口译是通过口头表达，将信息由一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式的语言交际行动．

Presentation on theme: "口译是通过口头表达，将信息由一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式的语言交际行动．"— Presentation transcript:

1 口译是通过口头表达，将信息由一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式的语言交际行动．
口译简述 口译是通过口头表达，将信息由一种语言形式转换成另一种语言形式的语言交际行动．

2 口译的类型 口译按其操作形式可分为以下五种： 交替翻译( alternating interpretation )
接续翻译( consecutive interpretation ) 同声传译( simultaneous interpretation ) 耳语翻译 ( whispering interpretation ) 视阅翻译 ( sight interpretation )

3 口译按其操作内容可分为： 导游翻译( guide interpretation )
礼仪翻译 ( ceremony interpretation ) 宣传翻译 ( information interpretation ) 会议翻译 ( conference interpretation ) 会谈翻译 ( dialogue interpretation )

4 中国国家旅游局 China National Tourism Administration　 中国国际旅行社 China International Travel Service 旅游管理局 travel administration bureau 旅行社 travel service / agency 旅游公司 tourism company

5 春／秋游 假日旅游 自然景观 人文景观 名胜古迹 佛教名山 五岳 避暑山庄 度假胜地 自然保护区 Spring /autumn outing Vacation tour Natural scenery/attraction Places of historic figures and cultural heritage Scenic spots and historic sites Famous Buddhist mountains The five great mountains Resort; mountain resort Holiday resort Nature reserve

6 国家公园 旅游景点 古建筑群 诱人景色 湖光山色 青山绿水 景色如画 旅行指南 世界旅游组织 National park Tourist attraction Ancient architectural complex Inviting views Landscape of lakes and hills Green hills and clear waters Picturesque views Itinerary World Tourism Organization

7 名山大川 山水风光 旅游主题 民俗风情 旅游资源 依山傍水 山青水秀 园林建造 Famous mountains and hills
Scenery with mountains and rivers Tourist theme Folklore /folk customs Tourist resources Enclosed by the hills on one side and waters on the other Beautiful mountains and clear waters Garden architecture

8 1. The tourists can enjoy the unique Bai ethnic folklore of the locality.
2. The Taihu Lake overwhelms the tourists with its expansiveness and delicate beauty. 3. There is no place more charming than Guilin. 4. The local government intensifies efforts to launch new tourist destinations.

9 5. The government takes great pains to preserve cultural relics and historical sites.
6. The China Folk Culture Village swarms with visitors every day. 7. Suzhou is known for its garden architecture. 8. The idyllic setting gives great delight to the tourists.

10 1． a winding path leads to a secluded place
2. a paradise on earth 3. landscapes of lakes and hills 4. picturesque scenery 5. places of historical figures and cultural heritage 6. summer resort 7. fairy tales and folklore 8. hills upon hills

11 1. Dongshan park, with chirping birds, fragrant flowers and winding paths leading to secluded places, really provides a good environment for relaxation. 2.Reputed as a paradise on earth, Zhangjiajie is a must for every tourist. 3.The landscapes of lakes and hills in Wuxi are so captivating that the tourists are reluctant to leave. 4.The picturesque scenery has stimulated the patriotism of countless poets.

12 With a long history, Guangzhou boasts a great number of places of historical figures and cultural heritage, which record the changes that took place in her history. Lushan, a well-known summer resort, draws a large number of visitors who come for sightseeing and spending the summer every year. In Jiuzhaigou circulate many fairy tales and folklore telling of the culture and history of the locality. Looking into the distance, one can see hills upon hills, all shrouded in clouds and mists. What a beautiful vista.

13 Mr. White: 林先生，我们到哪了？ 林先生： We have arrived at the foot of the X mountain. Let’s take a rest before we walk to the summit. We’ll take the path on our left. Mr. White: 为什么不走右边的路？那条路好像不那么崎岖。 林先生： We’ll see more of the beauty of the mountain by taking the path. You are not one who is afraid of a difficult climb, aren’t you ? Mr. White : 当然不会。走吧。

14 林先生： The X mountain has been listed as a National Scenic Spot recently on account of its beautiful scenery. It is located to the north of the city and covers an area of 89 square kilometers. Since it is within the subtropical zone, it boasts a great variety of plants. It is also known as the lungs of the city for it produces a great amount of oxygen every day. Mr. White: 真有趣。那是什么树？我可从未见过。

15 林先生： It is kapok. It is straight and lofty
林先生： It is kapok. It is straight and lofty. When it is in bloom, the flowers are crimson and splendid. The local people like them so much that they have designated the flower as the City Flower. Mr. White : 名副其实啊。 林先生： The X mountain is picturesque all the year round with zigzagging paths leading to secluded and mysterious places. It attracts a huge number of tourists every year. They are all enchanted with the beautiful scenery.

