 语 不定式作定语, 要放在所修饰词的后面 状 语 不定式作状语, 其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致

5 【温馨提示】 有些动词后接不定式时通常省略to: feel, hear, see, watch, notice, let, make, have(简记为一感一听三看三让)。 上述动词变为被动语态后, 其后的不定式必须补上“to”。 ①Tom helped his brother (to) learn to swim. 汤姆帮他的弟弟学习游泳。 变为被动语态: His brother was helped to learn to swim by Tom. ②We often hear Jack sing English songs. 我们常听见杰克唱英文歌。 变为被动语态: Jack is often heard to sing English songs.

6 【巧学妙记】 只能跟不定式作宾语的动词(词组) 决心学会有希望(decide/determine, learn, wish/hope), 同意计划莫假装(agree, plan, pretend), 胆敢拒绝会失败(dare, refuse, fail), 准备设法来帮忙(prepare, try/manage, help), 提供请求负担起(offer, beg/demand, afford), 答应安排理应当(promise, arrange, be supposed), 以上后跟不定式, 劝君牢记永不忘。

7 考点二 动名词  【考点探究】 —Tim played the guitar very well in the school talent show. —I think so. He practices    it every day. A. play   B. playing   C. to play   D. plays

8 【用法表解】 动名词相当于名词、形容词, 可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。 功能 例 句 说 明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害处。 谓语动词用单数 宾语 I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜欢打篮球。 表示习惯性的动作 Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是用来寄信的。

9 Bill is in the reading room.
功能 例 句 说 明 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. 他的爱好是集邮。 多数情况下可转换为动名词作主语 定语 Bill is in the reading room. 比尔在阅览室里。 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等

10 【巧学妙记】 后跟动名词作宾语的动词(词组)
喜欢(enjoy)不断(keep)提建议(suggest) 盼望(look forward to)习惯(be used to)却完毕(finish) 想要(feel like)花费(spend)去练习(practice) 忍俊不禁(can’t help)还介意(mind) 后接动词-ing My grandfather kept telling jokes and I couldn’t help laughing. 爷爷不停地讲笑话, 我忍不住笑了。

11 【温馨提示】 部分动词既可接动名词作宾语, 又可接不定式作宾语, 两者意义区别较大。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事 remember to do sth. 记得去做某事(未做) forget doing sth. 忘了做过某事 forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事(未做) stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事

12 need doing sth. 需要做某事(被动含义)
need to do sth. 需要去做某事(主动含义) try doing sth. 尝试做某事 try to do sth. 尽力做某事 hear/see sb. doing sth. 听见/看见某人正在做某事 hear/see sb. do sth. 听见/看见某人做了某事

13 考点三 分词  【考点探究】 1. When I passed the classroom, I heard a girl    in it. A. sing   B. to sing   C. sang    D. singing 2. When he arrived at the office, he found all the workers    . A. working B. work C. to work D. worked

14 【用法表解】 1. 分词的构成 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词由“动词+-ing”构成。过去分词的基本形式是“动词+-ed”, 但也有不规则的形式。

15 2. 分词的句法功能 功能 说 明 例 句 定语 现在分词作定语, 其逻辑主语就是所修饰的词; 过去分词作定语, 其逻辑宾语是它所修饰的词 ①Do you know the boy playing football? 你认识踢足球的那个男孩吗? ②Please hand in your written exercise. 请交上你的书面练习。 状语 分词的逻辑主语是句子的主语 ①The students went out of the classroom, talking and laughing. 学生们谈笑着走出了教室。 ②Seen from the hill, our school looks more beautiful. 从小山上看, 我们的学校显得更美丽了。

16 功能 说 明 例 句 表语 现在分词表示主语的性质、特征; 过去分词表示某种状态 ①The news is exciting. 这个消息令人兴奋。 ②I’m interested in the book. 我对这本书感兴趣。 现在分词作补足语, 被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑主语(即主动关系); 过去分词作补足语, 被修饰的宾语或主语是它的逻辑宾语(即被动关系) ①Don’t keep me waiting for a long time. 别让我等很长时间。 ②I had my hair cut last night. 昨天晚上我理发了。

17 Ⅰ. 用所给词的适当形式填空 1. (2013·安顺中考)Why not    (bring) your cousin with you to visit the museum? 2. (2013·安顺中考)A new plan began    (form) in her mind. 3. (2013·白银中考)Be confident of    (pass) the exam. 答案: 1. bring 2. to form 3. passing

18 4. (2012·泰州中考)The OBIS doctor is training the local doctors how    (deal) with the blindness.
5. (2012·崇左中考)Sometimes he spends his weekend     (fish). 答案: 4. to deal 5. fishing

19 Ⅱ. 单项选择 1. (2013·湛江中考)—Why not    to the park now? —Good idea! Let’s go. A. go   B. to go   C. goes   D. going 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。句意: ——现在为什么不去公园? ——好主意! 让我们去吧。why not后跟动词原形。故选A。

20 2. (2013·广州中考)I always tell my students    on the road because it’s really dangerous.
A. not to play B. to play not C. not playing D. not play 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。不定式作tell的宾语补足语, 构成tell sb. to do sth. 的结构。对不定式进行否定在to前加not, 即tell sb. not to do sth. 。故选A。

21 3. (2013·苏州中考)Paul made a nice cage    the little sick bird till it could fly.
A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词用法。句意: 保罗做了一个漂亮的笼子来饲养那只生病的小鸟, 直到它会飞。此处非谓语动词作状语, 表示目的, 故用不定式。故选D。

22 4. (2012·徐州中考)—Why not    John a toy car for his birthday?
—Good idea! He is crazy about cars. A. buy B. buying C. to buy D. buys 【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。why not do sth. “为什么不做某事”。故选A。

23 5. (2012·盐城中考)—Is Tom in the next room?
—Well, it’s hard to say. But I heard him    loudly when I passed by just now. A. speak B. to speak C. spoken D. speaking 【解析】选D。考查非谓语动词。hear sb. doing sth. “听见某人正在做某事”, 现在分词作宾语补足语。


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