Hong Kong Happiness Index Survey 2013

Presentation on theme: "Hong Kong Happiness Index Survey 2013"— Presentation transcript:

1 Hong Kong Happiness Index Survey 2013
Prof. Ho Lok Sang Director Centre for Public Policy Studies Lingnan University December 12, 2013

2 Survey backgrounds The survey was conducted from October 29 to November 4, 2013. The total number of respondents is 942. The response rate is around 26 percent. We would like to acknowledge the generous financial support of Shih Wing Ching Foundation and the assistance of Public Governance Programme of Lingnan University in data collection. Key Happiness Question: 整體來說，你 有幾快樂 呢？ 0 分代表非常不快樂，10 分代表非常快樂。

3 Note: 2012 and 2013 indices are compiled assuming 2011 age structure in the population census.

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16 Over 40% of the sampled workers work in excess of 50 hours per week.

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33 快樂方程式 Happiness Formula = LIFE
L = Love（關愛） I = Insight（智慧） F = Fortitude（堅毅） E = Engagement（行動）

34 關愛的量度指標 Measures of Love
我關心我的家人。(Lovefamily)

35 智慧的量度指標 Measures of Insight
只要 盡力做到最好，不論 結果如何，已屬成功。(Insight-trybest) 我 並不求 奢華的生活。(Insight-moderation) 對於 自己能力 處理範圍 以外 的事情，我 不會去多想。(Insight-knowduty) 我 懂得 分配時間：工作、休息、陪伴家人 不會偏廢。(Insight-balance) 我願意 寬恕 得罪過我 的人.(Insight-forgive)

36 堅毅的量度指標 Measures of Fortitude
遇到挫敗我不氣餒。

37 行動的量度指標 Measures of Engagement
我有清晰的人生目標。(Engagementlifegoal)

38 快樂指數的迴歸分析 Regression of Happiness Index
Baseline Regression

39 快樂與愛智毅行的簡單關係 Baseline Equation – Specification 1
Coefficient t-Statistic Prob.   關愛 Love** 0.080 2.309 0.021 智慧 Insight*** 0.448 9.476 0.000 堅毅 Fortitude* 0.068 1.889 0.059 行動 Engagement*** 0.144 4.715 常數 (Constant)*** 1.626 4.848 Adjusted R-bar squared = 0.28 F-statistics = 80.80*** N = 844 (***indicates 1% significance) (** indicates 5% significance) (* indicates 10% significance)

40 Baseline Equation – Specification 2
Coefficient t-Statistic Prob.   關愛 Love** 0.070 1.988 0.047 智慧 Insight – Try Best*** 0.133 3.973 0.000 智慧 Insight – Moderation* 0.051 1.827 0.068 智慧 Insight – Know Duty*** 0.098 3.909 智慧 Insight – Balance*** 0.121 3.378 0.001 智慧 Insight – Forgive** 2.195 0.028 堅毅 Fortitude* 0.060 1.631 0.103 行動 Engagement*** 0.137 4.430 常數 (Constant) *** 1.638 4.887 Adjusted R-bar squared = 0.28 F-statistics = 41.06*** N = 844 (***indicates 1% significance) (** indicates 5% significance) (* indicates 10% significance)

41 Happiness Regression – with Demographics Added
Coefficient t-Statistic Prob. 關愛 Love** 0.078 2.294 0.022 智慧 Insight*** 0.453 9.619 0.000 堅毅 Fortitude* 0.062 1.762 0.079 行動 Engagement*** 0.137 4.551 女性 Female 0.108 1.041 0.298 30 – 49歲 Aged 30 – 49** -0.576 -3.002 0.003 50歲或以上 Aged 50 or Up** -0.450 -1.999 0.046 已婚或同居 Married or Cohabitation*** 0.421 2.344 0.019 Aged50up X Married or Cohabitation -0.373 -1.406 0.160 家庭收入 Household Income = $0** -0.465 -2.148 0.032 家庭收入 Household Income >$0 and < $10,000 -0.145 -0.617 0.537 家庭收入 Household Income > $40,000 0.162 1.284 0.200 財政壓力 Financial stress*** -0.089 -5.112 常數 (Constant)*** 2.325 6.554 Adjusted R-bar squared = 0.31 F-statistics = 30.05*** N = 842 (***indicates 1% significance) (** indicates 5% significance) (* indicates 10% significance)

42 Happiness Regression – Policy and Environment Factors Included
Coefficient t-Statistic Prob. 關愛 Love** 0.077 2.310 0.021 智慧 Insight*** 0.378 7.758 0.000 堅毅 Fortitude* 0.061 1.749 0.081 行動 Engagement*** 0.117 3.864 女性 Female 0.106 1.040 0.299 30-49歲 Aged 30 – 49*** -0.486 -2.594 0.010 50歲或以上 Aged 50 or Up* -0.407 -1.862 0.063 已婚或同居 Married or Cohabited** 0.357 2.028 0.043 Aged50up X Married or Cohabitation -0.322 -1.243 0.214 家庭收入 Household Income = $0** -0.549 -2.554 0.011 家庭收入 Household Income >$0 and < $10,000* -0.401 -1.721 0.086 家庭收入 Household Income > $40,000 0.128 1.046 0.296 財政壓力 Financial stress*** -0.078 -4.541 對施政滿意度 Satisfaction with Administration of Public Policy** 0.062 2.705 0.007 對生活環境滿意度 Satisfaction with Living Environment*** 0.144 4.797 常數 (Constant) *** 1.896 5.412 Adjusted R-bar squared = 0.36 F-statistics = 30.77*** N = 807 (***indicates 1% significance) (** indicates 5% significance) (* indicates 10% significance)