16 Mr. White: 从树后面传来的是什么声音？
林先生： It must be the White Dragon Stream. The X mountain is rich in water recourses. There are plenty of streams, pools as well as waterfalls in it. Mr. White: 瀑布？那太好了。 林先生: We’ll see some of them on our way. Mr. White: 好啊，X山真是大自然的杰作。 林先生: It is nothing less than a paradise on earth.

17 Jiuzhaigou is located in the heart of Sichuan Province
Jiuzhaigou is located in the heart of Sichuan Province. It covers an area of 720 kilometers and is spread over a Y-shaped ravine about 30 kilometers long and at an elevation of 2,000 to 3,000 meters. It boasts crystal clear water in its alpine lakes and is rich in various plants and wild animals. During the winter season, which lasts from October to March, Jiuzhaigou looks like a frozen fairyland as its trees and plants are covered with snow.

18 The snow can absolutely dazzle the on-lookers
The snow can absolutely dazzle the on-lookers. Bitter cold hardens it into ice, transforming trees and plants into “ ice flowers” and waterfalls into natural ice carvings. Being the only Chinese tourism destination with three internationally acclaimed titles---World Natural Heritage Site, World Biosphere Reserve and Green Globe 21 Site--- Jiuzhaigou is a stunningly beautiful vista at any time of the year.

19 Memory training and note-taking
　　　　　　　北京不再是一张黑白照片 在我的记忆中，北京就像一张黑白照片，街道上的汽车很少，只有自行车；人们都穿深蓝色的衣服；在公园里，土地是裸露的甚至看不到一点青草；灰色的楼房看上去都是一样的．但是，当我在２００１年９月２０日走下飞机来到北京时，黑白照片一下子变成了色彩鲜艳的彩色照片，而且是那么富有生气．一幢幢新建的漂亮建筑在马路两侧排列着，马路上满是公共汽车，卡车和私家轿车．人们穿者色彩各异的服装，云集在商店和书店．咖啡厅，快餐店和个类餐厅吸引着我们去品尝各种美味食品．这是北京还是香港？我问自己．我一边走一边傻傻地看，就像一个农民第一次进城．

20 Beijing Is No More a Black-and White Photograph
In my memory, Beijing was just like a black-and-white photo. There were only bicycles in the streets with few cars. Everyone wore dark blue clothing. In the parks, the ground was bare with little grass. The gray buildings all looked the same. However, when I stepped off the plane in Beijing on 20 September 2001, the black-white photograph suddenly changed into a bright color one full of life.

21 Attractive new buildings lined on both sides of the streets, which were jammed with buses, trucks, and private cars. People wearing colorful clothing crowded the department stores and bookstores. Café, fast-food joints, and various restaurants attracted us to try every kind of food. Is this Beijing, or Hong Kong, I wondered ? I walked and gawked, like a peasant visiting the city for the first time.

22 Foreign exchange revenue 旅游创汇
Rank　　居，排行 Domestic tourism　国内旅游 Total　　总数达．．． Upgrade　提升，发展 Status　地位 Provincial-city　　省区市 Pillar　支柱 Optimization　优化 Macro-environment of tourism　宏观环境 The per capital GDP　人均国内生产总值

23 Constitute　　构成 Paramount　　最高的，至上的 Sustainable　　持续的

24 China will earn 42.6 billion dollars in foreign exchange revenue with the annual average growth of nearly 8% and it is expected to be ranked third worldwide billion tourists will travel in China, representing an average 8% increase annually; the revenue from domestic tourism will reach 881 billion Yuan with an increase of 11% on the average every year; the tourism earnings will total trillion Yuan, up 10%, representing 7%of GDP; tourism will create 9.8 million direct and 49 million indirect job opportunities.

25 中国旅游创汇将达４２６亿美圆，年均增长８％左右，有望居世界第三位；国内旅游人次１６．９亿人次，年均增长８％左右；国内旅游收入８８１０亿元，年均增长１１％左右；旅游业总收入１２２６０亿元，年均增长１０％左右，相当于全国国内生产总值的７％；旅游带动直接就业９８０万人，间接就业４９００万人．

26 The eleventh Five-year Plan is a crucial strategic period for upgrading China’s tourism which will be faced with new opportunities and challenges. The tourism industry is continuously raising its status in the national economy. Currently, 24 provincial-cities have promoted tourism as their pillar, pioneering or crucial industry with the further optimization of the macro-environment of tourism. Accompanied by the progress of the development of the well-off society, the per capita GDP in China will jump from 1000 dollars to 3000 dollars, thus leading to a dramatically increased demand for tourism consumption. This constitutes the paramount driving force behind the sustainable boom in China’s tourism

27 随着旅游业综合功能的进一步加强，在扩大内需，拉动投资，带动脱贫，促进区域经济发展和城镇化建设等方面也将发挥更为积极的作用．“十一五”期间，中国将旅游产业体系建设，全面提升旅游产业素质，综合发挥旅游产业功能，把旅游业培养成为国民经济的重要产业，为建设世界旅游强国打好基础，为全面建设小康社会，构建和谐社会作出积极贡献．

