Grammar Ellipsis.

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1 Grammar Ellipsis

2 简单句中的省略 1.省略主语:祈使句中的主语通常被省略; (1) (You) Come in, please.
(2) (I) See you tomorrow. (3) (I) Thank you for your help. (4) (I) Beg your pardon.

3 简单句中的省略 2.省略主语或谓语的一部分 (1) (There is) No smoking.
(2) (Will you) Have a smoke? (3) (You come) This way, please.

4 简单句中的省略 3.省略宾语:可省略宾语的全部；可省略作宾 语的动词不定式,只保留to,但如果该宾语是动
词不定式to be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have．（would like to, want to, ought to，hope to等） ---Do you know Miss Hu? ---I don’t know (her). (2) You can eat anything if you want to (eat). (3) ---Are you a teacher? ---No, but I want to be (a teacher). (4) ---He hasn’t finished the task. ---Well, he ought to have (finished it).

5 简单句中的省略 4.省略表语 5.同时省略几个句子成分
---Are you thirsty? Yes, I am (thirsty). 5.同时省略几个句子成分 ---Are you feeling better now? --- (I’m feeling) better (now). (2) (I wish) Good luck (to you)!

6 并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句 中相同的部分．
(1) My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. (2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school (3) Lin’s father was not at home, but his mother was (at home).

7 主从复合句中的省略 1.主句中有一些主谓被省略 2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分 3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略
1.主句中有一些主谓被省略　 (I’m) Sorry to hear that you are ill. (2) (It’s) A pity that you missed such a good chance. 2.省略从句中与主句相同的部分 They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents). 3.主句与从句各有一些成分被省略 The sooner (you do it) , the better (it will be ).

8 4.宾语从句中常省略引导词that,但多个宾语从句并列时,通常只省略第一个that。
I think (that) it will be warm tomorrow. He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart. 5.在定语从句中关系词that在从句中作宾语时能省略。 The book (that) I borrowed yesterday was hers. The man (that) they are talking about is my teacher. The man that is standing over there is my teacher.

9 6.在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分
(1) As (he was) a child, he lived in India. (2) If (you are) asked you may come in. (3) If (it is) necessary I’ll explain to you again. (4) Though (he is) young, he knows a lot.

10 7.连词if在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但要将后面的谓语should，were，had等提到主语的前面构成倒装.
Had they time, they would certainly come and help us. If they had time, they would certainly come and help us. (2) Were I you, I would do the work better. If I were you, I would do the work better.

11 其他省略 (1) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to还原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day.

12 其他省略 不定式符号to的省略 (2)并列的不定式可省去后面的 to.
I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. (3) help 当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾补的不定式符号to可带可不带. I will help you (to) do it. （4）介词but前若有动词do,后面的不定式不带 to. The boy did nothing but play.

13 替代： so和not 一般在表示个人看法或想法的动词，如think, believe, suppose, expect, hope, do, see， be afraid of等后面有省略时，要用 so或not作替代词: so 代替肯定的部分, not 代替否定的部分。若有副词，not 一般放在 perhaps，probably，absolutely等副词后。 I think you can pass the exam, and we all think so. 2. I don’t know if she will come or not, but I suppose not. 3. --Will you attend his party if you are not invited? --Absolutely not.

14 Class is over!