43 Trend of LIFE Scores from 2009 to 2013
2010 2011 2012 2013 平均值 Mean 人數 N 關愛 Love 7.67 806 8.35 809 7.65 772 8.11 912 8.50 933 智慧 Insight 7.10 737 7.49 814 7.31 768 6.96 886 7.15 871 堅毅 Fortitude 6.89 693 7.28 807 791 7.43 876 7.68 919 行動 Engagement 6.76 6.73 797 7.35 742 896 7.3 921

44 Trend of LIFE Scores by Gender from 2009 to 2013
性別 Sex 關愛 Love 智慧 Insight 堅毅 Fortitude 行動 Engagement Year 09 10 11 12 13 男性 Male 平均值 Mean 7.45 8.11 7.21 7.88 8.28 6.99 7.3 6.95 6.72 6.53 7.18 7.13 7.20 7.63 6.67 6.47 6.92 7.09 人數 N 331 299 312 360 372 311 313 352 353 278 298 323 354 367 292 302 358 370 女性 Female 7.81 8.48 7.95 8.25 8.64 7.59 7.52 7.12 7.29 7.14 7.33 7.37 7.58 7.71 6.81 6.88 7.39 7.40 7.36 475 521 474 552 561 426 526 472 534 518 415 520 487 522 476 516 454 538 551 合計 Total 7.67 8.35 7.65 8.50 7.1 7.49 6.96 7.15 6.89 7.28 7.43 7.68 6.76 6.73 7.2 7.30 806 820 786 912 933 737 825 785 886 871 693 818 810 876 919 807 808 756 896 921

45 Trend of LIFE Scores by Age Groups from 2009 to 2013
關愛 Love 智慧 Insight 堅毅 Fortitude 行動 Engagement Age Group Year 09 10 11 12 13 21-29 平均值 7.02 7.61 7.64 7.82 6.88 6.54 6.9 6.48 6.63 6.55 7.13 6.97 7.15 6.84 6.58 7.35 6.87 6.81 人數 181 143 144 157 130 175 156 128 152 180 155 30-59 7.79 8.51 8.18 8.61 7.14 7.62 7.38 6.98 7.17 6.86 7.42 7.32 7.47 7.75 7.3 7.41 512 517 472 534 521 460 516 471 526 495 449 515 479 519 510 469 535 518 60 or above 8.24 8.52 7.71 8.11 7.31 7.93 7.5 7.45 7.54 7.51 7.73 7.81 6.23 6.27 6.66 7.21 7.39 102 149 207 269 93 153 191 237 82 168 189 262 99 193 261 Entire sample 7.67 8.35 7.65 8.10 8.50 7.1 7.49 6.96 6.89 7.28 7.44 7.68 6.76 6.73 7.2 7.27 7.30 795 809 772 898 920 728 814 768 873 860 683 807 791 864 907 797 742 883 909

46 活在世上很有意義

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55 Total Life Satisfaction
Happiness Index, Life Satisfaction and Life Worth Living by Gender and by Age Groups Happiness Total Life Satisfaction Worthy Life Age 21-29 30-49 50 or up Total* Total * Male 2012 6.82 6.76 7.18 6.91 6.66 6.38 6.49 6.48 7.03 7.09 7.5 7.21 2013 6.84 6.63 6.81 6.25 6.3 6.42 6.33 7.17 6.93 7.07 N 67 111 187 365 68 186 66 107 175 348 Female 7.2 7.05 7.12 6.7 6.45 7.54 7.4 7.58 7.41 7.28 7.23 7.14 6.64 6.60 7.82 7.48 7.50 62 183 311 556 180 309 551 182 298 542 All 7.01 6.95 6.68 6.35 6.6 6.50 7.29 7.55 7.38 7.15 6.51 6.59 6.52 7.31 7.37 157 323 422 914 325 416 913 155 403 891 * Based on 2011 Census Age Structure Weights

56 香港人的心理質素有上升趨勢，儘管近 期爭拗持續，毋損快樂指數。愛智毅 行全面提升。
結論 Conclusions 香港的快樂指數近期在高位徘徊 香港人的心理質素有上升趨勢，儘管近 期爭拗持續，毋損快樂指數。愛智毅 行全面提升。 對施政滿意度跌至 4.14，比中性的5低。 香港人酷愛運動和戶外活動，卻並不熱 衷投資賺錢。

57 London-based Legatum Institute, Prosperity Index
To build the index Legatum incorporated “a mixture of traditional economic indicators alongside measurements of well-being and life satisfaction.” The result is a list of 142 countries, covering 96% of world population and 99% of global GDP, ranked from most to least prosperous — the Happiest and Saddest Countries in the world.

58 1. Norway Enjoying the harborside in Bergen, Norway. In 2013 the Scandinavian nation ranked 1st overall on the Legatum Institute‘s Prosperity Index for the fifth straight year, with leading scores in the Economy and Social Capital sub indexes.  18. Singapore They may consider themselves overworked, but Singaporeans can boast the 3rd highest ranking Economy in the world. Does that make up for a low 53rd place in Personal Freedom? Read the whole story.  19. Hong Kong The night skyline in Hong Kong. Though technically part of China, the Prosperity Index breaks out Hong Kong as a separate country. It has improved its Safety and Security ranking from 18th in 2011 to 5th in 2012 and now 1st for Education remains a weak spot at 43rd place.