28 “十一五”是中国旅游业发展的重要战略提升期，面临着新的发展机遇和挑战．目前旅游业在国民经济中的地位不断提升，目前全国有２４个省区市把旅游业定位为支柱产业，先导产业或重要产业，旅游发展的宏观环境将进一步得到优化．随着全国建设小康社会的推进，中国人均国内生产总值将由１０００美圆向３０００美圆跨越，旅游消费需求将大幅度提升．这是中国旅游业持续兴旺的重要动力．

29 随着旅游业综合功能的进一步加强，在扩大内需，拉动投资，带动脱贫，促进区域经济发展和城镇化建设等方面也将发挥更为积极的作用．“十一五”期间，中国将旅游产业体系建设，全面提升旅游产业素质，综合发挥旅游产业功能，把旅游业培养成为国民经济的重要产业，为建设世界旅游强国打好基础，为全面建设小康社会，构建和谐社会作出积极贡献．

30 While seeing its strengthened comprehensive functions, tourism industry has a further active role to play in expanding domestic demand, attracting investment, helping shake off the poverty and giving impetus to regional economic develoment and urbanization development, ect. In the run of the eleventh Five-year Plan, China will push forward the development of the tourism industry system, improve the comprehensive tourism quality and give full play to tourism industry function. In this way, tourism can become an important industry in the national economy, which lays a solid foundation for developing a world tourism power and contributes a great deal to creating a well-off and harmonious society.

31 徐霞客是中国明代伟大的地理学家，探险旅行家和游记文学家．他探人所未知，达人所未达，写下了不朽的＜＜徐霞客游记＞＞，被誉为东方的“马可．波罗”，其传奇生涯对中国旅游产生了巨大的影响．由中华人民共和国国家旅游局和江苏省人民政府主办的“中国徐霞客国际旅游节”于２００６年５月２６日在徐霞客故里无锡举行．

32 Xu Xiake, the great geographer, explorer and writer in the Ming Dynasty of China, spent his life in traveling and discovering the vast land of China with the spirit of “traveling without boundaries” and finally accomplished the immortal masterpiece, The Xu Xiak Travelogue. Acknowledged as the “Marco Polo” in the East, his legendary life have great influence on China’s tourism, “the China Xu Xiake International Tourism Festival “ was held in Wuxi, the hometown of Xu Xiake, from May 19 to May 26, This festival was co-hosted by the National Tourism Administration of People’s Republic of China and Jiangsu People’s Government.

33 十月的北京，天高气　，秋色宜人，世界旅游组织第１５界全体大会今天在这里隆重开幕。

34 This October, when Beijing is offering us its charming autumn scenery in the most fresh air and clear weather, the 15th General Assembly Session of the World Tourism Organization will be officially opened here.

35 正是这种新与旧，古代与现代的结合才使中国成为一个无与伦比的旅游目的地。

36 It is this blend of old and new, ancient and modern, that makes China such a unique tourist destination.

37 旅游是一项集观光，娱乐，健身为一体的愉快而美好的活动。

38 Tourism represents a kind of popular and pleasant activity that combines sightseeing ,recreation and health care.

39 中国是一个历史悠久的文明古国，也是一个充满时代生机的东方大国，拥有许多得天独厚的旅游资源。

40 As a country with a long civilization, China is also one big oriental country full of modern vitality, not to mention its unique, rich and varied tourism resources.

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42 在古代，中国先哲们就提出了“观国之光”的思想，倡导“读万卷书，行万里路”，游历名山大川，承天地之灵气，接山水之精华。

43 In ancient times, ancient Chinese thinkers raised the idea of “appreciating the landscape through sightseeing.” Ancient people also proposed to “travel ten thousand li and read ten thousand books,” which shows they found pleasure in enriching themselves mentally and physically through traveling famous mountains and rivers.

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45 北京胡同 今天我们看到的大多数胡同是明清两代产物，没有人能够确切地说出北京有多少胡同。但有一点很清楚，如果将各个胡同连接起来，总长度超过著名的万里长城。说得更清楚些，相当于从西雅图修一条高速路直达波士顿，这可是横穿美国大陆啊！今天你可以发现不同形状，长度和方向的胡同。最短的胡同只有１０米，最窄的胡同仅４０厘米，还有些胡同有２０多个弯。

46 Most of today’s Hutongs were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties
Most of today’s Hutongs were built during the Ming and Qing Dynasties . Nobody knows exactly how many Hutongs there are in today’s Beijing. But one thing is for sure, if we connected all the Hutongs together, their total length would even be longer than the famous Great Wall. Or to make it clear, it could build a highway from Seattle to Boston, all across America ! Today you can find various Hutongs with different shapes, lengths or directions. The shortest one is only ten meters long, and the narrowest is only 40 centimeters wide. And some Hutongs have more than 20 turns.